The study was designed to assess the performance of carbon at Malaysia. Landscape development plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. They produce a large proportion of CO2 emissions, but they also sequester and store carbon in our environment. The carbon footprint analysis is an established method for systematically quantifying carbon sinks and sources throughout the lifetime of goods and services. There are three stages of carbon contributors were identified through document review and expert’s validation, which is construction stage, operation stage and maintenance stages. The paper presents the carbon footprint analysis of landscape development stages that was recently constructed in the permonade Percint 8, Putrajaya. Field measurement was conducted and the collected data were analyzed using SMART PLS (Partial least squares). Findings of the study highlighted that construction stage give the highest significant to carbon contribution with a path coefficient 0.748. The study also shows that the construction stage is the largest contributor due to the presence of a large number of facilities and activities in landscape developments compared to the maintenance stage. Particularly this is also related to the material and equipment used during the construction stage. The study suggested that the construction stage need to be considered when developing a sustainable landscape design. Finally, the recommendations on how to reduce carbon emissions in landscape development stages especially in Malaysia were highlighted.

Along with the rapid development of information technology the existence of the museum must also follow the existing changes, which must adapt to the needs and wants and young people. Youth segment is a huge market potential in Indonesia. This research is to explain about the implementation of experiential marketing strategy to make museum as one of tourist destination in Surabaya. Data collection techniques based on interviews with museum managers as well as from the observation of museums in the field, with attention to aspects of sense, feel, think, act and relate. The population in this study is the existing museum in Surabaya, where there are 18 museums in Surabaya, and the sample of this research is 6 museums in Surabaya (Museum of Cancer, Museum Of Sampoerna, Submarine Monument, Surabaya Museum, Health Museum, and Ethnographic Museum). This research uses qualitative research method with analytic descriptive approach, where this research only describes and analyzes existing variable that is implementation of experiential marketing at museum in Surabaya. The results showed that almost all the museums in Surabaya have not applied the concept of experiential marketing completely. In addition, almost all museums are in poor condition and still old-fashioned, and this is not suitable for the youth market. From this study it is also known that the museums in Surabaya have not been able to touch the emotional and psychological aspects of the visitors, whereas completing the visit to the museum does not feel an emotional touch and the latter will not encourage visitors to re-visit.

Background: It was an experimental comparative study conducted in Sudan, faculty of healthy sciences at Alsheikh Abdallah Elbadri University, among 144 Sudanese and non-Sudanese volunteers, age between 16 to 49 years old. ECG was done before and after exposure to mobile cell phone and both results was compared. The mobile cell phone was placed on chest pocket level during silent modes. Objectives: The study was aimed to detect the effect of silent mobile phone electromagnetic radiation on ECG parameters in both genders. Results: ECG parameters mean +STD of P, PR, ST and QT have significant change within normal range correlated with heart rate and rhythm, while the mean +STD of QRS duration and T wave has no significant changes. Conclusion: The mobile phone wave during silent mode has direct effect on ECG parameters which leads to sinus arrhythmia.

Needle stick injury (NSIs) is the main transmission source of blood borne infection among health care workers all over the world. Nurses are at high risk of needle stick injury with acquisition of blood-borne infection by pathogens while performing their clinical activities in the hospitals. Thus, this study aim was to assess the knowledge and practice of nurses regarding needle stick injury in Public Hospitals Lahore, Pakistan. Cross sectional study technique was used in the current study. Self-administered questionnaire was distributed among 186 nurses through convenient random sampling. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. Finding of this study shows that most of the nurses have good knowledge about needle stick injury but application of the knowledge in their practical work was poor. The study recommends that the health education program for needle stick injury and prevention measure should be introduced to all the nurses intensively and encourages them to apply during their daily practice.

Background: In the present era almost all of the outstanding health care organizations have status because of the immense contributions of their employees especially Nurses and Doctors. These organizations pay to their employees according to their role and performance. The purpose of the study was that the impact of job satisfaction can affect Nurses performance. Methods: Total 111 participants were selected for this study as sample. It was a cross sectional descriptive study. For data collection self-administered structured questionnaire was used and data was collected from three tertiary hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 16 statistical software. The results were analyzed in terms of descriptive statistics frequency, percentage were used for data analysis. Results: There were total 111 questionnaires were distributed and 100 participants returned the questionnaire. Results of the study revealed that the age of the nurses was 21-25 years (50%), and 26-30 years (39%). 91% were female, mostly were found with diploma (38%) and BSc (45%). An experience of the nurses between 1-6 years was 82%. Mostly nurses were satisfied with their performance (93%) were replied Yes, mostly nurses were not satisfied with the current service structure 73% answered No. 71% nurses were satisfied with their salary. 79% (Yes) were really satisfied with the all types of activities that lead to them towards good performance. There were mix response of the nurses about the regarding present incentives. Conclusion: This study results show this is the female dominant profession and mostly nurses were satisfied with their present performance. Majority of nurses were satisfied with their current salary, but they were not satisfied with their present inducements and service structure of the nurses. Generally nurses think that annual inducements and salaries effects on nurses‟ job satisfactions which lead to the good performance and there health care system will more develop.

