Access and use to the right kind of information and possession of correct and relevant information resolves various problems faced by individuals in the slum and also helps them in decision making. Limited access to the right information at the right time deprives the slum dwellers the right to development. The information needs of the slum dwellers are not adequately identified and therefore the limited information resources they access and use are usually based on the assumption of information provided, through the public, from among themselves, NGOs, CBOs, the churches and the private sector. Therefore the aim of the study was to evaluate access and use of community information services to Kibera slum dwellers and to suggest the ways in which these services could be enhanced. Examine Information seeking habits of the slum dwellers in Kibera i. Assess the existing information resources and services ii. Establish the extent to which information resources and services meet user needs iii. Identify the format in which information is repackaged iv. Find out Challenges faced by accessing and using of information v. Suggest how access of information services by slum dwellers can be enhanced The major findings of the study were that Kibera slum dwellers faced various challenges which include high cost of information materials, Poor knowledge of existing information resources, poor marketing of information, lack of internet access, distance, language barrier, inadequate and outdated information sources that inhibited effective access and use of information. Recommendations were made based on the research findings.

Teicoplanin induced leukopenia is rare. This case report for 34 years old patient known case of sickle cell anemia diagnosed as osteomyelitis with two episodes of decreased WBC after initiating teicoplanin to cover MRSA strains. WBC increased after drug withdrawal in both episodes. These leukopenias were drug related.

This paper aims to investigate the effect of gender and nationality of 9th and 10th grade students in public and private schools of India, Pakistan and Zimbabwe on their achievement in mathematics based upon achievement data (n=5996) for session 2012-2013 which was gathered manually in 2013 from the participated schools of all the countries (India, Pakistan & Zimbabwe) where each country contributed 2000 sample of students collected from 20 schools and data of four students from Zimbabwe was lost, so total sample of the study was 5996 students. The influence of public and private schools was also examined on students’ achievement for the total sample. Data was analyzed by using t-test, analysis of variance and results of the study indicated that significant differences existed on the mathematics achievement of public and private school students of all the three countries and private school students achieved better in mathematics than public school students indicating private school students still achieve better than students of public schools. Besides, male and female students in public and private schools of each country achieved equal in mathematics indicating no gender disparity even in public and private schools which provides new insight that male and female students achieve equal in public schools as well as in private schools, although, private school students achieve more scores in mathematics than public school students. In addition, analysis of variance indicated that Indian public school and private school students achieve more than students of other two countries. Indian male students of public schools achieved more than public school students of Pakistan and Zimbabwe. Similarly, performance of Indian female students of public schools in mathematics was better than Pakistan and Zimbabwe public school students. Furthermore, both male and female students of private schools of India achieved better in mathematics than male and female private school students of Pakistan and Zimbabwe. Findings show that there was no gender disparity in public and private schools of the examined countries while nationality had significant effect on mathematics achievement of students as Indian students achieved highest in public and private schools than students of other two countries.

Polymeric materials obtained from plant sources have become very versatile excipients for the formulation of pharmaceutical dosage form especially tablet dosage form. This study was aimed at the preliminary characterization of Myrianthus arboreus gum as pharmaceutical excipient. Myrianthus arboreus gum was extracted from the dried powdered leaves of Myrianthus arboreus plant and characterized based on parameters such as micromeritic properties, phytochemical evaluation, viscosity, loss on drying, solubility, ash value and swelling index. The results obtained from this study showed a yield of gum after extraction of 11.34 % and swelling index of 97.63 % after 48 hours. A 1 % w/v dispersion of gum gave pH and viscosity values of 6.73 and 4,333 mPa·s respectively. Myrianthus arboreus gum exhibited fairly good flow properties with angle of repose of 31.65 º, bulk and tapped densities of 0.46 and 0.62 g/ml respectively and Carr’s index value of 25.33 %. The gum was found to swell in cold water, soluble in hot water and insoluble in organic solvents. It can be concluded therefore that Myrianthus arboreus gum could possibly be used as pharmaceutical excipient for the formulation of liquid and solid dosage forms

The importance of soil resources to attain sustainability in crop production, eco-development and protection of environment is an established fact. Management of soil on a scientific basis is essential for sustained and increased agricultural production, on this prime perspective a study on physiochemical characters of soils has been conducted in the Talapilli Taluk of Thrissur District, India. Talapilli is the agricultural dominant area in the District and hence the study help in more understanding of the quality of the soil for proper management practices in agriculture and other sectors as well. The physiochemical characters analyzed in the study are texture, soil depth, slope, erosion, pH, electrical conductivity, primary nutrients like available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and secondary nutrients like magnesium and sulphur. The result indicates that Talapilli has gravelly clay loam and gravelly sandy clay loam soils in higher proportion having moderate to deep soil depth with moderate slope and less to moderate intensity of erosion. As far as chemical composition is concerned in Talapilli Taluk major proportion of soil has pH ranges from 5.1 to 6, that which shows the acidic nature of the soil. The nutrient status is appreciably good in the Taluk except few places in the Taluk that is in the centre, north and northeast of the Taluk. To consider the nutrients in specific available nitrogen and potassium is medium in the Taluk among primary nutrients and magnesium is low and sulphur is high among secondary nutrients.

