This article is dedicated to define the role and influence of social network on civil society. The authors have done comparative legal research making a thorough analysis of those issues in the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Kazakhstan. They gave examples of positive and negative effects of social network on civil society. As one of the important tools of modern society, social network has an important role in the formation and development of civil society in every country. However, global and domestic social network lead role in threat response for violation and crime. State regulation is required concerning them. The authors used comparative legal and descriptive research method to reveal those issues and suggested proposal aimed at promoting and improving safe social network in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The Effect of Carbamazepine on EEG tracings of some people with Seizure Disorders was studied on human subjects. This study conducted within 12-24 weeks was a prospective descriptive study involving 30 people with age range of 18-81years coming to University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) on account of seizure disorders. The electrical activity of the brain was scanned with the placement of EEG Electro cap (with electrodes connected to the EEG equipment) on each person’s head while in sitting position and subjects were asked (at regular intervals) to close/open their eyes, hyperventilate and under photic stimulation. The results obtained from the voltage/amplitude showed no significant difference in the varying states of eye open and photic stimulation (734.23 ± 0.034) in all the regions of the head at p≤ 0.05. The background frequency showed a significant difference after carbamazepine treatment regimen (479.88 ± 0.86) in all regions of the head at p≤ 0.01 different from before treatment. From the total analysis obtained, carbamazepine decreases the voltage/amplitude, increases the background activity and reduces epileptiform activity observed during recording. From the results on voltage/amplitude of scalp EEG tracings of people, the treatment with the anti-epileptic drug has a dampening effect and suppresses the abnormal electrical impulse of the nerve cells in the human brain, thereby improving the transmission of electrical signals inside the brain. These results showed that carbamazepine reduces epileptiform activity which are indicated by spikes, sharp waves, electrographic seizures, and some other stereotyped phenomena which are strongly associated with seizures

This study assessed the growth rates of cotton production in West Africa under Nigeria‟s different policy periods. Time series data for a period of fifty five years (1960-2014) was collected from secondary sources and the analytical tools used were descriptive statistics, Ordinary Least Square regression model, t-test, and Exponential Growth Rate Model. Findings showed that the instantaneous growth rates of cotton production in Nigeria are – 4.5%, 8.9%, - 1.7%, and 1.5 % for pre – SAP, SAP, post – SAP, and the entire periods respectively and the compound rates of growth of cotton production in Nigeria are – 4.4 %, 9.3%, -1.7%, and 1.5% for the pre – SAP, SAP, post – SAP, and the entire periods respectively. The compound rate of growth of cotton production in the SAP era was found to be higher than that of the pre – SAP and post – SAP periods in Nigeria. By implication, the policy reforms in the SAP period were more effective in ensuring increased growth of cotton production in the country over that of other periods. Hence, the Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAP) was beneficial to cotton farmers with its multiplier effect on increased production in Nigeria.

A few studies concluded that EASI with oxytocin is a better method of induction than prostaglandin E2 gel whereas a few others observed that EASI efficiency similar to that of prostaglandin compounds. We planned a comparative study of oxytocin and prostaglandin E2 gel in induction of labour in high risk pregnant women from Tamil Nadu from a tertiary care health centre. This study was a prospective study carried out for high risk pregnant women admitted for a medically indicated induction of labor at Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University. A total of 100 cases were randomly distributed in two groups- 50 cases on cerviprime gel (study group) and 50 cases on oxytocin (control group). Changes in the Bishop scores, labor progress, various labor end points and outcomes of labor were assessed. In Cerviprime (Study group), improved Bishops Score was observed in 2 (4%) study subjects in whom initial Bishops Score was 0 whereas in Oxytocin (Control group), improved Bishops Score was observed in 1 (2%) study subject in whom initial Bishops Score was 0. Cesarean delivery was the outcome of intervention in 8 (16%) study subjects in Cerviprime (Study group) and 20 (40%) participants in Oxytocin (Control group). In both the groups i.e. Cerviprime (Study group) and Oxytocin (Control group), Hyper stimulation and Uterine Inertia were commonly noted Intra-partum complication whereas PPH was most common post-partum complication. Cerviprime can be used as a good tool for induction of labour and as a cervical ripening agent because of its safety to the mother and the foetus. Maternal outcome variables, i.e., induction-labour interval and induction-delivery interval are less in cerviprime as compared to Oxytocin.

