Cardiac problems are encountered in the clinic more nowadays. Many of the cardiac problems and procedures have impact on the Sinu-atrial nodal artery which is the pace-maker of the heart. Variations of Sinu-atrial nodal artery and its knowledge is must in understanding cardiac problems and conducting clinical practices. Thirty hearts from the cadavers were taken for the study. The hearts were dissected, Sino-atrial nodal artery were exposed and analyzed. Sinu-Atrial nodal artery did not arise from arteries other than the right coronary artery. The level of origin differed in different specimens. In 10% of the specimens, it originated from the length interval of 6-10 mm, in 40% from the length interval of 11-15 mm, in 23.33% from the length interval of 16-20 mm, in 13.33% from the length interval of 21-25 mm and in 10% from the length interval of 26-30 mm from the origin of right coronay artery. In one of the specimen it was found to originate from the right coronary artery at a length of 55mm from its origin which was near the inferior margin of the heart. The course was retrocaval in all of the specimens. No extra origin of the artery was found

In this paper naphtha feed characterization and reactor modeling are thoroughly investigated. Naphtha feed characterization method is based on the work of proposing candidate components which have the potential to provide behavior similar to the behavior of the original naphtha feed. HYSYS software is used to provide the thermodynamic properties for the different true boiling points distillation cuts of the naphtha feed. Physical and thermodynamic properties of the selected components which represent each volume fraction (cut) are related to the properties obtained from HYSYS. The results which are the predicted molar composition of the lumped chemical species of the feed are compared to the paraffin-naphthene-aromatic (P,N and A) analysis of the studied commercial data. The relative errors of the feed stream are around 5%. The kinetic model and reaction network are based on the major reforming reaction such as dehydrgenation of naphthenes, dehydrocyclization of paraffin, cracking of paraffins and hydrocracking of cycloalkanes. The characterized data and model were bench marked against the real production data of a Libyan local refinery and the final results of the reformer such as outlet temperatures and reformate octane number have shown deviations with the actual operating data which considered in direct relation with weak points inherited to characterization method.

An attempt was made to validate Sterility Assurance level (SAL) of two Industrial Autoclaves up to 106 Log Reduction by using both gram negative and gram positive bacteria. For gram negative bacteria, a suspension of E. coli was prepared at 108 cfu/ml which was sterilized individually through two autoclaves at 1210C for 20 minutes at three consecutive cycles. Bacterial load was then determined and found 8 log reductions of bacterial growth. For Gram positive bacteria, 12 ampoules of Geobacillus stearothermophilus containing 106 cfu were placed in two Autoclaves. After sterilization, no growth of Geobacillus stearothermophilus was found which also proving the 106 Log Reductions of that sterilization parameters

The incident before tsunami there are several different madrasah management with madrasah today including: first the madrasah is still an improvement in education less meet the needs of each madrasah. Both centralized madrasah education have such weaknesses as focusing only on system level changes rather than on institutional levels. The three improvement of education more emphasis on the availability of system input (interview with the head of madrasah aliyah Darussalam country). The first formulation of the problem why the head of madrasah needs to have managerial competence in improving the quality of management of madrasah aliyah in the post-tsunami country? Second, how is the managerial competence of head of madrasah aliyah in improving the quality of madrasah aliyah management in post tsunami Aceh? The research objectives are first to find out why the head of madrasah needs to have managerial competence in improving the quality of madrasah aliyah post tsunami. Second want to know how the managerial competence of the head of madrasah aliyah in improving the quality of madrasah aliyah management in post tsunami Aceh. The usefulness of this research is theoretically this research is expected to add and deepen the science in the field of management of Islamic education related to managerial competence of head of madrasah aliyah and improvement of management quality at madrasah aliyah.

Seemingly quaint and unbearable as it is at the very age of American poetic revolution, Howl seems to raise the extensive attentions of poetic scholars around the world who have been impressed by his leading impression on beat generation and poetic forum owing to his organic integration of his own sexual identity into the poetic publicity and popularity of his poetic production instead of his poetic oneness concerning the spatial form in the poem. To raise poetic scholars‟ academic attention and interest in highlighting the academic values of this poem in this regard, this essay will give a new interpretation of it by making an exploration of its abstract spatial form, perceptive spatial form as well as imaginative spatial form one by one.

Gaussian Mixed Model (GMM) has seen an increase in terms of usage especially to tackle the issue or problem of fraud activities in telecommunication industry. Like any other methods, GMM has its equal share of problems related to the maximum likelihood estimation and the determination of the number of components in GMM. In this paper we will highlight solutions to the said problems such as Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm and the methods that are normally used to determine the number of components in GMM, which include the most recent research work done by the authors using Kernel method and Akaike Information Criteria (AIC); and the successful derivation of hypothesis testing in the determination of the number of components in GMM. The said derivation has never been attempted before due to the difficulty and complexity of GMM, as exemplified by the use of EM algorithm in solving its maximum likelihood estimation problem. The performance of the hypothesis testing, which is positive and promising despite using different percentage of overlapping; and the comparison of hypothesis testing to AIC, which produced conflicting results under certain conditions will also be highlighted

Abstract: This article reports on estimating credibility factor using Empirical Bayes Credibility Theory. The credibility factor determined will help insurance companies to determine accurate credibility premium in order to charge aggregate premium that is reasonable in the coming year per risk using credibility premium formula. Thirteen risks/portfolios, from the Metropolitan Insurance Company, Ghana were used for the study. Among other things, the study results reveal that the distribution of all number of claims follows poisson distribution. . The study indicates that motto comprehensive, third party, workman compensation, fire material damage and asset risk had the highest credibility factors (Z_i>0.5 ) showing reliance on expected individual aggregate claims X ̅_i and those with credibility factors (Z_i<0.5) indicating reliance on risk parameter of overall risk E[m(θ)] or Expected Aggregate Claims. The results further indicate that expected range of volume of business in the coming years for all risks/portfolios was estimated as (V_B±t_(α/2) s/(√n) ) and the empirical bayes credibility theory premium was R_p×(V_B±t_(α/2) s/(√n) ).

