Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing at an alarming rate both nationally and worldwide, there is increased evidence in correlation between vitaminD(vitD),calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, altered vitamin D and calcium homeostasis may play role in the development of type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) this study aimed to evaluate calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in vit D deficient T2DM. A cross-sectional study Was Conducted in Khartoum state, 120 type2 diabetic patients enrolled, aged between 25-80 years, then classified in to two groups based on vitamin D level (<30 ng/ml represent study group (deficient),while >30ng/ml represent control),Anthropometrics parameters (age, gender, and body mass index),diabetes duration were examined.Glucose,25hydroxyvitamin(25-OHVitD), calcium, phosphorus and magnesium level was measured. Prevalence of type 2 DM and BMI>26.5 more frequent in females (63%, 77.60%) respectively compared to males (37%, 65.90%).Diabetic females have highly vitD deficiency compared to males (75% vs. 45.45%),study showed correlation between vitD, calcium and magnesium (r =0.2365,0.4467) respectively and inversely correlated with phosphorus (r=0.4467), although there was no different in mean of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium between two group (blood glucose<180 mg/dl and blood glucose>180mg/dl)P-value <0.05. our preliminary findings conclude calcium, magnesium and phosphate are essential nutrients in vitamin D deficient T2DM patients.

Abstract: This study examines the determinant of dividend payout in the Nigerian banking industry over the period 2004-2013. The study used five sample banks out of fourteen banks quoted on the floor of the Nigerian stock Exchange as at December 2012. Secondary data were used for the research work and the data were obtained from Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) fact book 2011/2012. The variables used were dividend payout, profitability, liquidity, Size and financial leverage. The data collected was analyzed using multiple regression and Pearson correlation. The finding revealed that profitability, liquidity, size and leverage proved to be the determinant of dividend payout of banks in Nigeria, while liquidity and profitability are the most critical factors determining dividend payout of banks in Nigeria. It is recommended that Banks should try all their best in improving their liquidity position since it has greater influence.

Abstract: This study examined the effect of home background, environmental factors, emotional intelligence and peer influence on students’ academic performance. For the successful execution of this research work, primary data via self-administered questionnaires was employed. These were administered to 150 randomly selected secondary school students (male and female) in Abeokuta metropolis of Ogun State vis-à-vis stratified and simple random sampling technique. Data collected were analysed electronically using SPSS 21. The analysis techniques employed were Percentages, Multiple Regression, Correlation Matrix and Coefficient of Determination. Results from the analysis revealed that home background, environmental factors and emotional intelligence have positive effect on students’ academic performance while peer influence has negative effect on students’ academic performance. However, of the three positive effects from home background, environmental factors and emotional intelligence, only the positive effects from environmental factors and emotional intelligence is statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Home background exerts insignificant effects on students’ academic performance. The negative effect of peer influenceis statistically significant on students’ academic performance.In terms of magnitude of effect, emotional intelligence has the most effect on students’ academic performance followed by environmental factors, home background and peer influence.The regression ANOVA indicates that the effects of home background, environmental factors, emotional intelligence and peer influence are jointly significant on students’ academic performance. In addition, home background, environmental factors, emotional intelligence and peer influencecontribute to approximately 30.9% of the variation in students’ academic performance. The multiple correlation coefficient value of 0.556 indicates that there is an average positive but imperfect relationship between the regressand (academic performance) and the regressors (home background, environmental factor, emotional intelligence and peer influence).

Abstract: The binary quadratic equation representing the hyperbola is analyzed for its distinct integer solutions. A few properties among the solutions are presented Employing the integral solutions of the quadratic equation under consideration, a special Pythagorean triangle is obtained.

Abstract: Metal clusters at zero oxidation sate are found to have very good applications in medical and bio-medical field of research including drug designing. Very recently organometallic carbonyl clusters of group 8 elements are tested as very good contrast agent for photoacoustic spectroscopy based live cell imaging. Quantum computation based investigation is initiated by Bag and Ghorai to improve contrast behavior of this class of compounds. In this article I have presented the efficiency of glucose modified bicyclophosphite derivative of tri-ruthenium carbonyl clusters as photoacoustic contrast agent. I have studied the effect of number of substitutions. In my calculation solvent effect is also included.

