Abstract: In Abu Dhabi, Emirati preservice teachers attending a teacher-training college are allocated to government elementary schools for a twelve-week internship during the fourth and final year. The preservice teachers are non-native English speakers responsible for teaching in the English language to students who are also non-native English speakers. Data from a questionnaire, interview, and samples of participants’ reflective writing from their internship portfolios were used to discuss the concerns preservice teachers had about teaching during the final internships and the importance for future practice. To analyze the data, a mixed methods approach was used. Results indicated participants’ concerns about teaching were distributed amongst four themes: (1) classroom management, (2) communication, (3) instruction, and (4) evaluation. Implications for teacher education programs are discussed as a way to address the concerns and challenges prospective teachers encounter.

In order to compete in the dynamic business environment, it is has become extremely essential for the businesses and industries to enhance their performance. To achieve this new product development is considered a vital source. Therefore, the companies are now required to focus more on the quality of the product instead of internal efficiency. Hence, more emphasis is being placed on the new product development processes that enable the firms to develop more complex products to provide paramount quality products and services to the customers. this research has analyzed the benefits as well as challenges of new product development. The researcher also examined various factors that affect new product development. A comprehensive product development constitutes of 8 steps. It has been also observed that factors such customer satisfaction, design and culture significantly influence the development of new products.

In this study, Corporate Governance was examined to ascertain its impact on the Nigeria economy using some selected organizations from the south east region of Nigeria as its case study. The sources of the data used for this research were primary and secondary data. A total population of 12,319 people was eligible to participate in this research work. Three hundred and eighty seven (387) respondents were used for this study which was determined using Yaro Yamani sampling technique. Questionnaires were administered to the respondents; all were answered, completed and returned. The descriptive method was used to analyze the data generated for the research. This was supported by tables showing questions, responses of Yes or No, and their percentages. The hypothesis was tested using general regression analysis, goodness- of-fit, descriptive statistics and correlation statistical analysis. From the findings, many respondents were of opinion that corporate organizations operations improve in many forms/ways the Nigerian economy. This means that corporate governance to a large extent impact on the Nigeria economy.

The present study was aimed to develop the high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprint profile for methanol extracts of marine red alga Spyridia. fusiformis. A HPTLC method for the separation of the active constituents in extracts have been developed and TLC of these extracts on silica gel pre-coated aluminum plates by the automatic TLC applicator and using the solvent system n-hexane: ethyl acetate (60:40 v/v) was performed. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, tannins, saponins, glycosides, phenolic compounds and flavonoids. HPTLC finger print scanned at 350 nm from methanol extractof S. fusiformis revealed 7 peaks with Rf values in the range of 0.32 to 0.92. It can be concluded that HPTLC fingerprint analysis of methanol extract of marine red alga S.fusiformis a phytochemical marker.

Quality service and customer satisfaction are major challenges faced by the banking sector in Oman. This paper aims to comparative study of the factors affecting service quality in local and foreign banks in Oman. The quality of service provided in the service sector is of utmost importance in order to sustain in a competitive market. As far banking sector in Oman is concerned, the various policies are adopted by the banks to improve the service quality that includes e- banking, Phone banking, making available CDM (Cash deposits Machines) and ATM (Automated Teller Machines), easy loans, customer care service etc. This research paper is an attitudinal study of customers of two local and foreign banks in Oman. The customer feedback is collected through structured questionnaire, based on the five points Likert scale. The parameters of servqual model have been followed to test the service quality in the banks. An attempt has been made to explore and analyze the significant factors affecting the service quality of banks in Oman by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The key findings of the study are the level of customer satisfaction of local banks is better than the foreign banks in Oman. This is because of the quality of service provided by the local bank is better than foreign banks.

The purpose of clinical crown lengthening is to increase the extent of supragingival tooth structure for restorative or esthetic purposes. The present article aims at comparing three different crown lengthening techniques. This study was conducted in department of periodontics. It included 30 patients, 15 males and 15 females. Patients were equally and randomly divided into three groups. Group I: It included 10 patients treated with gingivectomy. Group II: It included 10 patients treated with apically repositioned flap. Group III: It included 10 patients treated with surgical extrusion using periotome. Length of clinical crown, width of attached gingival and interdental papilla height was recorded preoperatively and postoperatively. There was no change in the width of attached gingiva and minimal change in the interdental papilla height between pre-operative and post-operative measurements in the crown lengthening procedure done by surgical extrusion using periotome when compared to the other conventional surgical procedures. The difference among three techniques was significant (p-0.01). Author concluded that crown lengthening using surgical extrusion technique is effective in grossly fractured teeth and in area where crown structure is less.

