Abstract: The solar radiation intensity is the primary parameter that affects the PV panel outcomes. However, the solar radiation has a group of wavelengths, and each one of them can influence the solar cell in a different way from other wavelengths. The spectrum wavelengths are related to the energy's frequencies. The present study aimed to find the wavelength/color that causes the highest PV panel outcome and the best electricity conversion. Seven colored filters were added once solo and once again combined but except one. The study results reveal that the PV panel output for the natural spectrum is the highest compared to the other colored light. This is almost certainly due to the loss of light intensity inherent to the tint of the color filters. The blue screen employment resulted in lowest output power compared to the other colored filter. The study results proved that the visible spectrum of the solar radiation affects the solar panel outcomes.

The main aim of this study to explore the relation between the EWOM and Knowledge sharing, the study revel that no theoretical relation between EWOM and Knowledge Sharing, on the other hand the study showed that both of the terms EWOM, WOM and Knowledge sharing using the same mechanism for sharing information. Both of them have their impact on customer satisfaction and intention to buy. Due to shortage of information and research related to the topic the topic need to do more research about this missing research area.

Bridging the generation gap between parent and children is essential. Parents often contribute their share in digging gap between parents and children by pushing the kid's beyond their limits. This happens in two ways. Parents either demands higher than the limits of the child or pushes the child beyond the economical or social limits of parents themselves. This, in future, makes the child going astray from the lifestyle and status of parents. The present paper is an attempt to find out the reasons of Generation Gap. It has been observed that as the parents fussy with the behavior of the children, arguments convert into disputes and there is a high degree of disagreement between how adult children and their parents view their relationship. There are a number of other factors that affect the generations; the strongest and most consistent predictors are sex, age, child’s marital status, and residential proximity.

The purpose of this article is to present the important factors attracting FDI in Rwanda. It attempts to answer the question: "What are the important factors attracting FDI in Rwanda?" to reach the suitable response, a questionnaire was administered to 30 foreign investors in Rwanda registered in different economic sectors such as manufacturing, ICT, banking, mining, education, construction, agriculture, accommodation and fast moving consumer goods. For data analysis, SPSS software has helped to summarize the findings. The study concludes that constitutional and legal protection of FDI, free transfer of capital and profit gains, market and resources availability, strategic location, hospitality towards FDI, security, tax system, high demand level with reasonable competition the key factors attracting FDIs in Rwanda. This article will help economists and potential investors to understand the main determinants of FDIs in Rwanda.

Tests were conducted to investigate the influence of using nanomaterials in the modification and stabilization of soft soil. The soft soils were collected from two different sites and treated with three nanomaterials (nano-copper, nano-alumina, and nano-magnesium). Nanomaterials were added in small amount (≤ 1.0%) by dry weight of the soil. Laboratory tests to determine the compaction characteristics and unconfined compressive strength were performed. Results of the investigation showed significant improvement in maximum dry density, and unconfined compressive strength. The improvement is dependent on the type of nanomaterials. The unconfined compressive strength and maximum dry density increased as the nanomaterials content increased until reach a percentage after which the strength will be decrease. Nanomaterial contents in excess of the optimum content cause agglomeration of particles that adversely affects the mechanical properties of the soils. In general, the addition of finer particles such as nanomaterials, even at low doses, could enhance the geotechnical properties of soil. Also considering the possible negative environmental effects of chemical addition to soils, the possibilities of using nanomaterials as stabilizing agents of soft soils this combined admixture is intended to reduce the cost and promote a more environment-friendly and sustainable stabilizing agent.

The current work reports a new Schiff base [N1-benzylidenebenezene-1,2-diamine(L) = C20H16N2] has been synthesized from benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO) and O- aminoaniline (O-C6H4(NH2)2. Metal mixed ligand complexes of the Schiff base were prepared from chloride salts of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) in ethanol and 8- hydroxyquinoline(8HQ)(C9H7NO) containing sodium hydroxide. All the complexes were characterized on the basis of their; FT-IR and U.V spectra, melting point, molar conductance, and determination of the percentage of the metal in the complexes by flame (AAS). In the all complexes, (8HQ) behaves as a bidentate ligand as primary ligand through –-OH phenolic group and –N groups of pyridine group. Also, the prepared ligand (L) was bidentate in all complexes coordinating through two nitrogen atoms as a secondary ligand. Mixed ligand complexes of bivalent ions of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) of the according to the formula [M(L)( Q)2] in 1:1:2 of molar ratio. The suggest geometry of the complexes appears to be octahedral. The synthesis complexes were tested in vitro for antibacterial activity of ligands and metal complexes to the pathogenic bacteria activity against bacteria (gram +ve) and (gram -ve) has been studied.

Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus fermentum isolated from fermented foods: yoghurt, “ugba” and “kunu-zaki” using MRS agar and a commercially acquired lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were used to produce yoghurts samples A-H from Milksi Powered milk in a 5 hour fermentation process. The three LAB isolates were used singly and in combinations as starter cultures. There was a maximum drop in pH (4-4.8) between the second and third hour of fermentation while the yoghurt produced using S. thermophilus had the lowest pH (5.2) at the temperature of 40oC. The optimum pH for the yoghurt production was 5.5 while the optimum temperature was 40oC. Yoghurt samples B and F had the highest moisture level (P<0.05) while Samples C, E and G had the highest dry matter content. The highest ash content (0.8 ±0.01; P<0.05) was from sample F while Samples D and E had the highest crude fibre content. Sample A had the highest crude fat value (3.95a±0.01; P<0.05), Sample F the highest crude protein content (3.95a±0.01; P<0.05) while the highest carbohydrate content was from Samples C, E, G and H (control). The control Sample (H) had the highest and Hedonic test for sensory properties of the eight yoghurt samples showed that the eight yoghurt samples were acceptable to the panelist indicating that the samples would compete favourably in the market with commercially sold yoghurts.

In order to meet the needs of teachers and students in our school on studying and living for time and other factors, we put forward to establish the logistics distribution system for fast food group purchase. The system simulates the company running on the web application in intelligent mobile phone based on Android system platform. By the system we can release the campus catering information. The individual or a group of teachers and students can use mobile client to choose catering information at any time. Through the unified collection of catering needs, we can realize the fast and uniform distribution. The establishment and operation of the virtual company both establish a quick and effective supply and demand for teachers and students in food and beverage department, but also save the resources, meanwhile provide a new business model for students.

Synthesis and investigation of new Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cr(III)chelates of mixed ligands including aSchiff base [(E)-2-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylideneamino)phenol] (C15H16N2O) derived from the condensation of 4- dimethylaminobenzaldehyde with 2-aminophenol as main ligand (L1) and an amino acid; L-Histidine as co-ligand (L2) were studied. The obtained Schiff base and the mixed ligand chelates were subjected to several physiochemical techniques, in terms of CHN elemental analyses, molar conductivity, magnetic moment measurements, infrared, electronic and mass spectroscopies. The CHN analytical data showed the formation of the Schiff base compound and the mixed ligand chelates in 1:1:1[M:L1:L2] ratio. All the prepared mixed ligand chelates were non-electrolyte in nature. The infrared spectral data exhibited that the used ligands behaving as bidentate ligands towards the metal ions. The 1HNMR spectra of the ligands and their Zn(II) mixed ligand chelate exhibited the effect of the activated groups of the ligands by the metal ion. The electronic spectral results showed the existence of π→π* (phenyl ring) and n→π*(HC=N) and suggested the geometrical structures of the chelates. Meanwhile, the mass spectral data revealed the fragmentations of the Schiff base, Histidine and their Cu(II) mixed ligand chelate. The studies made on these chelates proposed a six coordinated octahedral geometry for all these chelates. The antibacterial activities of the Schiff base, Histidine, metal salts and mixed ligand chelates were screened. It is found that the mixed ligand chelates have the most biological activity in comparison to the free ligands and salts.

National symbols are very instrumental items for a country’s peace, unity and prosperity. The national symbol for instance the national anthem is always sung at the learning institutions and or during the country’s special occasions. Though national anthems just like any other national symbols have a noble role in the country, some countries tend to disregard its letter and spirit. One such country is the Republic of South Sudan (RoSS). Being the newest country in Africa and probably the state that experienced a longer period of civil wars and with the bigger number of the Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), it has been the wishes of the citizens and the people the world over to have a lasting peace and unity. However, since independence in 2011, there have been intermittent ethnic clashes resulting into deaths of many South Sudanese civilians and also loss of property. This is happening despite the fact that its national anthem possesses elements of peace and harmony. In this regard, the paper intends to expose the underlying paradoxes inherent in the national anthem of the RoSS.

