Organic reactions are typically carried out in the presence of solvents. Isolation of the pure products requires separation and purification steps, which result in a substantial decrease in yield and can be environmentally hazardous processes. A simple and efficient way to increase yields and reduce environmental impact is to conduct the reaction in the absence of solvent, which includes solvent free or solid-state reactions. Solvent-free organic reactions have drawn great interest, particularly from the viewpoint of green chemistry, and environmentally friendly solvent-free reactions have been investigated widely. Due to enormous advantages of solvent free reactions, various solvent free approaches are being discovered for ecofriendly synthesis of many compounds. Metal oxide nanoparticles in the form of nanocatalyst have emerged as viable alternatives to conventional materials in various fields of chemistry and attracted marvelous interest of chemists. This is because the activity of the catalyst resides in the exposed portion of the particles by decreasing the size of the catalyst, advantages such as more surface area would be exposed to the reactant, only negligible amount would be required to give the significant result and selectivity could be achieved, thereby, eliminating the undesired products. The nanocatalyst is inexpensive, stable, can be easily recycled and reused for several cycles with consistent activity. The current review enlists the various types of transition metal oxide nanoparticles involved in catalysis of the organic synthesis.

This study looks at the relationship between the airlines operating in the Middle East region and compares their capabilities with their results through secondary research in order to determine best practice. Understanding the cost leadership strategy is key. Carriers often switch strategies which lead to big decisions like depending on low fuel prices for distance or rely on capacity for more sales. Emirates Airlines is taken as a benchmark to instigate vigor for performance and profitability and secondary research is used to ascertain quality. The findings are that the company’s communication and performance building actions lead the airline to have a harmonious organizational culture resulting in more productivity and better product design and management. A skilled workforce and great leadership played crucial in determining a successful outcome. Cost leadership strategies played an important role in determining favorable managerial and business outcomes. Airlines in the region are rarely examined and hence this provides a more in-depth view of business actions that lead to good growth and profitability.

Myiasis is derived from Greek word mias and was coined by hope in 1840. It refers to invasion or infestation of tissues and organs of human beings by dipterous larva which feed on the host‟s living or dead tissue, liquid body substance, or ingested food for certain period of time. Cutaneous Myiasis is the most common type of Myiasis. It is subdivided into 3 types: furuncle, migratory and wound Myiasis. This article reviews current literature, various types and the agents causing it. It also discuses life cycle of each species and various treatment techniques.

Nowadays, when discussing banking, we can not neglect new technologies such as internet banking. The internet banking provides competitive advantage to banks. Internet banking became a need for customers and they demand this facility when they open an account. This paper explains the technology acceptance model and the customer behaviour regarding this innovation system called internet banking. Moreover, the role of this tool is highlighted by the authors. Based on case studies, the paper reveals the importance of this new trend in banking. Technology, finance and customer created this new technology that became a need for everyone of us. The internet banking, using a personal computer or any intelegent device brings the customer closer to the its financial provider. We can talk about customer relationship management by using this new tool and also gaining customer trust and loyality. Future trends in Internet banking and growing the number of users are discussed in the below paper.

Corporate social responsibility remains a topic of interest to researchers and academicians. However, the correlation between its four basic dimensions needs to be supported by more empirical evidence. This paper provides an empirical investigation into the correlations between the corporate economic, legal and ethical responsibilities on the one hand and corporate philanthropy on the other. The size of a corporate in the research model is a moderating variable. A survey was conducted using the questionnaire method to collect data from the executives of 52 companies selected by convenience sampling around Riyadh City in Saudi Arabia. The results of a regression analysis of the data revealed a significant influence of economic, legal and ethical responsibilities on corporate philanthropy. These results have important implications for corporate executives and policy makers to realize the voluntary components of ethical and philanthropic responsibilities after complying with mandatory economic and legal requirements. The study also aims at unraveling the strength of association between the three different types of responsibilities with philanthropy.

