β-Lactam antibiotics are commonly used to treat bacterial infections. Increased use of antibiotics, particularly the third generation of cephalosporins, has been associated with the emergence of ESBL producing bacteria, most commonly in E. coli. And Klebsiella pneumonia. Infection due to ESBL producers range from uncomplicated urinary tract infection to life threatening sepsis. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of ESBL producing E.coli and Klebsiella isolates. Patients taking treatment in P.D.U. Hospital and Medical College, Rajkot- a tertiary care hospital in Gujarat, India, were included in study. During the half year period from July 2014 to December 2014, a total of 600 E. coli and Klebsiella isolates from various clinical specimens were included in the study. The isolated organisms of E. coli and Klebsiella were characterized for their production of ESBL. Out of 600 E. coli and Klebsiella isolate, E. coli were 224 (37.3% and Klebsiella spp. 376 (62.7%). The overall rate of production of ESBL (by phenotypic confirmatory test with double disc diffusion method) in total isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. is 22.5% (135/600). The rate of production of ESBL in E. coli is 29.9% (67/224) and in Klebsiella spp. is 18.1% (68/376). ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella showed high prevalence in present study. Routine laboratory testing for ESBL is needed in order to optimize antibiotic management to reduce ESBL associated morbidity & mortality.

The investment value that has been made by South Korea in Indonesia has increased, companies in the field of textiles and shoes require more female workers than men. Workers' loyalty will have a positive impact on the workers who can be affected by the increase in employee performance in developing the company. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the loyalty of female workers who work in Korean companies. This research method is quantitative with data collection techniques using questionnaires, interviews, and direct observation to South Korean companies in Indonesia. The statistical test used is Regression Analysis. The results of this study that work discipline affects loyalty, career development influences loyalty, work motivation affects loyalty and workload has no effect on loyalty.

This study examines the relationship between monetary aggregates and economic growth with evidence from Nigeria. It examines the extent to which narrow and broad money supply relate to Nigerian Real Gross Domestic Product. Data collected were analyzed using multiple regression. The result of the study shows though broad money supply (M2) has a salutary effect on the performance of the economy as shown by the positive relationship it exhibits, the relationship is not such that monetary aggregates can significantly contribute to the performance of the economy. The paper recommends that since monetary aggregates are weak in achieving growth in the Nigerian economy, a combination of monetary and fiscal policy measures , perhaps will achieve the desired objective of growing the economy.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is associated with increased inflammatory cells. Combination of long acting beta agonist and inhaled corticosteroids are standard treatment. Roflumilast targets inflammatory cells and decreases the frequency of exacerbation. This study looks at the effect of Roflumilast on inflammatory cells in sputum and inflammatory markers in the blood when used as add-on therapy in COPD patients. This observational comparative study conducted in Department of Pulmonary Medicine for 1.5 years duration. 70 COPD patients were divided into two Group A (Roflumilast + Standard treatment) and Group B (Standard treatment). Pulmonary Function Test, Sputum Eosinophil & Sputum Neutrophil, CRP were measured at baseline and after 4 months of treatment in both groups. Intergroup analysis between Group A and Group B was done at baseline and after 4 months. Mean age of patients in Group A was 64.3 years and in Group B was 61.2 years. Maximum patients were in age groups 51-60 and 61-70 years. Of total 70 patients, 60% were males and 40% females. Majority of patients in both groups had low BMI. Sputum inflammatory cells were significantly lower in Roflumilast group. Pulmonary function parameters showed significant improvement in Roflumilast treated group. There was no significant decrease in CRP when compared between two groups. Roflumilast, add-on therapy to standard treatment in COPD patients have improved lung function and decreased level of inflammatory cells in airway significantly.