Abstract: This paper enables to collect all the relative information about parking brake system, changes of improving the current system. Parking brake is one of the important parts of an aircraft. The function of parking brake system is to slowly stop the aircraft safely at desire place on the ground. The purpose of using the hydraulic accumulator in parking brake system is to store the hydraulic liquid under system pressure. For proper brake operation the accumulator are charged to the pressure of 207 bar. Earlier the manual hand pumping is used to charge the accumulator which is time consuming not so accurate pressure is filled in an accumulator to overcome such problems the battery operated hydraulic rig is developed. This is capable to charge the 50 parking brake accumulators of aircraft once the battery is fully charged. Since it is battery operated so no continuous 3-phase supply is required in the field. Systems will supplies hydraulic pressure to the aircraft parking brake accumulator. The DC motor is operated by a rechargeable LiFePo4 battery, it acts as a source for the motor/pump unit. The pressure switch is used to monitor the pressure in the accumulator. Inline filter is used to filter the oil of the rating 3 micron rating absolute. The LiFePO4 battery charge indication circuit is developed. Hydraulic rig build the 207 bar pressure in the accumulator in an interval of 20sec. The discharge voltage characteristic of LiFePO4 battery and temperature characteristics of pump and dc motor are studied.

Abstract: Well logging curves are carried out normalization correction, the conventional logging data could identify the oil and water beds, but also the oil reservoir with obvious variation and great burial depth. While the shallow buried gases reservoir, the normal interpretation ways aren’t enough to meet the production. After analyzed the characteristics of gas reservoir indication curves such as neutron, density and acoustic logging, the log interpretation methods which base on 3 porosity log curves is proposed. According to the actual well testing, these methods used to identify the shallow-buried natural gas reservoir are economically feasible.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the motivations of the youth FM listeners for the preferred contents. This study serves as a guide and a source of information to radio stations broadcasting for young people or organization that anticipate producing radio programs for the youth. The researcher used the descriptive survey method. The study’s tool for data collection was the questionnaire which contained both open-ended and closed-ended questions. The researcher selected 200 youth from day secondary schools in Nairobi to take part in the study. The study revealed that youth tune to FM stations motivated by three factors namely; need to escape from boredom, need to escape from problems and emotional release. These factors, according to researcher explain why the FM radio listenership is low.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the contents covered by FM stations in Nairobi and how the youth evaluate the preferred content. This study serves as a guide and a source of information to radio stations broadcasting for young people or organization that anticipate producing radio programs for the youth. The researcher used the descriptive survey method. This study looks at youth listenership in Nairobi because Nairobi has the biggest number of FM stations and therefore has the largest number of FM listeners. The youth in Nairobi are more exposed and outgoing and have better access to radios that elsewhere. The tool for data collection was the questionnaire, which contained both open-ended and closed-ended questions. The researcher selected 200 youths from day secondary schools in Nairobi to take part in the study. A research assistant helped in the administering of the questionnaires. The study revealed that youth tune to FM stations mainly for entertainment, news and information on issues affecting them. The study also revealed that peer influence is the leading factor influencing content preference among youth radio listeners. Other factors are personal identity and the need to escape from boredom among others. The study recommendations ways of incorporating music, talk shows, news and educational programs in the program schedule of youth programs. It also recommended identifying the various needs of youth and laying out strategies on how best to meet them.

In order to recognize the Chinese herbal medicine our side and to provide the help for the Chinese herbal medicine lovers, we design a kind of recognition system of herbal medicine by our mobile terminal based on the Android platform. By the application software in our mobile terminal we achieve the Chinese herbal medicine recognition application to meet the requirements of Chinese herbal medicine. The application is focus the functions on storing the information of Chinese herbal medicine by database and querying the information from the database so as to recognize the Chinese herbal medicine by comparison. The system is accomplished with Android platform and Java programming. By the application, we can recognize the Chinese herbal medicine our side by our mobile terminals conveniently.