The performance of personnel of KODAM I / Bukit Barisan communications unit is influenced by many factors. This research analyzes the influence of Leadership, Work Discipline, and Organizational Commitment to Personnel Performance either partially or simultaneously. Population in this research is personnel of transportation unit KODAM I / Bukit Barisan which amounted to 78 personnel. Because the population in this study is less than 100 people then in this study the sampling method using the census method, meaning that all the population sampled in this study. The technique of data analysis using multiple linear regression equation, and continued by testing R Square and hypothesis testing partially and simultaneously with t test and F test. Data analysis tool with SPSS application 23.00. The results showed that Leadership, Work Discipline and Organizational Commitment have positive and significant effect on Personnel Performance either partially or simultaneously. From the results of determination analysis there are other factors that influence the performance of personnel in addition to variables Leadership, Work Discipline and Organizational Commitment. The better the leadership, the Work Discipline and the Organizational Commitment, the better the performance of the personnel of the KODAM I / Bukit Barisan communications unit.

The aim of this study was to compare three types of commercially available brackets for corrosion susceptibility after immersing them in artificial saliva. A total of 360 brackets were used. The brackets were divided in to four groups (Control Group X and Experimental Groups A, B and C). The experimental groups were divided on the basis of duration of immersion in artificial saliva of pH 6.75 ± 0.15. Each group was divided in to corresponding subgroups. The bracket surfaces were analysed using UV –Visible Spectrophotometer and Small Angle Xray Scattering (SAXSS). ANOVA (Analysis of One Way Variance) was used for group comparisons. For post hoc comparisons Newman-Keuls multiple posthoc procedure was applied. Leone and Nu Edge Cr- Co brackets showed progressive signs of corrosion and leaching of Fe and Mg ions after immersion in artificial saliva. Discovery SL brackets showed no signs of corrosion. Leone and Cr-Co Nu Edge are susceptible to corrosion activity in comparison to Discovery SL brackets.

Cutaneous mesenchymal tumors dermal and/or hypodermic are relatively frequent. They are characterised by extreme clinicopathological heterogeneity and dominated by benign tumors. About a series of 126 cases, we have studied the epidemiological, pathological and evolutive profile of these tumors. This is a retrospective study executed at the department of pathology of Moulay Ismail Military Hospital in Meknes-Morocco, between 2014 and 2016. Results: The average age was 41 years-old (15-84 years old). The sex ratio H/F was 1.2. The lower limb was the most frequent location (35%). The surgical pathologic study focused on biopsy material in 100% of cases. 92% of these tumors were benign. They were mainly represented by lipomatous tumors, followed by fibrous and fibro-histiocytic tumors and vascular tumors. 8 % of the tumors were malignant. These were mainly fibrous tumors, followed by vascular tumors. The immunohistochemical study was performed in 11 cases. Surgical treatment was executed in 65% of cases. The evolution was favorable for benign and majority of malignant tumors after a large surgical treatment. One case of death and one case of recidivism were noted. Benign cutaneous mesenchymal tumors have a good prognosis. However, the diagnostic and therapeutic management and the prognostic evaluation of cutaneous sarcomas remain difficult

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental students’ perceptions toward the use of social media (Twitter) in an orthodontic course and the impact of this technology for teaching and learning. An online questionnaire was developed to evaluate 4th year students’ knowledge, use, and perceptions of Twitter for teaching and learning in an orthodontic course at Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy. 85 of the students completed the questionnaire. Of the respondents, 75% reported having used Twitter on a daily bases. 58% of them they didn’t think that they will like the use of twitter for teaching. After their experienced it, 82% they liked it. The students perceived the Twitter sessions as enjoyable and reported it improved their engagement in orthodontic class. The results of this study indicated that students agreed that the use of Twitter had enhanced the learning environment in the orthodontic course.

This is a doctrinal research on the Shariah basis of takaful (Islamic Insurance). The research reveals that that takaful has basis in ancient Arabia in the system of “Aqilah” which involves mutual assistance. It can also be traced down in the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah upon him) and also his companions. Moreover, a study of the primary sources for Muslims (i.e. the Qur‟an and the Sunnah), indicates that members of the first Islamic community effectively applied systems of cooperative risk sharing, long before the beginning of takaful practices. Additionally, in takaful, contributions (premiums) are paid on donation (tabarru) basis, thus the element of gharar is totally avoided. Again, takaful is based on various transactions accepted by the Shariah. Essentially, the contemporary Islamic scholars mentioned that Mudarabah or wakalah or waqf or a combination of the three models is the most appropriate Islamic contracts which should be employed in managing takaful business. Furthermore, Islam does not prohibit accepting a good opinion from others, if it proves to be beneficial. Moreover, takaful shares same philosophy with insurance which is mutual cooperation between members for the sake of mutual cooperation and protection. The idea has been realized from the understanding of how Allah wants Muslims to cooperate in achieving the Ummah‟s interest. Takaful is an example of how Islamic Shariah can help to improve welfare of the Ummah and create new socioeconomic mechanism based on equity, justice and fair play.

