In this article, I discuss the ways in which technology has been used to build, implement, and maintain an automated report for the purpose of reporting swap transactions that are covered by the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR) and Dodd-Frank Act (DFA) Rule 12b-2. The automated report will use advances in technology, including but not limited to Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Natural Language Processing (NLP), to enhance the regulatory reporting process, exception management, and compliance with EMIR, DFA and across all regions of the globe. All automated reports will be designed so that companies can minimize their need to perform manual processing and maximize the quality, accuracy, and transparency of their reports by converting them to a single format and standardizing the way they collect and submit data to regulators. By utilizing the advanced analytics capabilities in combination with a real-time monitoring, companies will benefit from more timely swap reporting and will ultimately enhance the efficiency of markets for all types of securities. The automated reporting of swaps improves the environment for regulatory reporting in regard to the marketplace, provides a new baseline for the financial services industry's compliance with regulation, eliminates or reduces the possibility of violating regulatory requirements within the financial services sector, decreases the cost of regulatory penalties associated with non-compliance, and improves the reputation of the organization overall.

Transactional sex is a sexual activity that occurs in exchange for material benefits rather than being formally defined as prostitution. Transactional sex is not inherently violent or forced in every case, but it exists on a spectrum between fully consensual relationships and exploitation, depending on circumstances and power balance. Transactional sex occurs in settings of poverty or economic inequality, among students, where sex may be exchanged for fees, grades, or living support, in humanitarian or conflict settings and in relationships involving “sugar daddies/mommies. Female students involved in transactional sex often face heightened sexual and reproductive health risks. This study is aim to evaluate the Impact of Transactional Sex Among Female Students in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study involving 250 women (Teenagers) with age between 18 to 47 years. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to participants. The study lasted for a period of 2 months. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25.0 and p < 0.05 was significant. The results revealed that 60% of the participants were from university, 28% from polytechnics and12% from colleges of education, 80% were single, 80% are aware of transactional sex. Transactional sex was described by the participants as sexual favors in exchange for money 40%, sexual favors in exchange for gift 28%, sexual favors in exchange for grades 28%, and I did not know 4%, 60% agreed transactional sex is common, 80% have engaged in transactional sex (TS), several factors motivated them to engage in transactional sex, 40% of the partner initiate the TS, 76% were academically affected, 60% affects mental health, and 68% agreed that TS has a long term effects on students.

This paper presents a critical strategic analysis of international carbon pricing and its environmental, economic, and social impacts. It examines and reviews the impact of carbon taxes and emissions trading systems (ETS) on the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, technological innovation, and structural change over the long term through systematic literature review and content analysis. This study also considers distributional equity, competitiveness, administrative capacity, and carbon leakage risk and concludes that a carbon price is not a pillar to be used to attain the level of decarburization that would be needed to meet international climate targets but a complementary pillar that should be combined with stronger regulatory, fiscal, and industrial policies. Global cooperation, better policy formulation, strategic revenue application, and emphasis on social equity are thus important in the effectiveness and legitimacy of carbon pricing at the international level.

Evictions in rural Assam, driven by river erosion, floods, and development projects, exacerbate economic vulnerability among displaced communities. This study examines post-displacement impacts on livelihoods, focusing on Dhubri and Majuli districts where over 1.4 million acres of land have been lost since 1950, rendering thousands landless. Affected families, often Mishing and other riverine groups, face income loss from agriculture, unemployment, and reliance on precarious char lands or embankments, with only 9% rehabilitated from 2014-2024 despite policies like the 2020 Rehabilitation Policy. Children suffer educational disruptions, while women encounter heightened gender-based violence risks. Employing a mixed-methods approach with surveys of 200 households and secondary data analysis, findings reveal a 40-60% income drop post-eviction, underscoring policy gaps in Assam's State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC). Urgent reforms in land allocation, skill training, and inclusive adaptation are recommended to mitigate vulnerability.