The mouth is regarded as a mirror and the gateway to health. Various dental treatment modalities frequently require appointments, which are more than one in number for completion of the entire treatment program. Missed dental appointments are an issue which has been noticed for years but very little research has been conducted around it. To assess various factors responsible for missed dental appointments among the patients attending a dental college. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients attending various departments of the college. A sample size of 960 was calculated based on the results of the pilot study and the patients who missed their appointment at least once during their treatment procedures were included in the study. A self-structured 19 item questionnaire was used to measure various factors responsible for missing the appointment. The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis by using SPSS version 21.0. Among 960 patients, 53% were females and 46% were males. Various reasons for not attending recall were assessed in patient’s perspective and college perspective. Lack of time (63%). fear (62%) were cited to be the most common factors for not attending recall in patients perspective and inconvenient appointment timings (47%) and dissatisfaction with the reception area(44%) were cited to be the most common factor for missing the appointment in college perspective. This study concluded that patients who miss appointments cite the most common reason as lack of time, fear, lack of transportation inconvenient appointment timings. The key in dealing with the issue of missed dental appointment lies in altering patient’s psychology during the first appointment. Counselling and motivation is required to be done at first dental visit to reduce the chances of missed appointment.

Abstract: Several new biochemical and hematological parameters are available to diagnose and monitor alcoholic liver disease (ALD), but none are independently sufficient for the purpose. Serum enzymes - Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and AST:ALT ratio (De Ritis Ratio) are conventionally used as markers for diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and monitoring of ALD, based on their correlation with values before and after treatment or abstinence from alcohol intake. We wanted to establish the utility and affordability of estimation of these serum enzymes in ALD. To assess the levels and analyse the costs of estimation of conventional serum liver enzymes in ALD. After IEC clearance, this hospital based study was carried out on 30 male patients of diagnosed ALD and 30 normal control (non-alcoholic, healthy male) subjects between 18-65 years without history of liver disease, HIV, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, shock and/or ischemia to the liver, hepatotoxic medication use or exposure to high levels of environmental hepatotoxins, renal disorders, diabetes mellitus, hypertension. Serum AST, ALT, ALP, GGT levels were estimated using commercially available Roche diagnostic kits and fully automated biochemistry analyser (eCOBAS 6000 c501, Roche). Enzyme levels were expressed as Mean ± SD in IU/ml. Statistical analysis of differences in Means was done with Unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test, using GraphPad Quickcalcs online software, considering significance level as P < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. Cost calculation of all the tests was done. Serum AST, ALT, ALP, GGT levels were highly significantly raised in ALD patients compared to healthy controls. De Ritis ratio was greater than 2 in 70% ALD patients. Cost calculation revealed that each patient had to pay a total of Rs 80/- for the tests. Conventional serum liver enzyme estimation and calculation of De Ritis ratio are useful and affordable diagnostic and prognostic markers in ALD.

The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica poses a serious threat to sorghum production in Northern Cameroon. To evaluate the response to S. hermonthica of 24 genotypes of rainfed sorghum and the effect of sodium carbonate on this parasite, field and pot experiments were conducted at Touboro (North Cameroon) in 2016 and 2017. In pot and in field, under striga infestation, results showed varietal responses of sorghum for the number of emerged Striga, the height of sorghum, the stem diameter, the number of leaves per plant, the panicle weight and the grain yield. Globally, Striga infestation significantly reduced the height, the stem diameter, and the number of leaves, the panicle weight and the grain yield of sorghum accessions by 28.94%, 19.54%, 17.78%, 28.24% and 44.17% respectively. Application of natural sodium carbonate salt reduced significantly the emerged Striga and the host plant damage by 74.29% and 41.94%. Under Striga infestation, sodium carbonate also increased the growth and yield sorghum accessions. Among the 24 studied genotypes, complete resistance was no recorded, but landraces LMO-LT18, LMO-LT22, KW-CP09 and LMT-21 appeared as the most resistant and tolerant to S. hermonthica. Combination of sodium carbonate with resistant and tolerant genotypes should be investigated as a major component of integrated packages to the effective control of Striga on sorghum in northern Cameroon.