Depression is a major public health problem. It is the most common mood disorder in later life associated with serious consequences, including; disability, functional decline, diminished quality of life, increased mortality and increased service utilization. This study aims to assess the impact of a health promotion program on quality of life, depressive symptoms and feeling of loneliness among institutionalized elderly in Egypt. Design: a quasi-experimental one group pre-posttest research design was utilized. Sample: A convenience sample of (60) institutionalized elderly was selected. Setting: the study was conducted at Dar El- Hanna nursing home. Tools of the study: A structured questionnaire included personal data, health assessment data and institutionalization data. Quality of life index, UCLA loneliness scale as well as geriatric depression scale were utilized. Results: revealed that, more than half of elderly were institutionalized due to absence of caregivers. A statistically significant relationship was found between duration of residence, and quality of life. There were statistically significant relationships between mean scores in pre and posttest for quality of life index in relation to satisfaction aspect at p=0.001*, overall quality of life scale (at p=0.008*), UCLA loneliness scale (at p=0.001*) and geriatric depression scale (at p-0.003*). Conclusion: the study concluded that application of health promotion program for institutionalized elderly had a positive impact on reducing depressive symptoms and level of loneliness and has improved quality of life among institutionalized elderly. Recommendation, Further psychosocial intervention and qualitative studies are needed to overcome loneliness and depression and to improve quality of life among institutionalized elderly. A specialized gerontological mental health nurses should be there for elderly in nursing homes in Egypt. Elderly should also be involved in regular physical, mental and recreational activities to enhance their physical, social and psychological health and wellbeing.

Background: Visual impairment can have a significant effect on an individual’s functioning and their interaction with their physical and social environments and it is associated with disability and poor quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an educational program to improve the quality of life (QoL) in elderly patients with visual impairment. Design: A quasiexperimental pre test-and-post test design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at the ophthalmology outpatient clinics and ophthalmology department at Zagazig University Hospitals. Sample: Aconsecutive sampling technique of 70 elderly with visual impairment who fulfilled the study inclusion criteria. Tools:Two tools were used to collect the study data: I) A structured interview questionnaire consisted of five parts. II) Low Vision Quality Of Life (LVQOL) , The study was conducted through assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation phases. Results: The study results revealed that the duration of visual problems ranged between 1.0 and 26.0 years, mostly bilateral (64.3%), and had negative impacts on their life (92.9%). Elderly had deficient related knowledge, with low Quality of Life (QoL) and high dependency in DLAs. The educational program was effective in improving their knowledge, QoL and independence in DLAs . Conclusion: The findings emphasize the importance of well-designed patient education programs. Recommendation: Further research is suggested to explore the effectiveness of multiple-approach nursing interventions in improving the QoL of elderly with visual problems.

Violence affects lives of millions of woman worldwide, in all societies, one of the most heinous and shocking forms among them is DOWRY DEATH, is one among the various reasons for suicidal (i.e. abetted suicide) and homicidal deaths of women in India, other being marital infidelity, sexual jealousy etc. This study done at Government Mohan kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem , was conducted during the period January 2014 – December -2015. Aims and objectives were to know the magnitude, socio etiologic profile and methods used for committing suicide/homicide, and various other factors affecting the alarming rise in incidence of dowry death and also to lend valuable suggestion to concerned authorities to prevent this heinous social evil of our society. Most of the victims were aged between 20 to 24 years of age, maximum of the victims died within three years of married life, most commonly between 1 to 2 years of married life. Burns is the most common method used for dowry deaths.

Mauritanian classroom has been regarded as male public space. This has affected the academic achievement of female students, which in turn is likely to influence negatively their social, economic and political visibilities. As such, females’ participation in the classroom activities becomes an inviting topic to be explored. The current study, thereby, aims to unveil the reasons of highly inhibited and highly exuberant female students in the classroom. In so doing, observations and interviews were carried out on 8 students studying at the Modern University of Nouakchott. The findings revealed that inhibition, depreciation of participation, devaluation of speech in mixed environment, peers’ negative comments, and distant and/or female professors, were the main factors hindering female students’ participation. Factors that have been rated as strong promoters of participation, however, were: positive perception of participation, “modern thinking,” wellrounded knowledge about the topic, the type of topic studied, accessible professors, and learner-centered approach.