Abstract: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the external auditory canal is an uncommon malignancy. Patients of such disease often initially present with nonspecific symptoms, such as ear discharge and otalgia as in chronic otitis media. reatment of EAC carcinomas is generally based on the combination of surgery and radiotherapy. Patients with EAC must initially be treated radically, and for them, early diagnosis and referral to an institution with experience in this kind of surgery is important. In this case report we aim to present a patient with ECA SCC who was misdiagnosed and treated for chronic otitis externa for a long time.

Abstract: In this study, the effects of IBA doses (0, 500 and 1500 ppm) and root thickness of the R. damascena Mill cuttings on rooting rates, root counts, root lengths and shoot numbers were investigated. The results showed that IBA doses significantly affected rooting rates (p<0.05). The highest rooting rate (77.67%) was obtained from thick root cuttings with 500 ppm IBA dose application. The highest root number per cutting was found as 6.00 in thick cuttings and cuttings having no IBA application. The longest root branch per cutting was determined to be in the thick root cuttings and control cuttings (7.93 cm). The average number of root branch per cutting was determined as 0.77 in thin root cuttings and control cuttings. To conclude, R. damascena can easily be propagated with root cuttings with appropriate IBA doses, suggesting that the thicker root cuttings should be chosen for R. damascena propagation.

Abstract: This thesis analyzes the behavioral characteristics of network users on the campus network. After capturing and processing communication data and recovering sessions, we can know the group behaviors of the campus users. What’s more, the use of the diskless computer among the cadets can also be seen from this analysis. On the one hand, such analysis can offer the theoretical basis for campus network. On the other hand, this work can help the administrative know more about the cadets’ study situation on the campus network and make better management. To some degree, the analysis reflects the importance of network users’ behavior analysis network management.

Abstract: In this study, it is aimed to determine the factors causing visual pollution in Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University campus, to remove the visual pollution and to take measures to prevent it. A survey was conducted to determine the perceptions of the academic and administrative staff and students of the Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University about the visual pollution of the campus. As the survey study was planned to represent the whole campus, it was aimed to include 2 academicians, 2 administrative staff and 2 students in each department in equal proportion to all faculties within the campus. The questionnaire was conducted by face-to-face interview with 100 people at random selection. The survey results were evaluated in the SPSS package program. As a result of the study, the opinions of the students, academic and administrative staff of Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University about the visual pollution of the structural and plant equipments in the campus have been determined. Preventive measures have been developed to eliminate visual pollution in designated areas.

Abstract: It would be required to impart hydrophobic and hence antimicrobial property to inherently hydrophilic ceramic wall tiles in order to reduce health risks. For this purpose an industrially applicable ceramic wall tile opaque glaze was modified by the addition of the various organic materials. The organic matter included in the industrial glazes most probably acted as agents leaving pores behind and changing the liquefaction temperature of the glaze on the pore borders, and forming protruding microscale surface structures by burning and gasifying out during gloss firing. The optimum temperature range for gloss firing of the modified industrial opaque wall tile glaze was determined as 960-980°C by thermal microscope measurements and TG analysis. The SEM images of the surfaces revealed microscaled surface morphologies which might be potentially instrumental in the hydrophobic surface formation due to the trapped air gaps between the tile surface and the sessile water drops in accord with Cassie-Baxter model. The surface topography obtained in this way by polyvinyl butyrate and modifications provided hydrophobic contact angles.

Abstract: Diesel engines are used around the globe in many transportation and power production activities. These engines consume large amounts of fuel and produce many dangerous pollutants. If we add to this all, the coming day for the depletion of oil, all these things together require consideration of alternatives to reduce the consumption of diesel oil and its pollutants. In this study, we navigate through the scientific research space and review the latest findings of science in this regard. There are substitutes for diesel, including fully compensated, or mixing with it to reduce pollutants. All these alternatives have their positives and negatives. To this day, diesel fuel is still dominating the ignition engines and has not yet achieved a competitive advantage in terms of combustion efficiency.

Abstract: In order to develop the sustainability of bridge engineering design in many design offices of underdeveloped countries, this work outlines design guidelines by examining the behavior of bridges vertical displacement in relation to several parameters such as the moving speed, the track irregularities, the span-length, the elasticity modulus, the cross-section geometry and the material damping. A simply supported Euler-Bernoulli bridge-beam model coupled to a multiple moving point loading under different conditions is developed based on the Hooke’s law, the Navier’s hypothesis and the Saint-Venant’s principle. Obtained results give a deeper understanding on the influence of these parameters in the initial design, and show that the use of a single dynamic magnification factor alone, for different bridge parameters, is not technically optimal for an improved dynamic analysis of existing and under-design bridges, and that local Design Bureau should implement a more sustainable design methodology to tackle uncertainties in bridge behavioral responses for its wider understanding.

Abstract: The addition of filler materials to a polymer is a common practice to improve strength, stiffness, toughness, hardness, conductivity, wear resistance, as well as reducing the processing cost significantly. In this study the effect of waste graphite as a cost effective reinforcement in epoxy matrices for improving the mechanical properties was investigated. As the graphite content increased bending modulus, hardness and bulk density increased and bending strength and total porosity decreased.