Strong writers actively and metacognitively involve themselves in the writing process by spending more time recursively planning and refining their writing by actively monitoring and adjusting the text they are generating and by maintaining an awareness of their audience. Research shows that training in Meta-cognition Strategies that are used to Improve Writing Disabilities and performances have been successful. The purpose of the present study was to study Comparison of Using Metacognitive Strategies on Writing Performance in Private and Government Schools in Jordan. We have investigated the effect of Meta-cognitive strategy training through the use of explicit and teaching intervention strategy instruction on Improve Writing Disabilities among 12th Standard students. To reach the goal of the study two groups of Writing Disabilities in 12th Standard students were randomly assigned to a control and an experimental group. The experimental groups received instruction on Meta-cognitive strategy training through a 12- week period of instruction while the control groups received traditional way. The result of the study showed that explicit Meta-cognitive strategy training has a significant positive effect on Improve Writing performance and Disabilities in 12th Standard students. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS software version 23.

To study the antibacterial activity of Tabernaemontana divaricata (Apocynaceae) secondary metabolites capped silver nanoparticles (SNPs). In the present investigation, SNPs were synthesized using an aqueous extract of T. divaricata flowers. Flower aqueous extract was mixed with 1 m M silver nitrate for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity of SNPs was determined against various bacterial cultures including laboratory isolates using the agar well diffusion method. The SNPs showed the highest antibacterial activity against Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria. The present study envisions on the biosynthesis of SNPs from T. divaricata plant which are emerging as antibacterial therapy in modern medical applications.

This study was conducted to measure the outcome of the influence of country-of-origin image and product positioning on consumers attitude towards madein-Nigeria textiles in South Southern region of Nigeria. A survey design was used in gathering data needed for the research. Copies of questionnaire were self administered to a sample of four hundred (400) consumers. Descriptive statistics was used in the application of percentages and other statistical procedures. Multiple regression analysis was used to establish and measure the relationship between product extrinsic attributes and consumers‟ attitude. The results revealed that there is a significant relationship between country-of-origin image, product positioning and consumers‟ attitude towards made-in-Nigeria textiles. The study recommended that for good country of originimage to be built about Nigeria textile products, in the minds of millions of Nigerian customers; attention should be paid towards facilitating consistency in the production of durable textiles and less corruption within the production process. This will aid in improving the nation‟s economy. Above all, made-in-Nigeria textiles with unique features like; originality, outstanding, fulfillment and convincing, should be properly positioned in the minds of consumers.

Bambara nut (Voandzeia subterrenea (L.) Thouars) is a cheap source of leguminous protein with a good potential as substitute for relatively expensive animal protein, in several food products such as biscuits, particularly in developing countries. Biscuit was produced from blends of wheat flour and fermented bambara nut flour (l00:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50) and was analysed. Proximate composition and protein content of biscuit produced from the flour mixes was higher than that produced with 100% wheat flour, while the moisture content ranged between 2.95 and 5.71%. The carbohydrate components and reducing sugar were in the ranges of 60.29 and/64.99%, and 2.74 and 4.43%, respectively. Sensory data indicated that the fermented bambara nut biscuit with up to 30% were acceptable. Thickness, diameter and spread ratio of the biscuit ranged from 230.33 -285.67mm, 29.00 - 36.67 mm and 61.70 -89.19%, respectively. Consequently, the potentials of fermented bambara nut in biscuit production was established thereby providing alternative composite flour in biscuit production.

