RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
A Comparative Study on the Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Leaf Extracts of Chrysophyllum albidum and Irvingia gabonensis
Osebhahiemen Ojemekele, Francis Irabor, Osamudiamen Ebohon, Ehimwenma S. Omoregie
Page no 58-64 |
10.21276/haya
Chrysophyllum albidum and Irvingia gabonensis have been reported to possess several medicinal values. Most
studies on these plants have focused on the fruits rather than the leaves. The present study therefore, evaluated the
phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant activity of methanol leaf extracts of Chrysophyllum albidum and
Irvingia gabonensis. Photochemical screening was carried on the plant samples using established protocols.The results of
the phytochemical screening of both extracts revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids and
tannins. Terpenoids and cardiac glycosides were below detectable levels in both extracts. Irvingia gabonensis extract
showed significantly higher (p<0.05) levels of total phenol, total flavonoid and total tannin than the Chrysophyllum
albidum extract. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the proanthocyanidin content of both plant
extracts. Irvingia gabonensis extract had a significantly higher (p<0.05) ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP)
value and was a better 1,1–diphenyl–2–picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenger than Chrysophyllum albidum extract.
The results of the study revealed that extract of Irvingia gabonensis had more phytochemicals and consequently,
possessed higher antioxidant activity than Chrysophyllum albidum extract.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Evaluation of the Effect of Coconut Oil (Cocos nucifera) on Some Biochemical Parameters in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats
Mohammed A, Luka CD, Gyang SD, Ngwen AL
Page no 318-322 |
10.36348/sjmps.2017.v03i04.015
Diabetes mellitus is among the major global public health problems and its prevalence is currently increasing at an alarming rate. According to the International Diabetes Federation, about 366 million people are living with diabetes and this figure is projected to increase to 552 million by the year 2030. The study investigated the effect of oral administration of aqueous extract of coconut oil on blood glucose, total protein, kidney function indices, liver function indices, and lipid profile levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract was administered orally at a dose of 400mg/kg body weight to both normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Twenty adult male rats were divided into four groups of five rats each, two groups were made diabetic and the other two groups were non diabetic. One of the diabetic groups was treated with the extract and the other serves as control. The alloxan was administered intraperitoneal at a dose of 120mg/kg per body weight. The administration of the extract lasted for 21 days. Effect of the extract on blood glucose, total protein, albumin, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high density lipoprotein concentrations were analyzed. The toxic effect of the extract was determined using biochemical enzyme markers. Treatment with the extract showed significantly (p<0.05) reduction in elevated blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, and proteins and other biochemical parameters associated with alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The extract possesses no toxic effect as indicated by the lowering of ALP and ALT levels and may be used for the management of diabetes mellitus
RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Typology of Cattle Herds in Transhumance in the Municipality of Djidja in Southern Benin
Azalou Maximilien, Assani S. Alassan, Alkoiret T. Ibrahim
Page no 65-72 |
10.21276/haya
Dryland herders traditionally move to the wettest areas including southern Benin in search of pasture and
water to ensure the survival of their livestock. The main objective is to characterize the cattle herds in transhumance in
the municipality of Djidja in Southern of Benin. Inquiry data has been collected through semi-structured interviews of 61
cattle herds with a total of 4,772 heads. Using the methods of factorial analysis of multiple correspondences (FAMC) and
ascending hierarchical classification (AHC), a typology of three types of transhumant cattle herds were established. The
cattle herds of type 1 have carried out cross-border transhumance and mostly consist of Hausa (75.7%) from Nigeria.
They are led by herdsmen whose average age was 26 ± 5 years. They had a high size (102 ± 33 heads) and taking part in
decisions-making with the herds’ managers. The type 2 had in transhumance in the municipality outside of its home area.