Dengue fever is one of the most serious mosquito- borne Arboviral infections affecting tropical and subtropical countries in the world. Due to lack of immune prophylaxis and specific anti-viral therapy, outbreaks occur almost every year. There is a need for rapid diagnosis to prevent morbidity and mortality. The study was conducted to know the seroprevalance of dengue virus in a tertiary care hospital, Nellore. Blood samples received in microbiology laboratory from suspected dengue cases during June 2015 to October 2015 were serologically analyzed. NS1 Antigen, IgG and IgM antibodies were detected employing Dengue Day 1 Test kit (J.Mitra & Co. Pvt Ltd) by solid phase immunochromatographic method. Among the samples collected, 88.69% were positive for NS1 antigen, 3.41% for IgM and 2.77% for IgG. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 71.42% cases, highest being in those positive for NS1 antigen only (301 cases). Combination of antigen and antibody assays on single serum sample, ease and time taken by Immunochromatography test makes it preferable test of choice for making a reliable diagnosis.

This research work studies several forecasting techniques to predict future income generation and its implications on the Nissan Urvan income generation in Anambra State Transport sector .This paper presents three forecasting models (time series decomposition method, winter’s method and Arima method) to analyze data income generation of Anambra State Transport Sector over the period of 2005-2019, it is important to know the trend in Anambra Transport Sector to elicit patterns of incomes generated. However, the models used were based on applicable methodology to facilitate accurate and faster analysis of data. The results reveal that the future income generated for the products will continuously decrease with time. Having observed the values obtained from the models used, it is recommended that the company should employ time series decomposition forecasting model because it gives more accurate result with less error.

The optimum self-focussing materials with an intensity-dependent refractive index and the realization of the ability of these materials to produce intensity dependent phase shift in all-optical photonic devices have become a topic of continuous investigation. Many organic materials including dye-doped polymer films are creating interest due to their advantages in terms of enhanced efficiency, and optimum mechanical properties to fabricate reliable devices. In this paper, we have studied the nonlinear optical properties like nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of a two-photon fluorescent dye DASPB doped in Polymethyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid (PMMA-MA) polymer matrix using open aperture and closed aperture Z-scan experimental methods by means of low power continuous wave (CW) laser beam. The optical limiting properties of these films are also studied using Type 1 and Type 2 configurations at different input powers using continuous wave (CW) laser beams of 532 nm wavelength. The nonlinear refractive index n2, nonlinear absorption coefficient β, changes in refractive index with input intensity, and the magnitude of third-order optical nonlinearity of the dye-doped film are experimentally determined. The saturated output power for type 1 and type 2 optical limiting are determined. The input limiting threshold and saturated output power level for both type 1 and type 2 optical limiting configurations are recorded. DASPB dye-doped in PMMA-MA polymer film has shown saturation absorption at lower input irradiance and reverse saturation absorption along with two-photon absorption at higher input irradiance and hence found to be a potential candidate for the third harmonic property based photonic devices.

This report describes an intelligent street lighting system with integrated solar energy resources and mobile application. Based on the rate of 0.45 fils/KW.hr (fils-UAE currency subdivision), it cost AUS (American University of Sharjah) AED 373,852 per annum (AED-UAE currency)due to the usage of conventional high-pressure sodium lamps in their street lighting. In our project, the proposed solution is to replace all of the conventional lamps with LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamps in AUS and then control them using motion sensors and further develop a mobile application, using which we can control the switching ON/OFF of the LEDs and at the same time check for defected unit. Solar radiation energy is used to charge the battery during daytime, and offer energy to the LEDs light equipment at night. A dimmable Modula is designed and integrated to the system to dim the LEDs at night from 01:00-06:00am. This system has a double advantage- it utilizes renewable energy and also reduces cost.

The behavioural aspect of budgeting has been on the front burners of academic discourse over the years. Recent shift in argument between budget participation and various elements of performance using indirect models which accommodate different moderators and mediators clearly stalled the growth of direct causality studies whose contents are not empirically exhausted. This study examines the direct link between budget participation on one hand and budget goals commitment on the other against financial performance. Both survey and ex post facto designs were used to draw both primary and secondary data for the study. Pearson Correlation and Regression were used to analyse the data obtained from 15 Nigerian listed banks. The results of the analysis reveal a strong and statistically significant link between both budget participation and goal commitment and performance. The former commands more robust positivity which is in consistent with extant studies. Top policy makers in the banking industry are encouraged by the outcome of this study to accommodate the input of tactical and operational personnel in budget designing and implementation process. Such action would further reduce policy resistance and drive up the key corporate bottom-line as this study found.

