Stress is a sad situation that leads to the desperation of the individual, a situation that occurs when the physical and mental limits of the organism are forced and threatened, affecting the lives of the individual. Individual stress sources include individual needs, capacity and character. Perceived differences, experiences, family problems, relationships among family members, child rearing, education, relatives' work problems, divorce and death are also individual stress factors. The working environment can also be a stress factor. If the competition among the employees in the working environment is not controlled by the managers and the employers, it causes the employees to feel incapacitated and weak in the individuals and thus the working person has difficulty in adjusting to the organization. In terms of the nursing profession, there are many stressful situations in the working environment. In order for the nurse to work more effectively and efficiently, it is necessary to minimize the internal and external factors that cause this stress and to develop effective ways of coping with the stressors as much as possible when the stress is encountered. It is very important to know how to cope with the stressors of the nursing profession from the work and social life and to develop the positive behaviors both in terms of the nursing profession as well as the qualified care the society being served.

Among the many scientists who enriched the scientific panorama in medieval Spain, one of the most important is without any doubt the Cordovan physician and surgeon Abulcasis Al-Zahrawi (circa 936-circa 1013). This paper is an approach to his figure and his main work entitled Kitab al-Tasrif (Book of medical arrangement) with special reference to its treatise XIX which deals to cosmetics and drugs for embellishment of body. The article contains an introduction about the author and the translation into English of some fragments of this part of the Tasrif, according to the Arabic manuscript no.5772 from the National Library of Paris. These translated texts include interesting medieval recipes for treatment of hair of great value for history of medicine and pharmacy

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive plasma cell neoplasm that may either originate de novo (primary PCL) or by leukemic transformation of multiple myeloma (MM) to secondary PCL (sPCL). It is defined by the presence of >2 G/L plasma cells or >20% plasmacytosis of the differential white cell count in the peripheral blood. In this case series, we describe the clinicopathologic, biologic and immunophenotypic, of four patients diagnosed with PCL within a four years period (2013-2016) at CHU Hassan II, Fès, Morocco.

Polysaccharides define as complex polymers composed of units interlinked with glycosidic bonds originated naturally. Polysaccharides are categorizing in several groups and among them, Gums are those with critical roles in food systems. Guar Gum is imparting softness, emulsification, stabilizing via its addition to formulas. This Gum is a fast soluble in cold water and can be active in a wide range of pH. The aim of this overview is giving an initial concept about guar gum and then convey to an introduction of its applications in food industries

To assure the quality, safety and efficacy of a drug, a drug will be developed, tested, delivered, and used under strict regulatory legislations. Off-label prescribing refers to prescribing or use a registered medicine that not included in the product information. Off-label prescribing is legal, yet common around the world. Pharmacists in the hospitals, clinics, and community pharmacies are in the front line in protecting the general population from being hurt by such OLP. The current study investigated the pharmacist’s attitudes toward OLP. 109 pharmacists were included in the investigation by answering the structured questionnaire. The survey indicated that the pharmacists were well trained to perform a good practice toward the off line use. The current study suggested integrating the efforts of all healthcare professionals to improve the national’s knowledge on medication safety

Abstract: The Government of Kenya has issued several circulars regarding class repetition in schools as a policy guideline. However, since the issuance, class repetition is still experienced in most schools across the country. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of Government policy initiative as an intervention strategy on class repetition in public primary schools. The study was conducted in Uasin Gishu County comprising of 445 Public Primary Schools. The study found out that, government policy initiative as an intervention strategy, has an influence on class repetition. The study recommended that there should be a review on the role of tuition in primary schools and enhancement of Professional Development for teachers by Government. The study will assist government, schools, head teachers and teachers to address the issue of class repetition in the country. A further study of situational analysis of Professional Development Need analysis for the 21st century be done.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial infection in critical care settings and affects between 9%-27% of mechanically ventilated patients for more than 48 or 72 hours. One of the strategies that reduce the VAP incidence is subglottic secretion drainage (SSD) through a lumen attached to a specialised endotracheal tube. This integrative review aims to investigate the efficacy of intermittent and continuous SSD in reducing VAP among critically ill ventilated patients. A systematic electronic search was conducted via CINAHL, PUBMED, MEDLINE and COCHRANE using the key terms. A manual search was also conducted through the references of retrieved studies, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Sixteen relevant primary articles were identified; twelve studies were conducted on general ICU populations examining intermittent subglottic drainage (ISD) and continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions (CASS) while four other studies were undertaken in cardiothoracic ICUs investigating CASS. No studies were found concerning the efficacy of ISD in this setting. Current evidence has revealed that ISD and CASS appear to be effective in general ICU settings while CASS did show significant reduction among the cardiothoracic ICU population. It was found that ISD appears to be safer in terms of tracheal damage despite the concerns of secretion pooling. This integrative review concluded that ISD and CASS appears to be effective methods in reducing VAP incidence among general ICU populations. Further research is needed to investigate both methods among cardiothoracic patients. A large randomised controlled trial is also required to compare the two settings and to determine the optimal frequency and suction pressure that could minimise complications.

