Work progress feedback has played a critical role in creation of a conducive and harmonious relationship in organizations all over the world. Indeed it is one factor that is essential in enhancement of service delivery in organizations. Work progress feedback is the process of providing credible and factual information regarding aspects of employees’ performance or understanding in order to help them meet individual, group and organizational goals. The general objective of the study was to establish whether there is a relationship between work progress feedback and employees’ performance in water and sanitation companies in Nyeri County. Specific objectives of this study were specificity of work progress feedback; mode of work progress feedback and timeliness of work progress feedback on employees’ performance. The study used stratified random sampling to select a sample size of 77 respondents from a target population of 383 employees in Water and Sanitation Companies in Nyeri County. The relevant data was collected using questionnaires from 62 respondents representing 80.5% response rate out of the probable 77. Collected data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) to generate descriptive and inferential statistics. Frequencies and percentages were generated from the data while linear and multiple regression analysis was done to establish relationship among the variables in the study. The results indicated that water and sanitation companies’ have workedprogress feedback mechanisms though inadequate. The study findings revealed that timeliness of work progress feedback and mode of work progress feedback have positive and significant effects on employees’ performance while specificity of work progress feedback was found to have a positive but insignificant effect on employees’ performance. The researcher recommended work progress feedback to be reviewed so as to incorporate inputs from all the parties, the researcher also recommended on providing work progress feedback in time by using appropriate modes. The researcher suggested that future research could focus on other types of composition variables such as workers attitude towards work progress feedback among other variables to establish whether they have an effect on employees’ performance.

The paper explores the real links between environmental and gender justice which has now become a key justice issue because of socially constructed roles and responsibilities that continue to affect women in households, communities and ecosystems throughout the world. In recent decades, countries that have expanded opportunities for women in education and work, have largely achieved greater prosperity and social progress. However, like many other developing countries of the world, India remains behind in achieving gender justice in many sectors. India is surrounded by many gender related issues including an imbalanced gender ratio, active and passive violence, sex selective abortion, maternal mortality, illiteracy etc. Nevertheless many gender oriented policies have already been implemented which are definitely an outcome of the women’s movement. Despite implementing all these policies, the environmental movement in India cannot be merged with women’s movement. The paper highlights some key areas where environmental justice becomes a gender issue because of the disproportionate environmental burden that women have to bear. The paper is predominately based on secondary data which is supported by some empirical case stories indentified in various primary data based articles, books and online publications. The paper concludes with some policy suggestions that may help solve the current environmental and gender crisis prevailing in India. The policy suggestions could be applicable to other countries that share a similar socio economic and political context.

Despite IFRS compliance being mandatory requirement in Kenya and high compliance levels in other sectors, the level of compliance in Kenyan SACCOs has been found to be so wanting that they cannot be benchmarked with most of IFRS. This study aimed at establishing the influence of management training on compliance with international financial reporting standards by SACCOs in Nyeri County. The study was anchored on theory of isomorphism. Empirical review of related literature was done. The target population for this study was all SACCOs which have been operating in Nyeri County for at least five years as at end of year 2013 which were 53 SACCOs according to data from the Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development. A sample size of 47 SACCOs was drawn. Stratified random sampling technique was used after categorizing SACCOs based on activities and membership. After stratifying the population, a simple random sample was drawn from each strata. Proportional allocation method was used to allocate a sample size for each stratum. Primary data collection instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was tested for reliability through computing Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha. Validity test of the instrument was done using two groups of experts. Secondary data, for corroborative purposes, was obtained from the financial statements of the SACCOs by use of secondary data collection sheet. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used for data analysis .Both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were conducted. Specifically, model fitness R2, ANOVA and regression coefficients were generated from a bivariate linear regression model. Presentation of findings was done through tables and graphs. The study found that management training had a significant relationship with compliance with IFRS at 95% confidence level. Training affected compliance with IFRS to a great extent with 69.3% of change in compliance with IFRS being explained by management training. The study concluded that lack of management training had a negative effect on compliance with IFRS among SACCOs in Nyeri County. It was recommended that SASRA should make it mandatory for SACCO managers to attend trainings organized by professional bodies. SASRA should also organize its own trainings to improve SACCOs managers level of training on IFRS.