An observation trial was conducted at the research field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during November 2012 to March 2013. This experiment was under taken to find out the efficiency of weed control in wheat field by the application of sorghum plant parts water extract. The treatments were: i) T1= 2 kg dry sorghum plant parts/10 lit water extract/ha ii) T2= 1 kg dry sorghum plant parts/10 lit water extract/ha and iii) T3= only water spray. Treatment, T1 showed the minimum number of weeds (28) compared to treatment T2 (43). But minimum dry wt of weeds were found in treatment T2.Weed control efficiency, (WCE) was also highest in treatment, T2 (17.08) compared to treatment T1 (13.76). The grain yield was highest in treatment, T2; though the length of spike and no. of grains/spike was highest in treatment, T3 (Only water spray).

In the new global economy, workplace safety has become a central issue among companies all over the world. It is becoming difficult to ignore that this trend has also been happening in Malaysia especially the manufacturing sector. The worrying trend can be seen from the increasing number of workplace accident reported by Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), Malaysia in manufacturing companies. In recent years, researchers have shown an interest in studying the role of safety leadership to reduce workplace accidents. It is found that safety leadership plays a significant role in ensuring a safe and sound workplace. Due to this concern, this paper attempts to provide a conceptualization of safety leadership from the perspective of Malaysia’s manufacturing sector. It is proposed that positive safety leadership leads to reduction of workplace accidents. In response to this matter, it is hypothesized that the higher level of safety leadership will affect the lower level of workplace accidents. A questionnaire from Wu et al. (2008) will be adopted to explain the conceptualization of safety leadership, it is expected that the concept of safety leadership practiced in Malaysia’s manufacturing sector has a similar meaning from the perspective of western researchers.

In this paper, the feature extraction method based on the WPT (wavelet packet transformation) is proposed according to ERD/ERS phenomenon in the motor imagery EEG signals. The method takes the data of the 2005 braincomputer interface competition as the process object. Firstly, EEG signals are preprocessed. Then the average energy difference of wavelet coefficients in the specific frequency bands between C3 and C4 channels extracted with WPT is taken as feature vector. Finally, BP neural network is adopted to classify motor imagery EEG signals of right and left hands.

Experimental pharmacological research of 1-[2-(R-phenylimino)-4-methyl-3-(3-[morpholine-4-yl]propyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]ethane-1-one derivatives. Determination of the nature of the effect of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents in the phenyl fragment of the molecule on expression of the antioxidant activity. Analysis of some aspects of the "structure–activity" relationship. Derivatives of 1-[2-(R-phenylimino)-4-methyl-3-(3-[morpholine-4-yl]propyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]ethane-1-one were synthesized by Hantzsch method. Experimental pharmacological research was carried out on the model of artificial oxidative stress using the emulsion of egg-yolk lipoproteins in vitro as a substrate of oxidation. The substances of group 1 with methyl substituents and group 2 with chlorine substituent posseses pronounced antioxidant activity. The substances of group 2 with methoxy substituent posseses moderate antioxidant activity. Introduction of any substituents leads to a significant change in the level and direction of antioxidant activity of the substances; and it depends on the chemical nature and orientation of the substituents in the phenyl fragment of the molecule. Among the compounds under research four compounds can be recommended as potential antioxidants for further screening studies.

Abstract: Sickle cell disease is one of the commonest reasons for hospital admissions in Bahrain and it considered one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality. However, HRQoL in SCD patients is not well studied in this part of the world. SF 36 questionnaire was administered to a total of 1886 participants, through manual and online methods in SMC and health centers outpatient’s clinics, general society, and through SCD society, out of which 168 were excluded. Of the participants, 420 (24.4%) had SCD, 607 (35.3%) had chronic disease and 691 (40.2%) were disease free. SCD respondents scored significantly lower than the other two groups in HRQoL in all domains of SF-36, with the following means in role-physical 34.1 (SD 36.1), role-emotional 40.6 (SD 41.0), and general health 44.7 (SD 17.7) affected mostly P ≤ 0.001.Adults with SCD in Bahrain showed significant impairment in all domains of HRQoL when compared to the general population. We would recommend conducting further researches to evaluate the factors that may influence the HRQoL in SCD patients.