Oral submucous fibrosis has a high rate of morbidity because it causes a progressive inability to open the mouth, resulting in difficulty in eating and consequent nutritional deficiencies. Oral submucous fibrosis also has a significant mortality rate because it is a premalignant condition and malignant transformation has been noticed. Here, we report the role of collagen membrane in surgical management of OSMF Grade-IV.

Ocular drug delivery is challenging field to pharmaceutical scientists owing to the underlying anatomical, physiological and dynamic constraints put forth by the eye. Nonetheless, there is increasing need to overcome these barriers for the treatment of sight threatening ophthalmic ailments. Novel drug delivery strategies are being explored while intravitreal injections are still a standard treatment for the efficient treatment of ocular disorders. Topical ophthalmic in situ gels could be viable platform to increase mucoadhesivity, pre-corneal residence and thereby ocular bioavailability of drugs. In this review, various topical in situ gel formulations exploited for ocular delivery are summarized.

The rapid development of urbanization has brought about increasingly prominent ecological contradictions. Nowadays, flood has become a new urban disease in China's major cities, while storm water management turns to be a top priority for all levels of government. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued a "sponge city construction technology guide" in November 2014. April 2016, Ningbo was successfully selected as the second batch of national sponge city construction pilot cities. The author investigates the current situation of Ningbo city planning, program construction as well as supervision and protection approach, according to the existing problem on organizational management, retrofit of old industrial area, and the utilization of capital in the construction process of Ningbo sponge city, combined with the relevant experience of domestic demonstration work and the city case, the author puts forward some corresponding recommendations.

Increasing problem of resistance to conventional antibiotics has initiated an alarming situation for entire world and hence there exist an immediate need to explore better alternatives for combating resistance. This exploration of substitutes led to discovery of bacteriocins which are considered as natural antimicrobial agents. Bacteriocins are proteinaceous substances ribosomally synthesized from certain bacteria. Bacteriocins producing bacteria include both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Bacteriocins have been classified in various classes on the basis of amino acids present, producer bacteria, and molecular masses. There are four classes of bacteriocins produced from gram positive bacteria and two classes produced from gram negative bacteria. Bacteriocins exhibit all four mechanisms of microbial inactivation used by conventional antibiotics which are inhibition of cell wall synthesis, disruption of membrane structure and integrity, interference in protein and DNA synthesis. In addition to these conventional drug targets, bacteriocins show novel mechanism of septum formation which results in termination of cell cycle. Bacteriocins have shown a wide range of applications in pharmaceutical industry as an excellent drug for multidrug resistant bacteria as well as against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). They have also displayed inhibitory effects against peptic ulcer causing H.pylori and skin infections causing gram positive bacteria. They possess antimicrobial activity not only against bacteria but viruses and fungi are also susceptible to bacteriocins.

Forensic dental fieldwork requires an interdisciplinary knowledge of dental science. Barr bodies are known to arise from inactivation of x- chromosome in a female cell, so it also has been used as a reliable method for sex determination. The objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability and accuracy Buccal Barr bodies for sex determination. The study was conducted on 100 subjects, (50 males and 50 females) with an age range of 20 to 36 years. The method was applied on each subject and the data was collected. After obtaining the data it was coded, analysed, decoded, interpreted and statistically analysed. The sensitivity and specificity of buccal barr bodies was found to be 24% and 84% respectively with an accuracy of 54%. It is concluded that buccal Barr bodies have the accuracy (54%). Hence it can be one of the reliable parameter but more studies are required to justify role in forensic odontology for sex determination, but certain circumstances like delay in sample staining, storage incapability can alter the results. Hence, more samples with accurate sample collection and storage technique can provide better results.

The aim of the article is to describe the relationship between Europe and Islam based on the analysis of economic, cultural and social factors, including demographic changes in Europe and in the Muslim countries. This article was developeSaudi J. Humanities Soc. Sci.d due to the use of mainly qualitative research, particularly on the basis of the analysis of sources and desk research, as well as on the results of own studies on the change of value systems among the young generation of the Arabs. The entire article was adhered to the thesis on the inevitability of the civilization conflict that we are witnessing in the reality of the migration crisis, and also in the age of ‘dying’ Western civilization.