Though national surveys and cross-country data in India are unavailable, there are indirect indications from several smaller reports that Nonmelanoma skin cancer may be on the rise in India. The aim of this study was to analyze the Quality of Life of skin cancer patients. Retrospective cohort of patients operated for non-melanoma skin cancer in last 1 year and paid postoperative 4-month visit formed the study population. Inclusion criteria consisted of subjects operated for non-melanoma skin cancer and paid follow up visits having sufficient physical and mental capacity. 26 subjects fulfilled the selection criteria laid down thus included in this study. Study tools were records of patients, which were obtained from Medical Records Section. If any more information was required, study subjects were contacted. Out of total 26 study subjects, Basal cell carcinomas were found in 96.15% (n=25); squamous cell carcinoma was detected in 3.85% (n=1). Single location wise more lesions were located on the nose 12.77% (n=6) and forehead 8.51% (n=4). For most patients (69.23%), the lesion had not been previously treated. 57.69% subjects did not had any other associated co-morbid condition. Paired sample t-tests revealed a significant effect on DLQI item 1 (p=0.007), item 2 (p=0.042), and item 4 (p=0.002), with scores decreasing (improving QOL) after treatment. The change in total DLQI score demonstrated a trend toward significance, with overall QOL improving after treatment (p=0.038). Formerly commonly used dermatological Quality of life tools revealed minimal handicap at initial diagnosis and slight change after treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Although the associations were uncertain, improvement in some aspects of well-being after treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer was demonstrated

Dengue fever is one of the most serious mosquito- borne Arboviral infections affecting tropical and subtropical countries in the world. Due to lack of immune prophylaxis and specific anti-viral therapy, outbreaks occur almost every year. There is a need for rapid diagnosis to prevent morbidity and mortality. The study was conducted to know the seroprevalance of dengue virus in a tertiary care hospital, Nellore. Blood samples received in microbiology laboratory from suspected dengue cases during June 2015 to October 2015 were serologically analyzed. NS1 Antigen, IgG and IgM antibodies were detected employing Dengue Day 1 Test kit (J.Mitra & Co. Pvt Ltd) by solid phase immunochromatographic method. Among the samples collected, 88.69% were positive for NS1 antigen, 3.41% for IgM and 2.77% for IgG. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 71.42% cases, highest being in those positive for NS1 antigen only (301 cases). Combination of antigen and antibody assays on single serum sample, ease and time taken by Immunochromatography test makes it preferable test of choice for making a reliable diagnosis.

This study will analyze the impact of terrorism on foreign direct investment in Pakistan. Since Pakistan become non-Natto alley and play a vital role in “War of terror”, this also affected foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow in Pakistan. Therefore this studies empirically analysis the impact of terrorism on FDI inflow to Pakistan for the period 2001-2016. We applied OLS, ADF unit root, Cointegration analysis for the estimations and found that FDI inflow has adverse effect on FDI inflow in Pakistan. Government need to control the terrorist activities in country that might help to increase the FDI inflow to the country.

The use of phosphate solubilizing microorganism to dissolve phosphate content of phosphate ore instead of conventionally methods is an ecologically safe and economically reasonable. The objective of the present study is to study the factors affecting on dissolution of phosphate content in Abu Tartur phosphate ore by using fungus.The serial dilution method was performed to inoculums solutions to achieve microorganisms isolation which obtaining one fungus that has ability to dissolve phosphate ore and is identified by 18 sRNA as Aspergillus niger. The optimum conditions of bioleaching of Abu Tartur phosphate ore were 7 days incubation period at glucose-yeast extract medium, 2x106 SFU of A.niger for 50 ml medium, 0.5% Abu Tartur phosphate ore incubated at 30 °C. different carbon and nitrogen sources were evaluated which peptone was the best nitrogen source, glucose the best carbon source, the best diameter of conical flask base for bioleaching process was above 4.5 cm , no significant effect of addition factor, also there was decreasing in pH and increased in redox potential, initial pH 6, shaking flask is at 150 rpm. The efficiency of A. niger for phosphate content dissolution of Abu Tartur phosphate ore by applying all optimum conditions was 100%.

This study looks at the relationship between the airlines operating in the Middle East region and compares their capabilities with their results through secondary research in order to determine best practice. Understanding the cost leadership strategy is key. Carriers often switch strategies which lead to big decisions like depending on low fuel prices for distance or rely on capacity for more sales. Emirates Airlines is taken as a benchmark to instigate vigor for performance and profitability and secondary research is used to ascertain quality. The findings are that the company’s communication and performance building actions lead the airline to have a harmonious organizational culture resulting in more productivity and better product design and management. A skilled workforce and great leadership played crucial in determining a successful outcome. Cost leadership strategies played an important role in determining favorable managerial and business outcomes. Airlines in the region are rarely examined and hence this provides a more in-depth view of business actions that lead to good growth and profitability.