Medicinal plants contain numerous bioactive phytochemicals or bionutrients. Various studies carried out during the past 2– 3 decades on these phytochemicals reveal their important role in preventing chronic diseases like cancer, diabetes and coronary heart disease. The major classes of phytochemicals with disease-preventing functions are dietary fibre, antioxidants, anticancer, detoxifying agents, immunity-potentiating agents and neuropharmacological agents. Each class of these useful agents consists of a wide range of chemicals with immense potential. Some of these have more than one function. In the present work the sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assays of Shorea robusta oleoresin, the triterpenes amyrenol isolated from its defatted portion and Wrightia tinctoria bark ethanol extract were carried out. Amyrenol showed the best highest activity and lowest IC50 value (37.56, 11.61 and 61.14 µg/mL) with cervical cell lines while the other extracts also registered fairly good activity. Amyrenol merits further evaluation as an anticancer agent

Implementation of standardised oral hygiene protocols could potentially minimise the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among critically ill patients. However, inclusion of the topical application of oral chlorhexidine as an effective oral antiseptic in such protocols and VAP guidelines remains controversial and questionable, due to inconstancy in the current evidential findings. The aim is to investigate the efficacy of oral chlorhexidine in reducing the incidence of VAP among mechanically ventilated patients in different critical care settings. A comprehensive electronic and manual literature search was conducted utilising different databases, including Cinahl, Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus, and using related keywords to identify the relevant primary research sources published in English since 2005. Data were extracted and summarised in tables and then were critically appraised using validated tools. When the relevant studies were analysed, they were grouped based on two main themes and varied subthemes. One of these is the patient population, including those admitted to mixed or general ICU and those who had undergone cardiac surgery. The second theme is the chlorhexidine type, in which solution and gel were investigated at varied concentration using different frequencies. Topical application of chlorhexidine may have the potential benefit of reducing VAP incidence; however, no recommendation can be made regarding the best type or optimal concentration that can be used. Thus, a large-scale randomised control trial to investigate further the effectiveness of its routine use among mixed ICU patients and to demonstrate the optimal form, as well as concentration and frequency, is required

Abstract: Customers are important constituents in the hotel industry. In business environment where competition is fierce and customer preferences shifting, organizations come under pressure to pay attention to customers to achieve competitive performance. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of customer focus on hotel performance in Kenya. The study concentrated on high standard or four and five star hotels in Nairobi and employed a quantitative research design to determine the effect. A sample of 146 respondents comprising of senior managers including Chief Executive Officers, Line Managers (ICT, HR, Marketing, Food and Beverage and Room) out 234 target population in 39 hotels were aimed at but only 105 questionnaires were returned. Data was collected, classified and tabulated according to research objective. Afterwards, descriptive statistics using central tendency, measure of variability and standard deviation was utilized. Inferential statistics was used to find out level of association between independent and dependent variables. The study concludes that customer focus has positive effect on the performance of star rated hotels. Consequently, hotel needs to strategically align its processes to customer needs and develop a culture that attracts and retains them. The study recommends that hotel targets customer satisfaction as a matter of priority through developing an innovative system that connects it with customers, awards credit or points for use of facility and provide updates and feedback. It also recommends that hotel invests in developing capacities of staff for them to have competence to manage customers effectively.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Competence and Organizational Culture on Job Satisfaction. The design of this research is quantitative by using survey method. The population of this research is all the Regional Device Work Unit (SKPD) in Bekasi City Government, Head of Department, Head of Agency and Head of Division who occupy essay II and III in Bekasi City Government which amounted to 208 people consist of 36 echelon II and 172 people Echelon III officials. The sample size of this study using Slovin formula with α size used is 5%, thus the sample size is 137 people. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis technique. SPSS 20.00 analysis tool. The result of this research is that Competence and Organizational Culture have positive and significant influence to Job Satisfaction. There are still other factors influencing the Performance of the Organization apart from the two Competence and Organizational Culture variables.