Areca nut, commonly known as betel nut, holds significant cultural importance in Asian societies. However, its aflatoxin associated losses are more common in Pakistan, Nepal, India and Bangladesh. This study aimed to optimize total aflatoxin determination in areca nut using cost effective, accurate and valid techniques. Various strategic modifications were applied during the method optimization. Blending an 80:20 methanol: water mixture with areca nut sample at high speed, followed by dilution with 15% Tween 20, was found to yield reliable and repeatable results. Validation results aligned with the EU Directive 2002/657/EC and AOAC standard validation guidelines, with % RSD ˂ 20-21% and recovery rates between 60 – 110 %. Detection and quantification limits were low, indicating method sensitivity. Methods were found rugged but showed cross reactivity against tannin and phenolic compounds. Measurement uncertainty was ± 5.8µg/kg for fluorometry and ± 1.9 µg/kg for ELISA. Statistical comparison using ANOVA against the HPLC-FLD reference method revealed no significant differences (p = 0.991), confirming result consistency and homogeneity of variance (Levene’s statistic = 0.009). In conclusion, optimized fluorometry and ELISA methods for aflatoxin analyses in areca nut are cost-effective, reproducible, sensitive, and statistically comparable to the reference method, making them ideal for routine analysis.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common globally prevalent sleep disordered breathing. It is associated with various orofacial malformations and systemic morbidities. The limited level of awareness has left most cases undiagnosed. This study assessed the level of awareness of OSA and its orofacial and systemic complications among dental patients at the Lagos State University teaching hospital (LASUTH), Lagos, Nigeria. It was cross-sectional, involving 120 consenting subjects. Sample selection was by convenient sampling. Data collection was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire to obtain the biodata and the participants' awareness of OSA using the Likert scale. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 24 to assess the descriptive variables and OSA awareness of the subjects. Ordinal logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between the covariates and the participants' awareness of OSA. Statistical significance was determined at p≤ 0.05. The mean age of the participants was 45.7±16.2 years. A few, 23(19.2%), were fully aware of what OSA is. Twenty-six (21.7%) were fully aware that OSA can predispose to dental problems. Seventy-one (59.2%) were aware to a limited extent that some orofacial symptoms could identify people with OSA. Only 27(22.5%), 24 (20%), and 23 (19.2%) were fully aware that OSA is related to high blood pressure, obesity, and sudden death, respectively. In an ordinal regression, the age groups and occupational groups were the determinants of the participants' awareness about OSA (p≤0.05). Intensive education of the population is needed through several forums to increase their awareness of OSA and its complications.

Concrete durability is a critical factor influencing the longevity, safety, and sustainability of infrastructure, particularly under aggressive environmental conditions. Conventional ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete is susceptible to deterioration mechanisms such as chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion, sulphate attack, carbonation, and acid degradation, which compromise structural integrity and service life. The partial replacement of OPC with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance durability while reducing the environmental footprint of concrete. This review critically examines the performance of major SCMs, including fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), silica fume, metakaolin, rice husk ash (RHA), and limestone calcined clay cement (LC3), in aggressive environments. The review highlights how SCMs influence microstructural properties, such as pore refinement, chloride binding, and formation of secondary hydration products, thereby improving resistance to chloride ingress, sulphate attack, carbonation, and acid exposure. While SCMs generally enhance durability, certain limitations, such as increased carbonation depth in high-volume fly ash and slag systems, are discussed. Furthermore, factors influencing performance such as SCM type, replacement level, curing conditions, and exposure environment are analysed.