Abstract: Second Language Teaching in classroom situation is a challenging task for the second language teacher. The teacher has to make hectic effort to generate the four fundamental language skills among the learners in a heterogeneous classroom situation. Traditionally in the Indian situation the teacher is inclined to practice the Grammar Translation Method which is known as the Traditional Method to develop competencies among the learners. But the learners belonging to varied levels of capability cannot be made equally competent through this method that makes use of grammar rules and translation device in teaching English in the classroom situations. On the contrary, if teaching situation is manipulated through Functional Communicative Approach, second language learning happens to be a joyful experience so that the learners get motivated to be associated in the language process. The present Study is an attempt to explore experimentally the comparative effectiveness of the Traditional Method of teaching and teaching with Communicative Approach in the second language classroom situation.

Abstract: In this paper, a new non-monotone conic trust region method with fixed step-size based on conic models for solving unconstrained optimization problem is proposed. Unlike the traditional trust region methods, the sub-problem of our new algorithm is the conic minimization sub-problem. Moreover, we use the fixed step-size to obtain a new point when the trial step is not accepted. Theoretical analysis indicates that the new method preserves the global convergence under suitable conditions.

Abstract: Use of diode laser for the management of soft tissue procedure make both periodontists and patients more comfortable during treatment , due to minimally invasive, ease of use, relativelly lack of pain and provide blood less field during surgical procedure because diode laser have hemostatic properties, when compared with conventional technique.

Abstract: Quality Management is a management philosophy which focuses on the work process and people, with the major concern for satisfying customers and improving the organizational performance. The role of TVET in furnishing skills required to improve productivity, raise income levels and improve access to employment opportunities has been widely recognized. Association of Caribbean tertiary institutions carried out a study on collaborations and recommended that investigations on effect of quality management systems in those institutions are important. The study was undertaken to determine the effects of training and Development and Quality Management on organizational performance in Tertiary Institutions. The study used a survey research design so as to carry out an in depth study of the Tertiary Institutions in order to come up with the relevant data for analysis. The study targeted a population of 180 employees of Nyeri Technical Training Institute. Stratified random sampling was used to select a sample of 54 respondents. The data was collected using questionnaires and an interview schedule. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Chi-square co-efficient was used to establish relationships. Graphs, tables and pie charts were used to present frequencies and percentages. Majority (63%) of the participants disagreed that NTTI frequently organizes training and development sessions. Half (50%) of the respondents in the study disagreed that operations at NTTI are computerized. The study found that training (p=0.00) and information technology (p=0.048) were statistically significant at 95% confidence level. It was concluded that poor organization performance of NTTI was affected by lack of lack of training and development and poor utilization of information technology. The study recommended that management of NTTI should ensure that as much as possible employees are provided with training.

Abstract: Media can be regarded as an important arena through which common people get an opportunity to vent their grievances more so in the recent times. Media has also emerged as a realm which very often indulges in the process of creation of ‘power’ as Foucault has hinted in his understanding of ‘micro forms of power’. For Foucault, power is dispersed across various layers and structures and is not be found in any static locus. Power according to Foucault is not possessed by a dominant agent, but it is distributed through complex social networks. Taking Foucault’s understanding in mind one can throw light on the role played by media in modern times in terms of advocacy and agenda setting and thereby normalizing people to accept the dominant culture (and lifestyle) and marginalizing those who don’t adhere to the socially set norms. Thereby this paper while taking into the analysis of thinkers like Foucault, Habermas, Chomsky, Gramsci and Baudrillard will try to understand the process of ‘creation of power’ by the media more so in the Indian context which often leads to discrimination and subjugation of certain sections of the society (LGBT community is taken as a case for analysis). The paper also brings in the concepts of ‘self’ and ‘other’ to study this discrimination. Further the concept of radical media is brought to the fore to show that not every form of media practise discrimination but they themselves can sometimes be used as a weapon to fight discrimination.