This study investigates the domestic dwellings built in Brisbane by twenty first-generation migrants, natives of the Veneto region in Italy, who migrated to Australia in the post WWII period and built their houses in the 1980s and 1990s in Brisbane. The purpose of this research study is to explore whether notions of culture were present in the homes migrants constructed in Brisbane, both in the material realm (interpreted as internal and external organization of space and the composition of the façade) and in the symbolic realm (the meanings attached to these houses by Italian migrants). The project is of qualitative nature and as primary sources of data uses semi-structured interviews, associated when circumstances made this possible, to photo-elicitation interviews, and focus group discussion. The semi-structured interviews were conducted both in Australia with twenty first-generation Italian migrants, and in Italy with another ten informants who are indigenous to the Veneto region and who built their homes there. These primary data are supplemented by (4) secondary data in the form of photographs and drawings. The findings reveal that home is both a physical structure and a set of meanings where these two components are tied together rather than being separate and distinct. It shows that there were two models the Veneto migrants chose for the erection of their houses in Brisbane and these correspond to: (1) the rural houses built in the 1970s and 1980s by their family and friends in the Veneto region and (2) the villas designed for noble families by the architect Andrea Palladio in the 15th century in the homeland of the respondents.

Pulsatile Drug Delivery System are the system where in there is a rapid and transient release of an active molecule within a short time period produced immediately after a predetermined off release period. In this present study efforts are made to formulate and evaluate chronotherapeutical drug delivery system of Losartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in the form of bi layered tablets for the treatment of hypertension by using various synthetic polymers. The compatibility study between drug and polymer was done by FTIR. Blend analysis of Losartan and Hydrochlorothiazide layers were studied. Based on the results these were formulated into bi layered tablets. Various evaluation tests of the tablets like weight variation, disintegration test and friability test etc were carried out. In vitro drug releases of the formulated tablets were carried out. Results of these studies indicated that the formulated bi layered tablets achieved a burst release after 3h-4 h lag time and hence can be used as the pulsatile drug delivery for hypertension. From this present work it can be concluded that pulsatile release of drug in the form of bi layered tablet can be achieved for newer chronotherapeutical drug delivery system

Abstract: We applied the wavelet methodology to study the results of the chaotic behavior of the production of particles in relativistic collisions of heavy ions. We use wavelet coherence to analyze the correspondence between theoretical and experimental data. We examined the 1-D phase space of variable (the case -space). We also compared the wavelet coherence values for -space and -space. It was also shown that the values of the wavelet of coherence depend on the values of the parameters p and q. We discussed our new results for the comparison purpose and findings were in the good agreements.

Salacia lehmbachii is being used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastric ulcer, this claim has not been scientifically substantiated or refuted. This work was therefore, designed to validate the antiulcer potential of the aqueous root bark extract of S. lehmbachii on stress induced and ethanol induced gastric lesions in rats. Phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity studies were also carried out. The extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) exhibited significant and dose dependent antiulcer effect in both models. The ulcer protection effect of the root extract is comparable to ranitidine. The root bark extract was found to be non toxic up to 5000 mg/kg dose level in rats. Phytochemical analysis identified flavonoids, tannins, saponis, alkaloids, terpenoides and flavonoids. The study provides strong evidence of antiulcer activity of S. lehmbachii aqueous root bark extract against gastric acid ulceration in rats