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of strength and endurance training programme followed by yoga practice, on playing ability among female intercollegiate hockey players. For this purpose, 45 female hockey players who were played in various intercollegiate tournaments in the age category between 19 and 25 years were selected for the study. They were divided into three equal groups, each group consisting of fifteen subjects in which two experimental groups and one control group, in which the group I (n=15) underwent strength training followed by yoga practice, group – II (n = 15) underwent endurance training followed by yoga practice for three days (alternative days) per week for twelve weeks and group III (n = 15) acted as control, which did not participate in any training apart from their regular hockey game practice. The subjects were tested on selected criterion variable as hockey playing ability at prior to and immediately after the training period. For testing the hockey playing ability was assessed by administering Stewart Pitchers’ Hockey skill test, consists of dribbling, passing and goal shooting. Paired sample ‘t’ test was used to find out any difference between pre- and post-test mean values. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to find out the significant difference if any, between the experimental groups and control group on selected criterion variable separately. Since there were three groups involved in the present study, the Scheffé S test was used as post-hoc test. The selected criterion variables such as Stewart Pitchers’ Hockey skill test, consists of dribbling, passing and goal shooting were improved significantly for all the training groups when compared with the control group. But there was no significant difference found between the training groups on selected criterion variables.

HIV infections are difficult to treat disease till date. Not many drugs are there for treating it. In this work effort has been made to identify probable drugs with anti-HIV effects using a technique developed and presented in previous work.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a significant global public health issue, often exacerbated by microvascular and macrovascular damage, resulting in heightened morbidity and mortality. Recognizing modifiable and non-modifiable characteristics linked to diabetic complications is crucial for enhancing preventative efforts and directing personalized medication. Objectives: This study aimed to identify demographic, clinical, lifestyle, and treatment-related factors associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications among adults with diabetes mellitus. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was performed at the National Diabetes Center, Al-Mustansiriya University, from September to December 2025, involving 100 persons with diabetes mellitus. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, smoking status, clinical parameters, glycaemic control (HbA1c), treatment modalities, and diabetic complications were collected. Microvascular and macrovascular complications were defined as composite binary outcomes. Bivariate analyses were performed using appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to identify independent predictors of microvascular and macrovascular complications, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: The prevalence of microvascular and macrovascular complications increased with advancing age and longer diabetes duration. Poor glycaemic control was associated with a higher burden of complications. In multivariable analysis, age was independently associated with microvascular complications, while diabetes duration showed a significant association with macrovascular complications. Smoking status and insulin-based therapy demonstrated trends toward higher complication risk after adjustment for demographic and clinical variables. Conclusions: Age, duration of diabetes, and glycaemic control are key determinants of diabetic complications. Biomarker-based clinical parameters combined with lifestyle and treatment factors provide valuable insight into disease staging and risk stratification. These findings support the importance of early intervention and individualized pharmacotherapeutic strategies to reduce long-term complications in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Women education is an important determinant of social development, economic growth and public health status. At the policy level, India has been trying to address it but regional inequalities continue to remain, especially in semi-urban and rural districts of the North East. Objective: This study aimed to examine the situation of women’s education status in Hojai District, Assam and determine the major socio-demographic, economic and institutional determinants that influences educational attainment. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to November 2021 among 350 women using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Results were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Secondary and higher secondary education was predominant in terms of achievement. Parents' education, family, marriage at an early age and accessibility to schools were significantly related to the educational status. Conclusion: Women’s education in Hojai District is improving slowly but social & economic limitation is blocking the higher educational achievement. Bespoke interventions that respond to poverty at the household, gendered norms and institutional access are necessary.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, most often arising in the setting of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors have long represented the cornerstone of systemic therapy in advanced stages, therapeutic resistance and disease progression are frequent. Recent advances in immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, have reshaped the therapeutic landscape of HCC. Pembrolizumab has demonstrated clinically meaningful antitumor activity and an acceptable safety profile in patients previously treated with sorafenib, as reported in pivotal clinical trials. This article highlights the therapeutic role of pembrolizumab as a second-line option in advanced HCC and discusses its place within current evidence-based treatment strategies, emphasizing the growing importance of immunotherapy in the multidisciplinary management of this disease.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. Its prevalence continues to rise worldwide, with substantial morbidity linked to microvascular and macrovascular complications that influence overall health and the delivery of dental care. In dental practice, DM is clinically significant because it modifies host immunity, vascular function, inflammatory regulation, and tissue metabolism mechanisms that collectively increase susceptibility to oral infections and compromise healing. Common orofacial manifestations include increased risk and severity of gingivitis and periodontitis with alveolar bone loss, salivary gland dysfunction and xerostomia, oral mucosal lesions (including candidal infections and lichenoid reactions), dysgeusia, burning mouth symptoms, and, in severe settings, opportunistic deep fungal infections and osteomyelitis. These changes directly affect treatment planning across specialties. Prosthodontic management requires careful attention to salivary hypofunction, denture-related candidiasis, mucosal fragility, residual ridge resorption, and delayed wound healing, with emphasis on atraumatic techniques, hygiene reinforcement, and appropriate scheduling. Endodontic practice must consider the bidirectional relationship between apical periodontitis and glycemic control, the possibility of slower periapical healing, increased residual lesions, and the need for meticulous infection control and stress reduction to limit hyperglycemic episodes. Orthodontic therapy, particularly in patients with suboptimal glycemic control, demands thorough periodontal screening, the use of light physiological forces, close monitoring, and coordination with the patient’s medical team to reduce risks of infection, impaired healing, and hypoglycemic emergencies. This review synthesizes systemic and oral evidence to provide practical, clinically oriented recommendations for safe and effective dental management of patients with DM, with glycemic control and interprofessional collaboration as central determinants of favorable outcomes.