The adolescent period, is a unique developmental stage which is characterized by physical, psychosocial, social and cognitive changes as transition from childhood to adulthood. In this communication, we highlight the importance of establishing adolescent medical service, and call on the higher strategic planners in Saudi Arabia to establish a country wide program to improve the health wellbeing of the youth.

Neonatal sepsis (NNS) is invasive infection, mostly bacterial, occurring during the neonatal period. NNS manifests with ill-defined symptoms, therefore, requires high index of suspicion for early diagnosis. Neonatal sepsis is becoming less frequent due to improved obstetrical management and evidence-based use of intrapartum antimicrobial therapy. However, early-onset sepsis remains one of the most common causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the preterm population.

We consider non-monotone wedge trust region method for derivative-free optimization. Throughout our knowledge, this is the first investigation paper which combining non-monotone strategy into wedge trust region methods. The computational results proved the efficiency of the new composite strategy.

Verrucous carcinoma (VC) a low-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the rarest of all oral cancers. A hybrid VC is a non-verrucous SCC that arises synchronously with the VC.The differential diagnosis of VC remains difficult and requires clinical and pathologic data confrontation.As the malignant behaviour of hybrid VC is confined to the non-VC component, careful examination of these tumors is needed .here we report a case of 44 year old female with hybrid verrucous carcinoma.Clinical and histological features and treatment are discussed with the review of literature.

In this paper, we propose a non-monotone trust region method for solving unconstrained optimization problem. Unlike the traditional trust region methods, our new algorithm is simple by combining non-monotone strategy with a scale approximation of the objective function’s Hessian. Theoretical analysis indicates that the new method preserves the global convergence under some mild conditions.

Biofouling particularly micro-fouling is a very complex phenomenon to understand. This present work is carried out to understand the influence of wood type on the development of microfoulers. The panels were constructed by using commercially important hard wood such as Tectona grandis, Pterocarpus Sp, Thespesia populnea and Mangifera indica. The assembled panels were immersed and studied for the period of 21 days in velar estuary, Porto-Novo. The result shows that the settlement of microfoulers are high on the panel constructed by Mangifera indica (89 X 10-5 CFU/cm2) and low on the panel constructed by Pterocarpus Sp (71 X 10-5 CFU/cm2). Thus, the selection of materials for the marine structures must be heedful and well established to prevent the loss due to the fouling process.

Stroke is defined as the loss of function of brain and it occurs when the supply of blood to the brain is either interrupted or reduced. When this happens, the brain does not get enough oxygen or nutrients which cause brain cells to die. Stroke induced brain injury results from the interaction of various complex pathophysiological modalities such as excessive accumulation of excitatory amino acids, ROS, calcium overload, mitochondrial damage, neuronal cell death etc. For the last three decades animal models of cerebral ischemia were developed with the aim of identifying mechanisms that cause tissue damage and to provide the basis for the development of new therapies for stroke at a preclinical level. The three main classes of in-vivo animal models are global ischemia, focal ischemia, and micro embolism/thrombosis model. In vivo experimental models to induce stroke are either global or focal models, each of them have their own advantages and disadvantages. In order to overcome the disadvantages, in the present study, we had combined both global and focal models i.e. Common carotid artery occlusion along with 25% Fecl3 induced thrombosis. The model bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion combined with Ferric chloride Induced Thrombosis and Reperfusion (BCCAO+FIT+RE) was more successful than the other groups such as Unilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (UCCAO+RE), Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (BCCAO+RE) and Ferric chloride Induced Thrombosis (FIT) in inducing stroke.

Swine Influenza is a respiratory disease of pig caused by Type A influenza viruses. H1N1 is an Influenza A virus. Influenza viruses are able to infect humans, swine, and avian species, and swine have long been considered a potential source of new influenza viruses that can infect humans. Swine has been believed to play a vital role in interspecies transmission of influenza viruses. Influenza A causes moderate to severe illness and affects all age groups. The WHO declared the H1N1 pandemic on June 11, 2009, after more than 70 countries reported 30000 cases of H1N1 infection. In 2015 the instances of Swine Flu substantially increased to five year highs with over 10000 cases reported and 774 deaths in India. The CDC recommends real time PCR as the method of choice for diagnosing H1N1. Prevention of swine influenza has three components: prevention in swine, prevention of transmission to humans, and prevention of its spread among humans. If a person becomes sick with swine flu, antiviral drugs can make the illness milder and make the patient feel better faster. Antiviral drugs are most effective if they are started within the first 48 hours after the clinical signs begin. CDC recommends the use of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or Zanamivir (Relenza) for the treatment. In this review, a brief overview on swine flu is presented highlighting the characteristics of the causative virus, the disease and its advances made in its diagnosis, control and Treatment to be adapted in the wake of an outbreak.