Abstract: Performance contract is a management tool for measuring freely negotiated performance targets between institutions management and the Government. Performance Contracts have been used in many enterprises in the world. Performance contract was introduced by the Government of Kenya to ensure delivery of quality service to the public as well tertiary institutions also known as TIVET institutions. The purpose of this study was to carryout assessment on the effects of financial resources on the implementation of performance contract in Tertiary institutions in Meru County. The specific objectives of the study were: to determine the effects of financial resources on implementation of performance contract in tertiary institutions in Meru County andto establish the effect of structures on implementation of performance contract in tertiary institutions in Meru County. The study adopted a survey research design and stratified sampling technique was used to draw a sample size of 63 from a population of 76 employees of tertiary institutions in Meru County. Data was collected using a questionnaire and the interviews. Data analysis was done using SPSS software; correlation coefficients were used to determine the nature of the relationship between the dependent variable and independent variables. Chi-square analysis will be done to test significance of variables. The findings were presented in tables and figures. The study of the findings were considered important for gathering information for managerial policy decision making that enabled the managers understand the positive approaches towards performance contracting as a management tool for improving performance in tertiary learning institutions which has continuous benefits to the long-term development. The findings of this study were; financial resources affected implementation of performance contract in tertiary institutions to a very great extent. Also there is a significant relationship between financial resource and implementation of performance contract in tertiary institutions to a very great extent {r(63) = 0. 78, p <0.05}. There is a strong positive relationship between structure of PC and implementation of performance contract {r(63) = 0.63,p <0.05}. Based on the findings the study recommended that the Government should release financial resources in good time to enable the officers implement performance contracting. This will help them to meet their targets in good time and the institutions should continually monitor and evaluate the managers so as to ensure that they follow the correct performance contracting procedures.

Abstract: Children, the leaders of tomorrow, are usually the hope and aspiration of every society. Hence, the literature which enhances the education especially the writing and readership skills of children need to be explored and encouraged. The paper x-ray child literature and the challenges of its teaching and readership in Nigeria. Also, the relevance children literature to the society in question is brought to light. The paper concludes that children literature education and readership help in developing and shaping the personality of the child in the society.

Abstract: Anthelmintics derived from plant source can be an answer to this world wide problem as they form secure and non-toxic with a modified site of action. Ocimum sanctum Linn known as Tulsi in India is a sacred plant for hindus known from centuries and being used in Ayurveda for its varied healing properties belonging to the Labiateae family. To this purpose we have studied in vitro antihelminthic activity of osmium in comparison with albendazole. The leaves of Ocimum sanctum was taken from the Institute staff quarter’s garden, which was endorsed by certified Taxonomist. The study was done using earth worms’ adult type due to their anatomical resemblance with the intestinal roundworm parasites of humans. The suspension of aqueous extract of leaves of Ocimum sanctum Linn, concentration 100 mg/ml was prepared. Albendazole was used as standard reference drug and its 20 mg/ml concentration was prepared by as per the prescribed method. The anthelmintic activity was performed according to standard screening methods. Aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum took145±14 minutes to paralyze and 223+11 minutes to death of the worm, whereas Albendazole took 92±18 minutes to paralyse and 165±17 minutes to death of the worm with significant (P<0.05) value. Aqueous extract is more potent than control (NS) and lesser antihelmintic acvitity than albendazole. Time to paralysis and consequent death were significantly higher in aqueous extract of Ocimum that of Albendazole at same concentrations. Aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn is more potent than control (NS) and lesser antihelmintic acvitity than albendazole. Time to paralysis and consequent death were significantly higher in aqueous extract of Ocimum that of Albendazole at same concentrations.

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder defined by erosive symmetrical poloarthropathy. It affects joints of hand and feet and also affects other organs. There has been a great deal of progress in the management of rheumatoid arthritis.Perioperative management of these patients is challenging.the anaesthesiologist must be aware of recent developments and potential risk of this multisystem disease.