Globally, environmental problems have negatively impacted every area of human endeavours. Global increase in economic activities and the growing challenges generated by environmental activities have made the traditional accounting system ill-equipped to provide adequate information about the environmental activities of organizations. Conventional approaches of cost accounting have become inadequate because they have ignored important environmental costs and activities impacting consequences on the environment. Corporate neglect and avoidance of environmental costing have left a gap of financial incompleteness and absence of fair view of financial information reporting to users of financial statements and environmental regulatory agencies. The study seeks to provide a theoretical overview of accounting for social and environmental challenges and pointed out the superiority of Environmental Accounting over the Traditional Accounting in this wise, Our review showed that environmental accounting operating expenditures are not charged independently of other expenditures. There is also, absence of costing system for tracking of externality costs. Environmental accounting disclosure does not however, take the same pattern among listed companies globally. Considering the current limited exposure of many organizations to environmental accounting methodology, this study proffers an insight into new bases and design for environmental accounting. This paper posits that a lot can be done to douse environmental and social challenges and pacify those directly affected by applying palliative and preventive remedies using environmental accounting aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a tool.

Abstract: In this work, we propose and analyze a new line search method for solving unconstrained optimization problems. Actually, we combine a non-monotone strategy into a modified Wolf rule and design a new algorithm that possibly chooses a larger step length. Generally, the global convergence is analyzed under some suitable conditions.

Water („the elixir of life‟) is a basic need for life of all living organisms. Though the earth‟s water resources are abundant and renewable, 97% of water is saline and only 3% is fresh. Humans use water for 1. Agricultural, 2.Industrial, 3.Domestic, 4.Recreational and 5. Environmental activities and the vast majority of such uses require the less-abundant fresh water. As the world human population is growing and demands to support modern lifestyles are increasing, tremendous pressure is exerted on natural water resources leading to water stress and water crises. There is competition among nations and even among regions of a nation for the scarce water resources available. As agriculture accounts for an estimated 70% worldwide water use and rural India still predominantly depends on agriculture as the main source of income, suitable policies, strategies and plans to safeguard water resources need to be adopted for a sustainable and inclusive rural development. The present paper is basically a review of relevant literature. It shall: 1. focus on the world water scenario, 2. highlight the effect of water scarcity on sustainability and inclusiveness of development, 3. enumerate the available solutions for scientific and economic management of water resources and 4. elaborate the various attempts to tackle the water related problems by the Government of India with international assistance. The findings and conclusions may offer some useful hints, tips and guidance for nations of rest of the world to formulate their country-specific strategies of water management.

Abstract: Recent developments within organizations have led to the realization that recruiting talent is one of the most pressing problems since proper recruitment and selection practices enhance organizational effectiveness. Anecdotal evidence suggest alarming rates of laxity, non- performance, absenteeism and corrupt practices as some of the job performance associated with county government employees. The purpose of the research was to investigate the influence Person-Organization fit considerations on recruitment and selection process on employee performance in Kenya. A descriptive design was employed with a survey method. The target population comprised all the county employees at the level of middle, senior and above in the 47 counties in Kenya, with estimated total employees of 58,617. Employees at the junior level whose engagement may not require rigorous recruitment and election process were omitted, with the assumption that the category of employees may not be familiar with the entire process. Simple random sampling technique was used to sample the counties to be used in the study. Consequently, six counties were sampled for participation based on demographic and geographic characteristics of the county. Stratified random sampling technique was used to sample individual study respondents, numbering 224 in total distributed accordingly among the counties of study. Data was collected using questionnaire and secondary source, eliciting information as per the study objectives as well as gathering information with respect to respondent demographic profile. Using Cronbach's alpha, an index of 0.76 for the questionnaire was established. With the help of SPSS computer program, descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations, frequencies and percentages) was performed. Inferential statistics consisting of ordered regression analysis and correlation coefficient analysis were used in the analysis. The study findings pointed that person organization fit have a direct significant influence on employee performance at 5% level. This study recommends that county governments intensify efforts of accurately estimating the person-organization fit of their prospective employees during recruitment and selection process since it influences employee performance.

This paper provides empirical analysis of the impact of expansionary budget on living standard in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Relevant time series data were used from 1996 to 2015 which were collected from the Kaduna State Ministry of Budget and Economic Planning. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method was used to analyze static and log – linearized model of the data. The result of the regression analysis shows that expansionary budget which is represented by macroeconomic variables (ESE, ASE, RDE, SSE) in Kaduna State exert positive impact on standard of living. The paper therefore, recommended that the implementation mechanism of budgetary discipline should be adequately entrenched for effective implementation and as such the implementation mechanism of expansionary budget in Kaduna State should be checked for effective enhancement of the standard of living because if left unchecked it could jeopardize the entire effort of attaining the social and developmental goals.