Osteoarthritis of trapeziometacarpal joint (TM joint), typically presenting with pain, reproducible tenderness in the region of the TM joint, restricted the range of motion, deformation(shoulder sign) and grind test that causes repentance and pain, is relatively common and affects 50% of postmenopausal women and up to 25% of elderly men. The aim of this study was to evaluate author’s experience with arthroplasty as opposed to surgical treatment of degenerative disease of the TM joint. Authors have used Polylactic acid (PLA) braid rolled on itself AREX trapezium implant(Arex®615R) in Assuta Medical Center as part of surgical option together with trapeziectomy and arthrodesis in patients with Eaton type III-IV of TM joint osteoarthritis.Methods:12 patients (11female/1male) were operated in Assuta Medical Center between 2009and 2011.Pre-operation average DASH score were 80,4 (88-74).Following operation, the average degree of improvement in DASH score at six weeks was 32.8 (42-22), three months-20.7 (31-12) and one year- 10.6(5-13). All patients significantly improved after operation as measured with the VAS scale and DASH score. At one year follow-up allpatients were free of pain. Two patients had complication as acute-on-chronic autoimmune reaction due to PLA degradation. It appears that trapezectomy and interposition arthroplasty using AREX trapezium implant is efficacious for treatingofosteo arthritis Eaton type III-IV of TM joint.

This paper explains the strategic penetration through mergers and acquisitions in international financial large corporate in emerging countries like Mexico and the clash of European and Mexican management cultures. As a case study is taken as a basis, the merger and consolidation of the Spanish Banco Santander in Mexico, what was your strategy for fusion of Mexican banks? How was his way of governance in the country? Concluding and Banco Santander through mergers and acquisitions have become the fourth strongest banking Mexico and one of the strongest banks in the world, as part of the explanation is considered their form of governance.

The Achilles tendon is the strongest and thickest tendon in the body and plays an important role in the biomechanics of the lower extremity. It can withstand high forces during sporting exercises and excessive torsion and stretching. Achilles Tendinopathy (AT) has no pathophysiological theory and no clear understanding of the pathological process. Rest and specific exercises, NSAIDs, steroid injections and surgical treatments are currently used to treat AT. Not one of them has a dominant efficacy for any length of time. Lately, hyaluronate injections have increasingly been used for the treatment of different degenerative processes of joints and soft tissues. The authors reviewed 56 patients with insertional AT treated between 2007 and 2012. All patients were followed up for one year. Patients were divided into three groups: the first group treated by the corticosteroid injection, the second group treated by single hyaluronate injection and the third group treated by rest, splint, NSAIDs, and physiotherapy. Most patients that treated by a single hyaluronate injection showed good to excellent results for a long time in comparison with corticosteroids injections and the conservatively treated patients, according to FADI and VAS scores. In conclusion, it seems that hyaluronate injection therapy is superior to steroid therapy and non-invasive conservative treatment for insertional AT.

The oyster mushroom was cultivated from the saw under the acquired conditions. The saw was kept moistured being kept in poly bags and the temperature was maintained at 250C. The oyster mushroom so cultivated was yellowish white in colour. The mushroom was dried under suitable conditions and was powdered, and the extraction was carried out as Soxhlet extraction using ethyl acetate, ethanol and water as solvents. Every extract was analysed for the qualitative phytochemical determination and antioxidant power determined using DPPH method. Different extracts show different phytochemical contents and as per the antioxidant power is taken into consideration the IC50 Value for Ascorbic Acid is 29.98 μg/ml, Ethyl acetate extract of Oyster mushroom is 49.30 μg/ml, Ethanol extract of Oyster mushroom is 42.44 μg/ml and water extract Oyster mushroom 50.65 μg/ml. The ethanol extract showed highest antioxidant power fallowed by ethyl acetate and water extract.