Artificial denture ingestion is a multidisciplinary problem. Not only artificial but fixed dentures are also at high risk of ingestion or aspiration in case of their spontaneous or traumatic dislodgement. Clinical presentation of denture ingestion varies with the site of impaction and its associated complications with passage. It is an uncommon problem requiring awareness of many specialists including dentists, surgeons, otolaryngologists and anesthesists. Complications include obstruction, bleeding, perforation fistulae with neighbour organs. Here a patient presented to casualty with symptoms of sub-acute intestinal obstruction after alleged history of artificial denture ingestion. Patient was operated and denture was retrieved from transverse colon.

The six sigma methodology is most powerful quality improvement technique which is used for achieving, maintaining and maximizing the business success. Six sigma is based on understanding the customer needs and expectation. This study mainly focused on six sigma quality philosophy and other related philosophy that is implemented in these studies to identify the rejection problem which are facing by a manufacturing industry. The six sigma philosophy provides a step-wise quality improvement methodology in which statistical techniques is used for check the changes in the process.

Let a simple graph G is a connected graph. The General Randic Index GR(G) of a graph G is defined as GR(G) = ∑ (�u �v )t ; uv E(G) where �u and �v are the degree of vertices u and v. If t = ,then it is called Randic index which is defined as:- uv E(G) R(G) =∑ √ In this paper, we construct the Randic and General Randic Indcies of Alkanes and unicyclic graphs with application to cycloalkanes.

Over the course of time, dentistry has evolved from a primitive form of dental care to modern day use of preventive treatment modalities. In today’s modern dentistry with the availability of various new obturating materials, it was interesting to accidently diagnose the root canal being obturated with stainless steel wire. Here, we report a unique case where the root canal of a 10 year male patient was obturated with stainless steel wire following which the patient developed persistent pain and infection.

Worried by the seemingly unending plight of retirees after years of active service to their father land, the Federal Government of Nigeria began tinkering on elderly entrepreneurship as a sure way out. Certain critical factors, worth empirical investigation are important to successfully transit from a retiree to entrepreneur state. Adopting the survey design, this study ascertained the major precursors of successful transition from paid employment to selfemployment in Nigeria. Relevant primary data were obtained through the use of structured questionnaire. This was administered on one thousand three hundred and twenty-two (1,322) civil service retirees during their annual pension claim verification exercise. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and multiple regression were used to delineate the precursory factors and analyse their relationship with retiree entrepreneurial success. We found statistical evidence that post-retirement entrepreneurship success is significantly influenced by seven out of the twelve success factors evaluated. These included gratuity payment, positive peer attitude, and family size. The study has policy implication.

Most common ovarian germ cell tumors are mature cystic teratomas (MCTs), comprising 10 to 25 percent of all ovarian neoplasms. MCTs are usually benign in nature but have the potential of undergoing malignant transformation, typically in postmenopausal women, with an incidence of 0.17 to 3 percent. The most common malignant tumor arising in MCT is a squamous cell carcinoma. We present an unusual clinical entity in a 56 year old woman of a squamous cell carcinoma arising within a mature cystic teratoma.

The aim of the paper is to focus on the redistribution of social orders through identity consciousness of the traditional lower strata of the society during 20th century. Status groups in a conservative society will never compromise with a low position than traditionally ascribed and they strive by all means to improve their existing status. The research methodology adopted is a combination of analytical, historical and sociological. The sources both primary and secondary. The primary sources include archival sources, epigraphical evidences, native newspapers reports and government reports both published and unpublished. The secondary sources include books, journals and newspapers.

In order to meet with the requirement of the campus shopping, we put forward the design of campus logistics service platform to serve students’ shopping. In the platform the campus service provider put their sale of foods on the system to meet the students and the students can select and buy their foods by the service platform. Meanwhile, the distribution system formed by the provider and the student of the logistics supply chain and can be complemented by campus logistics distribution. By the platform campus logistics service can meet the commercial requirement of students and businesses.

The first geometric–arithmetic index is found to be useful in compute the numerical value of certain graphs and chemical graphs, which is defined as ∑ ( ) √ . We denotes d_uthe degree of vertexuinG.In this paper,we present the general formula for the first geometric-Arithmetic Index for certain graphs and k_r-gluing graphs.