Mahogany is ranked as one of the best known and most valuable commercial tropical timbers on the international market. These species are becoming scarcer in the wake of dwindling forest cover in Ghana with illegal logging as the major contributing factors. Since plantation species have not been used enough in the past, their kiln schedules and their drying rates are unknown. In this study kiln drying schedule for plantation grown Khaya ivorensis was developed. The testing method followed Terrazawa: 1965. Results indicate that the mildest drying conditions for the plantation species would be the initial and final temperatures of 65°C and 90°C respectively and this coincided with the temperature schedule T11. The wet bulb depression (WBD) of 5.5°C which also corresponds to WBD schedule of 5 was recorded. Madison Drying Schedule T11-B5 is therefore proposed for the plantation grown Khaya ivorensis.

The rate of cesarean deliveries has increased over a decade due to multifactorial reasons explicitly; decrease in vaginal births after cesarean (VBAC), multiple gestation, maternal obesity, pre-term labor, gestational diabetes or hypertension, increased number of high-risk expectant mothers and the obstetrical medico-legal environment. Delivery of the fetal head at the cesarean section can sometimes be a cumbersome procedure and may result in maternal or fetal complications. The fetal vacuum extractor enables traction to be applied to the fetal head, in the birth canal, by means of a suction cup that is powered by an external vacuum source. To investigate the benefits and limitations of soft cup vacuum extractor on the fetal scalp during the cesarean section. This study was conducted on 88 full term pregnant women undergoing cesarean section at Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepalgunj, Nepal. All patients were between 37 and 41 weeks of pregnancy with signs of healthy fetus and were divided into 2 groups; Group A- 42 patients subjected to vacuum extraction at the cesarean section, Group B- 46 patients subjected to the conventional cesarean method. The interval between the final uterine incision and complete delivery (U-D interval) and the Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes after birth were evaluated. The data was statistically analyzed. In Group A, 24 (57.1%) women out of 42 and in Group B, 26 (56.5%) out of 46 were primagravida. Nine (21.4%) out of 42 women in Group A and 13 (28.3%) out of 46 women in Group B had a previous history of cesarean section. Lateral extension in uterine incisions was seen in 3 cases (7.1%) in Group A and 6 cases (13.0%) in Group B. The duration of scalp traction for Group A and Group B subjects were 32±3 sec and 48±16 sec respectively. The birth weight of the babies delivered in Group A and Group B were 3.08±0.47 and 3.07±0.46 respectively. The gestational age of the babies in Group A and B were 39.1±1.09 and 38.9±1.10 weeks. The initial Apgar score for Group A and Group B were 5.67±1 and 5.83±1.20. U-D interval for Group A and Group B were 75.6±9.02 and 43.5±8.6 respectively. It was found that the use of vacuum extractor is an easy, non traumatic and rapid method which abates the need of rough and prolonged fundal compression and its consequences and significantly fewer maternal complications

A simple, novel and suitable method has been developed for the one step synthesis series of 3-substituted imino- 5-[2-isobutoxy-5-(4-methyl-5-carboxy-1,3-thiazo-2-yl)-phenylformamidino]-amino-1,2,4-dithiazoles(VIa-f)was carried out by oxidative cyclisation of 2-(3-substituted-2,4-dithiobiureto-formamidino-4-isobutoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-carboxy- 1,3-thiazoles (Va-f) by making use of liquid bromine in chloroform medium as an oxidative cyclising agent.

The importance of leadership cannot be underestimated for any type of organization, and much research has shown the essentiality of the component of emotional intelligence for effective leadership. Organizational culture is shaped by such crucial elements of the organization, which manage not just the resources, but essentially the human resources of the organization. The study aims at assessing the impact of leadership styles, emotional intelligence of leaders and organizational culture on organizational performance. The study adopts a descriptive research design, to explore the relationships between the variables under study, and outline their influence on the overall performance of the firm. The study supports the claim that leadership styles and emotional intelligence have a significant impact on the organizational culture, which further impacts the organizational performance. Moreover, a significant relationship between leadership styles and emotional intelligence is also found valid. Thus, the recognition of such relationships at work is critical for managers and leaders, of any sphere, of any kind/size of firms. The present research serves useful to leaders, managers, HR professionals, administration, and anybody interested in the sphere of improving organizational performance.