This was mostly consisting of two to three relatively young Fulani herdsmen (24 ± 4 years) and mostly of herds’
managers. They were not involved in decision-making. These herds had an average size of 80 ± 28 head. The cattle herd
of type 3 has been in transhumance in the municipality since more than one year. They are led by young herdsmen (25 ±
3 years) relative to herds’ managers. These herds have led by one or two herdsmen with a low rate of (53 ± 24 heads)
with Borgou race in majority. The typology implementation will allow us to analyze the different transhumance
management modes in the municipality of Djidja.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
"The Importance of Training Programs in the Improvement of the Performance of Employees In The Petroleum Companies"- Case of Sonatrach Company - The Regional Directorate of BERKAOUI (Ouargla- Algeria)
ALLAOUI mohammed elhassen, OUDDANE Bachir, TIDJANI chemseddine
Page no 407-414 |
10.21276/sjbms
The training of the workers in the enterprises allows the development in the skills and knowledge of the
employees. As the other Enterprises, the training programs in the petroleum companies got a great importance, which
became more cleared through this study. Through the case study on Sonatrach subsidiary employees, and based on selfquestionnaire our paper aims to analyze the training programs contribution in the improvement of the unit productivity
level, and on the upgrading of the profitability and efficiency of the workers. Nevertheless, the importance of the training
contribution appears undoubtedly in minimizing the lost days caused by the work accidents, which is a huge costs
organization must cover Although the luck in decreasing in the rates of this accidents.
REVIEW ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Transhumance and protected areas in West Africa: State of play and Management mechanisms review
ASSANI S. Alassan, ALKOIRET T. Ibrahim, HOUINATO Marcel
Page no 73-80 |
10.21276/haya
Protected areas are increasingly frequented by transhumant cattle herds. This phenomenon has grown in recent
decades in West Africa. In order to make a state of play of the use of areas protected by cattle herds, through its history,
the causes of their presence and the consequences on natural resources and propose mechanisms for managing
transhumance in protected areas, a bibliographical review of scientific work carried out in this direction has been made.
It shows that the search for pastoral resources during the drought has been the basis for the entry of transhumant herders
into these protected areas. From an ecological point of view, the debate is between those who claim that livestock is in
direct competition with wildlife for access to forage resources and those suggesting that livestock and wildlife interact
through a complex combination of competition / facilitation depending on the season and abundance of resources. The
mode of management of transhumance in West African forests depends on the category of protected areas. Some
protected areas have opted for strict management and others for concerted management. This is the case for Park W,
which, through the regional project (ECOPAS) has developed a common strategy for the management of transhumance
in this protected area. Despite these various proposals, the protected areas of West Africa continue to suffer pastoral
pressure. It is then necessary to propose a sustainable management mode which will make it possible to make judicious
use of the pastoral resources of these protected areas without compromising their biodiversity.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Customer’s Awareness and Attitude Towards Interest Under Islamic Law and Shari’ah-Case of People’s of Zanzibar
Ali Othman Abbas, Hamad Shuweikha Hassan
Page no 399-406 |
10.21276/sjbms
The main aim of this study was to determine the influence of consumers‟ awareness and attitude toward
interest under Islamic law and Shari‟ah. The study used a target population of peoples of Zanzibar which was a majority
Muslim by 99 percent. A descriptive design was adopted in this study for data collection. The descriptive design allows
the description of the state of affairs as it exists and draws respondents‟ opinions and views on the influence of the
consumer awareness toward prohibited of interest in Islam. The study found out that 68.9 percent of the respondents were
aware the interest is one of the dangerous weapons to exploit and extort the poor and needy. We recommended that in
order achieve certain economic and social goals, central banks have intervened in the determination of the rate of interest
and establish of an interest free banking system because the most important portion of the wealth of a country is captured
by a few rich peoples through interest.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Mandibular Fractures in Kashmiri Population
Dr. Altaf Hussain Malik, Ajaz A Shah
Page no 98-101 |
10.21276/sjodr
Maxillofacial injuries of which mandible fractures is a common phenomenon are very common now due to
increased traffic, alcoholism and have a significant functional, anatomic and aesthetic impact on facial region. The aim of
the study was to study the pattern of mandibular fractures in Kashmiri population. A prospective study was carried out
which included 240 patients to study the etiology, gender distribution and type of mandible fracture present in
maxillofacial region in a Kashmiri population. The showed that 73.3 % were males and 26.7% were females ,about
62.9% had suffered fracture due to RTA, followed by13.7% due to falls and 17.9% by assault .About 53.7% of patients
had mandible fractures, of which 20.9% times it was parasympheseal fractures. The study establishes that mandibular