The study's intention was to individualised and combined impact of speed play training and ladder training on selected bio-motor variables among college men cricket players. This study aimed to contribute a combination of speed play training and ladder training on cricket players for performance enhancement. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to individualised and combined impact of speed play training and ladder training on selected bio-motor physiological and performance variables among college men cricket players. Materials and methods: To achieve the purpose of the study, sixty (60) students participated in the inter collegiate tournament for their respective colleges, affiliated to Hindustan Institute of Technology & Science (Deemed to be University), Chennai in the state of Tamil Nadu, India, India during the year 2022 – 2023 were selected as subjects. The age of the subjects ranged from 18 to 25 years. In which, sixty (60) College students were randomly selected and they randomly assigned into four groups of fifteen (15) subjects each (n = 15). Group I underwent Speed Play Training (SPTG), group II underwent Ladder Training (LTG), group III underwent Combined Speed Play Training and Ladder Training (CSPTALDTG) and group IV acted as Control Group (CG), they were not assigned any specific training, but they were done their regular curricular activities. Their respective training programs for the duration of 12 weeks of 36 morning sessions in addition to their regular programme in their curriculum design. Conclusions: The study concluded that, control group had not shown significant change in any of the selected variables. The experimental groups namely speed play training, ladder training and Combined speed play and ladder training groups had significantly improved the bio-motor variables. Significant differences were found among speed play training, ladder training and combined speed play and ladder training groups had significantly improved the bio-motor variables. It was also concluded that combined speed play and ladder training group was found to be better than other Experimental groups in developing speed, agility, endurance and explosive power.

Non-scarring alopecia results from a loss of hair or reduction in hair follicle growth. Among its forms, traction alopecia is the most common in black women and women of African descent. Although several treatments exist, their use remains limited due to the associated adverse effects. This study aimed to develop hair gels based on mango pectin combined with “makoré” butter as a natural alternative for the management of this condition. The extracted raw materials were characterized. The pectin gel was prepared at 95 °C under stirring at 800 rpm, then dispersed in the lipophilic phase under constant agitation at 1500 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain two formulations, D and D′. The gels were homogeneous, free from air bubbles and with a characteristic odor. They were unstable under centrifugation. Microscopic analysis revealed coarse emulsions, with a better distribution of globules in gel D. Over 28 days, the preparations exhibited minimal variation in pH, reflecting good microbiological stability. Both gels remained stable at 25 ± 2°C. Rheological evaluation showed shear thinning, viscoelastic, and thixotropic behavior. Overall, gel D demonstrated beneficial properties for hair, confirming its potential use for the development of phytocosmetic formulations intended for the management of traction alopecia in black women.