Organic reactions are typically carried out in the presence of solvents. Isolation of the pure products requires separation and purification steps, which result in a substantial decrease in yield and can be environmentally hazardous processes. A simple and efficient way to increase yields and reduce environmental impact is to conduct the reaction in the absence of solvent, which includes solvent free or solid-state reactions. Solvent-free organic reactions have drawn great interest, particularly from the viewpoint of green chemistry, and environmentally friendly solvent-free reactions have been investigated widely. Due to enormous advantages of solvent free reactions, various solvent free approaches are being discovered for ecofriendly synthesis of many compounds. Metal oxide nanoparticles in the form of nanocatalyst have emerged as viable alternatives to conventional materials in various fields of chemistry and attracted marvelous interest of chemists. This is because the activity of the catalyst resides in the exposed portion of the particles by decreasing the size of the catalyst, advantages such as more surface area would be exposed to the reactant, only negligible amount would be required to give the significant result and selectivity could be achieved, thereby, eliminating the undesired products. The nanocatalyst is inexpensive, stable, can be easily recycled and reused for several cycles with consistent activity. The current review enlists the various types of transition metal oxide nanoparticles involved in catalysis of the organic synthesis.

Myiasis is derived from Greek word mias and was coined by hope in 1840. It refers to invasion or infestation of tissues and organs of human beings by dipterous larva which feed on the host‟s living or dead tissue, liquid body substance, or ingested food for certain period of time. Cutaneous Myiasis is the most common type of Myiasis. It is subdivided into 3 types: furuncle, migratory and wound Myiasis. This article reviews current literature, various types and the agents causing it. It also discuses life cycle of each species and various treatment techniques.

Nowadays, when discussing banking, we can not neglect new technologies such as internet banking. The internet banking provides competitive advantage to banks. Internet banking became a need for customers and they demand this facility when they open an account. This paper explains the technology acceptance model and the customer behaviour regarding this innovation system called internet banking. Moreover, the role of this tool is highlighted by the authors. Based on case studies, the paper reveals the importance of this new trend in banking. Technology, finance and customer created this new technology that became a need for everyone of us. The internet banking, using a personal computer or any intelegent device brings the customer closer to the its financial provider. We can talk about customer relationship management by using this new tool and also gaining customer trust and loyality. Future trends in Internet banking and growing the number of users are discussed in the below paper.

Corporate social responsibility remains a topic of interest to researchers and academicians. However, the correlation between its four basic dimensions needs to be supported by more empirical evidence. This paper provides an empirical investigation into the correlations between the corporate economic, legal and ethical responsibilities on the one hand and corporate philanthropy on the other. The size of a corporate in the research model is a moderating variable. A survey was conducted using the questionnaire method to collect data from the executives of 52 companies selected by convenience sampling around Riyadh City in Saudi Arabia. The results of a regression analysis of the data revealed a significant influence of economic, legal and ethical responsibilities on corporate philanthropy. These results have important implications for corporate executives and policy makers to realize the voluntary components of ethical and philanthropic responsibilities after complying with mandatory economic and legal requirements. The study also aims at unraveling the strength of association between the three different types of responsibilities with philanthropy.

This research work studies several forecasting techniques to predict future income generation and its implications on the Nissan Urvan income generation in Anambra State Transport sector .This paper presents three forecasting models (time series decomposition method, winter’s method and Arima method) to analyze data income generation of Anambra State Transport Sector over the period of 2005-2019, it is important to know the trend in Anambra Transport Sector to elicit patterns of incomes generated. However, the models used were based on applicable methodology to facilitate accurate and faster analysis of data. The results reveal that the future income generated for the products will continuously decrease with time. Having observed the values obtained from the models used, it is recommended that the company should employ time series decomposition forecasting model because it gives more accurate result with less error.

The optimum self-focussing materials with an intensity-dependent refractive index and the realization of the ability of these materials to produce intensity dependent phase shift in all-optical photonic devices have become a topic of continuous investigation. Many organic materials including dye-doped polymer films are creating interest due to their advantages in terms of enhanced efficiency, and optimum mechanical properties to fabricate reliable devices. In this paper, we have studied the nonlinear optical properties like nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction of a two-photon fluorescent dye DASPB doped in Polymethyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid (PMMA-MA) polymer matrix using open aperture and closed aperture Z-scan experimental methods by means of low power continuous wave (CW) laser beam. The optical limiting properties of these films are also studied using Type 1 and Type 2 configurations at different input powers using continuous wave (CW) laser beams of 532 nm wavelength. The nonlinear refractive index n2, nonlinear absorption coefficient β, changes in refractive index with input intensity, and the magnitude of third-order optical nonlinearity of the dye-doped film are experimentally determined. The saturated output power for type 1 and type 2 optical limiting are determined. The input limiting threshold and saturated output power level for both type 1 and type 2 optical limiting configurations are recorded. DASPB dye-doped in PMMA-MA polymer film has shown saturation absorption at lower input irradiance and reverse saturation absorption along with two-photon absorption at higher input irradiance and hence found to be a potential candidate for the third harmonic property based photonic devices.