fractures are very common in Kashmir in maxillofacial region due to road traffic accidents.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Employee Engagement on Employee Relations with Supervisor and Employee Performance Relationship in Developing Economy: Critical Analysis with PLSSEM
Shaheen Ahmed, Dr. Fais Bin Ahmad, Dr. Abdul Rahman Jaaffar
Page no 389-398 |
10.21276/sjbms
Performance of employee brings organization’s achievements in the business world where rivalry among the
organizations is very common. In this connection, the academicians and practitioners do struggle to reach a conclusion
about the determinants of employee performance. As a result, the study endeavors to develop a structural equation model
with the help of PLS technique in determining the relationship among employee relations with supervisor, employee
engagement, and employee performance in the context of developing country. The opinions of 392 employees have been
collected through survey method who works in the ready-made garment industry in Bangladesh. The findings of the
study revealed that employee relations with supervisor have influence on employee performance and employee
engagement; and employee engagement mediates employee relations and employee performance relationship. Therefore,
the model is expected to be used in the developing context as a method for increasing employee performance.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Health of Secondary School Teachers in Malaysia: School Culture as a Moderator
Anantha Raj A. Arokiasamy
Page no 328-335 |
10.21276/sjhss
This study aimed to determine the level of transformational leadership practices by school principals in the
national secondary schools in the state of Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. The four dimensions of transformational leadership
studied were vision identification, modeling, goal acceptance and individual support. The study also looks at the level of
organizational health as well as the relationship with the practice of transformational leadership by the national secondary
school principals’. The respondents consisted of 226 teachers employed in 16 national secondary schools in the state of
Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Descriptive analysis and inferential
analysis were used to analyze the influence of the relationship. The study found that school culture functions as a
moderator in the relationship between the transformational leadership style of school principals’ and the organizational
health of the secondary school teachers’ in the state of Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. In addition, school culture as a moderator
in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational health is a new discovery in the field of
leadership. This is because the organizational health of secondary schools has never been investigated by local
researchers. Most previous studies have highlighted transformational leadership and school culture has a direct influence
on school improvement.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Factors Affecting the Selection of Tour Destination in Jordan: An Empirical Analysis
Dr. Khaled Adas, Dr. Saeda Afaneh, Dr. Salim Khanfar
Page no 415-423 |
10.21276/sjbms
Although multifaceted problems are causing the frustrating scenario of the country’s tourism sector, Jordan
has the potentials to develop its tourism sector and earn huge foreign currency and generate employment opportunities
like the neighbouring countries, such as The Holy Lands, Egypt and Turkey who attract substantial number of tourists
every year and thus generates huge amount of foreign currencies. The paper looks at different preferences of the tourist
and examines the tour intention in selecting different tour destination. The study utilizes both exploratory and empirical
research approach. The study collects data through interview with a structured self-administered questionnaire from 165
tourists, in utilizing convenient sampling technique. A multiple regression model was estimated to examine the effects of
different factors on the tourists tour intention where nine factors related to different aspects of tourism such as service
quality, natural beauty, known destination, convenient lodging, adventure, security, effective and efficient transportation,
safe and quality food and shopping facility were used as indigenous variables where tour intention was used as
exogenous variable of the model. The regression result shows that Service quality, Natural Beauty, Security and
Shopping Facility are statistically significant indicating 24.6% of the variation in explaining the intention to select a tour
destination in Jordan. The study outlines some policy implications.
CASE REPORT | April 30, 2017
Multifocal Langerhansian Cell Histocytosis: About O Three Cases
Aich F, Elkhiyat M, Benbella I, Taghouti A, Bennani Z, Amhaouch Z, Bouchareb Z, Tlemçani I, Amrani M
Page no 134-136 |
10.21276/sjpm
Langerhans histiocytosis is a rare multi-systemic disease defined by the accumulation of Langerhans cells in
the various organs of the human body, it predominates in children. Different localizations are described, Including the
hematological localization characterized by the presence of histiocytes cell in the bone marrow. The aim of this work is
to show the interest of the medullogram in the diagnosis of histiocytosis. We report 3 cases of Multifocal langerhanstic
histiocytosis diagnosed in the hematology department in the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez. The diagnosis of
Langerhans' histiocytosis was retained on clinical, cytological and anatomopathological criteria.