Modifiable lifestyle breast cancer risk factors can be actively influence by women in order to reduce or increase their breast cancer risk, which strongly depend on individual’s knowledge. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness towards the association between breast cancer and life style modifications in Northern Saudi Arabia. This is a cross sectional survey included 559 Saudi volunteers living in the city of Hail, Northern Saudi Arabia. Knowledge and awareness towards modifiable lifestyle factors and breast cancer risk was evaluated using different variables during interview. Out of 559 study subjects only 14.5% were found to know that there are some dietary types, which can reduces the risk of breast cancer and the remaining 85.5% ignore that. About 37.4% indicated that they knew body weight is a risk factor for breast cancer. The level of knowledge and awareness toward breast cancer and lifestyle related risk factors are very poor in Northern Saudi Arabia

Burmese Citizenship Law-1982 has made the Muslim Rohingyas largest persecuted population groups in the world. Rohingya crisis in Myanmar is a contemporary and crucial issue not only in South and Southeast Asia but also in the world. The „duration of stay‟ of Rohingyas in Myanmar is a matter of controversy raised by Rohingya literatures and Arakanese Buddhists literatures. The root of antagonism between Rohingya Muslim and Buddhist Arakanese is historical. Only the dimension and extension has been changed with the advancement of time. Massive Rohingya exodus has been occurred three times in independent Myanmar, in 1978, 1991-92 and 2017 due to military operation. Huge number of refugee outflow has strike mainly in neighbouring Bangladesh border, has made geopolitical imbalance in the South-East Asia. Myanmar Government and Rohingya leaders should review their policy against each other and should start dialoging for the permanent solution. The paper tries to draw out the origin of Rohingyas and their long history of conflict with Buddhist Arakanese as well as with Government. Refugee issue and migration pattern also included here. Statements are almost bias free as much as possible and have been made best on important historical/research document.

The research aimed to measure HbA1C in normal Sudanese non-diabetic pregnant women attending antenatal care at Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum state during the period from Sep 2017 to Nov 2017, and to explore the effect of pregnancy on HbA1C. A Cross sectional facility based study was conducted in The National Ribat University hospital during the period from Sep 2017 to Nov 2017 among the Normal Sudanese pregnant, non-diabetic females of ages between 18-40 years. Twenty women were included as a pilot, ten of them at first trimester and ten at third trimester. Correlations between the variables were estimated and P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant and used to determine the relationship between the Multiple factors of pregnancy and HbA1c level. The mean value of HbA1c at first trimester of pregnancy was found to be 4.7% with a range of (3.5% - 5.5 %) and the mean value of HbA1c at third trimester of pregnancy was found to be 3.98% with a range of (2.8% - 5.4%). The mean value of HbA1c in normal pregnancy was found to be 4.37% with a range of (2.8% - 5.5 %). There was no correlation between normal FBG, Hb level, daily caloric intake, age, PH. of DM, PH. of GDM, family history of DM and the level of HbA1c. According to this study the mean value of HbA1c in Sudanese healthy pregnant women is 4.37 found within the normal Sudanese values of HbA1c. HbA1c is lower in the third trimester compared to first trimester.

Tripod robot system can replace the manual to complete industrial control action simple but repetitive work, such as in the industrial production line of the sorting work. In the actual control, how to quickly and accurately identify the color and shape of the object, at the same time in the shortest time to place it in the specified location, is an urgent problem to be solved. Tripod robot control system based on improved Hamiltonian path planning algorithm , combining the corner detection and corner filling algorithm can accurately identify the shape of the object; using the greedy algorithm to realize the local optimal solution, a dynamic programming algorithm to achieve the global optimal solution, solves the problem of sorting in the shortest time. Experimental results show that the system can achieve the sorting of objects accurately and efficiently.

The emerging economies like India where more than 60% of the population lives in the rural areas, should ensure adequate access to the financial products and services to all the individuals in the country. The launch of the Prime Minister Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) a revolutionary financial inclusion program in August 2014 to bring access to formal financial services to all the India’s population has led to the opening of around 2.8 billion bank accounts till March 2017. The access to the financial products is expected to change the investment and savings behavior of the rural households. The present study focuses on understanding the factors influencing the investment behaviour of households in rural India, where majority of the population lives. In addition to the socio economic factors, the study also considers the impact of the level of financial literacy on the investment behaviour. The study was conducted in the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh where the major occupation of the rural households is agriculture. Discriminant analysis is carried out to identify the factors influencing the investment behaviour of rural households. As Agriculture is the major occupation in rural India, the findings of the study will certainly help the government in encouraging the rural households for investing in financial products. The results of the study will also serve as a major input to the policy makers in channelizing the rural household savings into productive activities of corporate entities.

Recent attempts have been made to prove that honey is also a comparable fixative for cytological specimens. It is a natural organic product, odorless and not known to cause any disease. Secondly it is relatively cheaper and not prone to be mishandled, making it an efficient contender for use as a fixative. Our results, therefore, confirmed that honey can safely be used as an alternate to alcohol in cytology specimens. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a useful diagnostic aid in benign and malignant lesions. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC depends on the sampling technique, fixative used, and quality of staining and of course the meticulosity of interpretation by the pathologist. The widely used fixative in this procedure is 95 % Alcohol which although readily available, has a number of limitations for use. It is expensive and hence subject to pilferage. Also, it is a volatile liquid with an irritant smell and is said to be carcinogenic. In this study, we analyzed and compared the efficacy of cytological smears fixed in 95% alcohol and 20% honey solution. The results of our study showed no statistical significant difference in the fixative properties of honey and alcohol.