Debates about the role and relevance of international law in contemporary world have acquired new intensity in light of the U.S. coalition's decision to invade Iraq in March 2003 without a clear legal basis or even exhausting a diplomatic solution. Some have interpreted the lack of compliance in this case as proof of irrelevance of the U.N. Charter use of force paradigm. Motivated by certain debates, this paper takes a deeper look at how international law regulates the military action on the use of force operates in the broader context of international politics and in what ways it may affect political processes and outcomes in this highly sensitive area. Integrating and building on different perspectives, the first part of the paper explores the effect of using military action on Iraq. The second part then examines the role of international relations in the processes of shaping, justifying and evaluating the diplomatic solutions before using military actions. Eventually, this paper confirms that international law on regulating military action plays a significant role in contemporary international relations.

Literature has confirmed the bitter melon is useful to reduce the levels of blood glucose. A functional food was developed by extracting critical ingredients from bitter melon with advanced techniques. The new ingredient was generally termed as bitter melon peptide, of which had been used as major component of the product in this research. Purpose of this research is testing the effectiveness of this new product in controlling the blood glucose levels of the diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. As a preliminary study, 25 samples were recruited on the basis of volunteer through the participated pharmacies, 52% are female and 80% are aged 45 and above. After a three months period of experiment, the data indicated significant differences in the values of HbA1c and FG between starting (T0) and second month (T2), and T0, and the third moth (T3). The test concluded that the product was effective in reducing blood glucose.

This paper is deals with the robustness property of various intelligent control methods namely Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA), and Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA) for the design of Power system stabilizer for multi machine power system. The problem of robustly tuning of PID based stabilizer design is formulated as an optimization problem according to the time domain-based objective function with some performance indices which is solved by intelligent control methods that have a strong ability to find the most optimistic results. To demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed stabilizers, the design process takes a wide range of operating conditions and system configuration into account. The comparison is carried out in terms of robustness, peak over shoot and settling time of the system dynamic response. For completeness, the performance of conventional controllers is also included. The results of these studies show that the proposed intelligent control methods based PID type stabilizers have an excellent capability in damping power system oscillations and enhance greatly the dynamic stability of the power system in addition to maintaining robustness for a wide range of loading conditions.

Allopurinol is the drug of choice in the treatment of gout It reduces the concentration of urates and uric acid in tissues, plasma and urine, while increasing the concentration of xanthine and hypoxanthine. The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility of Biowaiver study for approval of generic brands of allopurinol tablets without additional in vivo bioequivalence and, to collect information on the safety and efficacy of the different allopurinol tablet brands using simple and cost effective in vitro methods. Physicochemical characteristics comprising drug content, hardness, friability, weight variation, disintegration and dissolution were evaluated for the six brands in comparison with the innovator. Dissolution test was carried under Biowaiver condition and the data analyzed by simple statistics and similarity and difference factors. The assay results showed that all the brands had active pharmaceutical ingredient within the specified official limits except Allo-4- , The crushing strength of three brands (Allo-1-, Allo-5- and Allo-7-) was out of the specified official limits, all the brands were complied with the specified limits For disintegration test, all the brands met the specified limits that stated by USP 32 for dissolution test , and according to f1 and f2 values, all the brands were similar to the innovator except Allo-4 and allo-6. From these results we can conclude that all the brands were met the specified limits for the physical tests, there is a failure of 9 % for content percent, and the brands were not accepted for Biowaiver under WHO criteria

A Rohingya young boy with the diplomat magazine 2014, named Mohammad rafique said that Burmese view to them simply, as ―animals,‖ ―nonhuman‖ or ―aliens.‖ Many inflammatory Burmese politicians and authors refer to the Rohingya as a ―virus.‖ Ordinary Burmese people view us as ―Illegal Bengali‖. Actually there have been decades of propaganda and brainwashing of the general public against Rohingya by various government and non-government organizations. History witnesses that they are being persecuted long after day by Burmese military. Rohingya often faces deadly discrimination since 1962. The Myanmar government treats with them as a ugly animals. Despite world authority‘s evocation, they are driving persecution bulldozer on Rohingya minor community. Recently united nation has defined this killing as a textbook example of ethnic cleansing. Whatever, this paper focuses the conflict and Massacre which is running on Rohingya Muslims community. It also examines the origin and emergence of this crisis and current situation of Rohingya dearth. It discuss about ongoing military campaign against Rohingya ethnic community. This paper illustrates how Myanmar government implicating ethnic cleansing day after day .It also analyzes international response to protect Rohingya Muslims .This paper describe major clash between Myanmar and Rohingya group since 1962.