REVIEW ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Big Data Environment & Communication Management (A statistical analysis for large projects)
Suhail Memon, Wang Changfeng, Shahid Rasheed, Zulfiqar Hussain Pathan, Muhammad Zahid Tunio
Page no 455-467 |
10.21276/sjbms
Project communication can be defined as the exchange of information aiming to instill knowledge among the
stakeholders, thus acting as a binding force which connects many stakeholders of the conceived project and its
environment in addition to coupling its activities during the development and execution of the project. Project
Communication Management is highly concerned with technology as growing ways of communication are rapidly
increasing in the global business world. This research is about understanding the relationship of communication
management with Big Data (BD). This research assesses the level of awareness of communication management
professionals regarding BD technologies and analyzes the contribution of different factors responsible for the rate of
adoption of BD technologies in order to manage communication in large projects.
CASE REPORT | April 30, 2017
Impacted Mandibular Third Molar in Ramus: A Rare Presentation
Nouf Haif Alsubeaie, Areeg Zakari, Ghadeer Ahmed Al Mughlis, Mahmoud Almasrahi, Fareedi Mukram Ali
Page no 91-92 |
10.21276/sjodr
Mandibular third molars were found to be the common impacted tooth, but the ectopic eruption of the third
molar is uncommon. The etiology and other information of these teeth were not completely clarified. The present article
reports a case of an ectopically impacted left mandibular third molar in the ramus of the mandible.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Quality of Life and Psychological Distress among Residents of Government Run Old Age Homes in Delhi
Raj Kumar, S V Adhish, Sujata Satapathy
Page no 300-305 |
10.36348/sjmps.2017.v03i04.012
World is ageing as an obvious consequence of the process of demographic transition and it is happening fastest in the developing world. Simultaneous disintegration of joint family system and changing social values, often obligate the elderly segment of society to live alone or in old age homes which make them increasingly vulnerable to mental health problems and other undesirable effects influencing their quality of life. The study aims to investigate the factors of psychological distress and quality of life among inhabitants of old age homes in Delhi. The cross-sectional study was undertaken in four government administered old age homes (OAHs)) in Delhi. 2 of these were free stay and other 2 being pay and stay OAHs. In all 148 subjects of both sexes and aged 60-85 years constituted study sample. Study tool included a semi structured proforma to assess Sociodemographic profile; WHOQOL-BREF scale and K-10 scale were used for QOL and psychological distress respectively. 2/3rd OAH inhabitants were female and rest 1/3rd being male. WHOQOL-BREF domain scores were higher in pay/stay homes as compared to free stay homes, furthermore all 4 domains score were significantly higher for male residents on t’ test. On K-10 scale 29.7%,7.4%, 2.7% residents were categorised as likely to have mild disorder, likely to have moderate disorder and likely to have severe disorder respectively whereas 60.1% were likely to be well, furthermore female were found to have significantly higher score on t’ test. Educational qualification and monthly income demonstrated significant positive correlation with all domains of QOL and sig negative correlation with psychological distress. Psychological distress was found to be higher in the free stay homes which could be attributed to lower level of education and income in these residents. QOL had significant negative correlation with psychological distress. Programs targeting modifiable risk factors could result in improvement of QOL and reduce psychological distress in OAH residents
RESEARCH ARTICLE | April 30, 2017
Non-Refoulement in Comparative Study: Do Canada, Australia and Belgium Comply with International Conventions?
Ibrahim Abdou Chekaraou
Page no Sch. Bull.; 2017, 3(4): 188-203 |
N/A
Abstract: The principle of non-refoulement is seen by most in the international law arena as fundamental to refugee law. Since its expression in the Refugee Convention in 1951, it has played a key role in how states deal with refugees and asylum seekers. Scholars and Experts in refugee law define it as the idea that ‘no refugee should be returned to any country where he or she is likely to face persecution or torture’. This paper discusses the non-refoulement in Canada, Australia, and Belgium–three western States knowing for their constant reference to international law. When deporting a person can lead to torture and arbitrarily deprivation of life, that deportation potentially violates an international obligation or a State’s constitution. It is now well established that International Human Rights treaties impose obligations on States to protect persons from refoulement beyond the terms of the Refugee Convention. The paper expresses its concerns for the violation of international conventions from these Western States. I argue that these developed States’ application of these norms reflects partial compliance with its obligations, as it acknowledges important humanitarian concerns regarding international protection. This paper argues that these States’ application of these norms reflects partial compliance with their obligations, as it acknowledges important humanitarian concerns regarding international protection. The paper offers suggestions, which might assist their respective governments in developing a more effective approach to the assumption and implementation of international human rights obligations.