Entrepreneurship Development leads to employment creation, growth of the economy those results to sustainable development. Youths on the other hand represents the working force of every society which can bring about economic growth and development of every nation. In order to achieve economic growth and development it becomes imperative that they must be gainfully employed, otherwise, being unemployed means that their energies will be diverted to negative practices which is crime. Even though it is generally acknowledged that social vices are global issue, however, its rate and incidence of criminality varies among youths, states and nations. It has been established by previous work done in this area that high unemployment rate in Enugu State is responsible for high rate of social vices in the state. It is in the light of this, that the role of Entrepreneurship Development as a tool for the reduction of crimes is examined. The study made use of review of literature, where various published and unpublished documents were visited. It was found out that Entrepreneurship Development does not only help to reduce social vices among youths, but also boosts the economic growth and development of nations. It further shows that, the problem of unemployment can be reduced with youths engaging in entrepreneurship practices as a means of creating employment and in turn lessen the problem of crime.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bioferilizer (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Azotobacter chroococcum) on growth of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata), the experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of soil laboratory belong to Directorate of Diyala Agriculture, Iraq during 2017, the experiment included three levels of bio fertilizers 0.08, 0.14 and 0.28 g/plant, it was laid out in randomized complete block design having four treatments with four replications. The results showed a significant increase in cabbage yield in treatments that inoculated with biofertilizer. The highest increase in yield of cabbage (plant weight, head weight, total plant weight (ton\acre) and total head weight (ton\acre)) was achieved in Biofertilizer 0.14 g/plant was reached 1262.375 g, 810.025 g, 14.026 ton\acre and 9.000 ton\acre respectively followed by Biofertilizer 0.28 g/plant, 1113.125 g, 757.875 g, 12.367 ton\acre and 8.421 ton\acre respectively and Biofertilizer 0.08 g/plant, 1000 g, 700 g, 11.111 ton\acre and 7.777 ton\acre respectively as compared with control 731 g, 363g, 8.122 ton\acre and 3.883 ton\acre respectively .

Against Student Satisfaction and Loyalty Impact on Students at University of Mercu Buana Bekasi researcher the research sample was taken a total of 100 active student of Master of Management of the University Mercubuana Bekasi grouped by status semestemya to be sampled proportionally. In this study sample will be used using the formula Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), which is an evolution of structural development, namely and models simultaneous equations in econometrics, then combined with the principles of measurement and psychological (such as factor analysis), and analysis of trajectory and sosiologt and biology into a structural equation model. The analysis shows the validity of the testing performed by using the correlation formula moment.rhitung product obtained from the output, the value is then compared with the value rtabel (0.138) is obtained from a reference standard statistical books. Validity testing showed that all the indicators used to measure the variables used in this study had a correlation coefficient greater than , For samples sebanyak 40 people on a real level α = 5% {0.05}. The results were obtained structural equation Y = 0,74X1 + 0,10X2 + 0,28X3 + 0,56X4 and Z = 1,07Y + 0,17X1 + 0,31X2 + 0,029X3 + 0,15X4. The structural equation it can be seen the value of R² (coefficient of determination) for each of the relationship equation.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of ethanolic and palm wine extract of Phragmanthera capitata stems widely used by traditional healers. Acute toxicity according to the OCDE Guideline 423 showed that the LD50 of ethanolic and palm wine extract was greater than 5000 mg/Kg body weight. Anti-inflammatory capacity was evaluated by hind paw oedema model using carrageenan-induced inflammation in rat. It has showed that palm wine and ethanolic extracts possessed a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity (at the first hour) with 21.47% and 41.24%, respectively, as a percentage inhibition for the 200 and 300 mg/Kg body weight of palm wine extract and 16.95% and 28.21% for the ethanolic extract of same dose as compared with 25.42% for aspirin. The phenol dosage by the Folin-Ciocalteu method showed that ethanolic extract (14420 mg EAA/g dry extract) had a high content relative to the palm wine extract (2570 mg EAA/g of dry extract ). The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the diphenyl-picryl test (DPPH), where the ethanolic extract showed strong antioxidant activity with a EC50 of 0.0085 mg/mL when that of the wine extract was 0.049 mg/mL, after the ascorbic acid (standard) with 0.033 mg/mL. Ethanolic and palm wine extract of Phragmanthera capitata stems are non-toxic and have inflammatory and antioxidant activity that could justify its traditional use.