The need to communicate with the other members of the society for different purposes leaded to the need to learn a foreign language, a second language. Thus the people who spoke two or more languages have more access on communication. The easy way to communicate that was as the result of knowing a foreign language, had a lot of advantages in every field of life. Nowadays speaking and writing another language is more than a necessity. The following paper treat the effectiveness of bilingual education as a theoretical concept, how help the young learners and the benefit in the Albanian education system. The Albanian education system now days have changed and these are reflected even in accepting and entering a foreign language to the school system. Classes have pupils/ learners of different background and teachers use several methods and programs. According to the level of the classes there are used different programs.

This study was conducted to examine how faculty development programs impact on turn over intentions of faculty working in business schools in Kerala state which is approved by All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE). This study also aims to evaluate the relationship between demographic variables of faculty and staying intentions of teaching faculty. Data in this empirical and exploratory study came from responses to scheduled questionnaire and follow-up interviews of 113 faculty members. Turnover intention period of faculty or attrition rate are dependent on Faculty Development Program in business Schools. Married female faculties are willing to continue their job more number of years than married male faculties in institution. Ideal and qualified faculty is the resource of great worth which will ultimately improve the institutional standards in terms of quality and productivity. Every business school strives to recruit qualified faculty who can only produce highly competent and socially responsible students. Therefore, it is crucial for business schools to retain the talented faculty by equipping them with number of training and development programs as and when it is needed. Feedback and results of this study can better serve as a resource for decision making about effective talent management practices for administrators of business schools and policy makers. Findings of this study provide data and information that will bring down faculty turnover ratio in business schools.

The purpose of this study is to identify and find community participation in education which is part of effective school management implementation through leadership of principal in making effective school in Jambi Province. Effective school management describes schools that have good, transparent and accountable management that are able to empower all school components to effectively achieve school goals. The research methodology used is descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection techniques using observation, interview and documentation. For validity technique of data using triangulation in three research locations, Senior High School 1 Jambi City, Senior High School 1 Bungo and Senior High School 1 Merangin The results research of the study are: (1) effective school management at three high schools in Jambi Province (Senior High School 1 Kota Jambi, Senior High School 1 Bungo and Senior High School 1 Merangin) has been implemented through management function, (2) of the three schools, its found that the community participation to support of effective school at Senior High School 1 Jambi city is relatively low, (3) community participation at the three schools is evident, in which they successfully achieve the educational objectives and targets that have been established with the involvement of school committees and stakeholders. The conclusion of this study is that the minimum level of community participation at schools seems to be the result of unclear procedures of school committee recruitment. In most cases, the members of school committees are on the basis of familiarity and popularity. In addition, poor communication between school committees and school as well as unclear roles and responsibility contribute to the low level of community participation in education.

Cutaneous mesenchymal tumors dermal and/or hypodermic are relatively frequent. They are characterised by extreme clinicopathological heterogeneity and dominated by benign tumors. About a series of 126 cases, we have studied the epidemiological, pathological and evolutive profile of these tumors. This is a retrospective study executed at the department of pathology of Moulay Ismail Military Hospital in Meknes-Morocco, between 2014 and 2016. Results: The average age was 41 years-old (15-84 years old). The sex ratio H/F was 1.2. The lower limb was the most frequent location (35%). The surgical pathologic study focused on biopsy material in 100% of cases. 92% of these tumors were benign. They were mainly represented by lipomatous tumors, followed by fibrous and fibro-histiocytic tumors and vascular tumors. 8 % of the tumors were malignant. These were mainly fibrous tumors, followed by vascular tumors. The immunohistochemical study was performed in 11 cases. Surgical treatment was executed in 65% of cases. The evolution was favorable for benign and majority of malignant tumors after a large surgical treatment. One case of death and one case of recidivism were noted. Benign cutaneous mesenchymal tumors have a good prognosis. However, the diagnostic and therapeutic management and the prognostic evaluation of cutaneous sarcomas remain difficult

The industrial revolution is explained in many different ways. It is explained as a rapid growth of the manufacturing industry, it is explained as the structural shift in the economy, the shift in which large population moved away from agriculture sector to the mining and manufacturing sector between mideighteenth and mid-nineteenth centuries. One other explanation is that industrial revolution is something where there was a continuous advancement in the national income. There were two industrial revolutions, first industrial revolution stayed from late eighteenth century to early nineteenth century. Then after 1825, the pace of the path-breaking inventions slowed down which marked the end of the first industrial revolution. The major technological developments again picked up in the late nineteenth century which led to the second industrial revolution. In this paper, major technological differences and differences in terms of banking and financing of firms between first and second industrial revolution were analyzed. It was concluded that technological developments like the invention of power loom and stream engine and improvement in the technology of iron making became the major reason behind the first industrial revolution. Technological developments in the industries of gas lightning, chemicals, glass making, transport machine and the paper machine played a major role the second industrial revolution. During the first industrial revolution increase in the number of country banks, the increased network of the joint and country banks and the coming of Bill-workers changed the banking and financing of firms. During second industrial revolution emergence of clearing banks and cheques, declining of bills and the institutions in which people could deposit their savings emerged which revolutionized the banking and financing of firms.

Ultrasonography is the most common screening test for cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. It is easy, non invasive, and safe and a highly accurate imaging technique that can also detect associated lesions of the liver, pancreas and common bile duct (CBD). Recent studies have demonstrated that laparoscopic removal of gallbladder may be accomplished with a morbidity and mortality rate comparable to or less than that of traditional open cholecystectomy. The present study was conducted to look for some predictive factors on ultrasonography of gallbladder that can give surgeon some idea about the potential difficulty and complications that may be encountered during the course of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study presents analysis of 51 patients of cholelithiasis, requiring elective cholecystectomy from 1st May 2008 to 30th April 2009. The study was conducted in the Department of Surgery and Department of Radio diagnosis, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (M.P.). The ultrasonography of the patients was done on the day of surgery in the department of Radio diagnosis, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior. The patients were fasting overnight for the maximal distention of the gallbladder. The ultrasonography was done with 3.5 Mhz probe on Diatonic spectra color Doppler ultrasound on B mode, gray scale, real time scan.The mean gallbladder wall thickness in the study was 2.9 mm (maximum - 5.6 mm and minimum – 1.8 mm). There were 8 patients who had gallbladder wall thickness more than 4 mm. There were 7 (13.2%) patients with contracted gallbladder. There were 6 (11.76 %) patients with gallstone impacted at the neck of gallbladder or Hartman's pouch. There were only 2 patients with common bile duct diameter more than 6 mm. Out of total 51 cases 7 (13.72%) cases were converted to open procedure. Significant correlation was found between the independent ultra-sonographic parameters (that is gallbladder wall thickness, contracted gallbladder, stone impaction at the neck of gallbladder) with the difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy and their subsequent conversion to open cholecystectomy. The most valuable assessment the ultrasound can provide is the gall bladder wall thickness, gall bladder size, CBD diameter and CBD stones and any abnormal anatomy of the biliary tract if present. Thick gallbladder wall is a finding, which may show that more adhesions may be found during surgery.

Debacle reaction and recuperation endeavors require auspicious association and coordination of open crisis benefits so as to spare lives and property. Today, IT is utilized as a part of this field just to a restricted degree; however there is a huge potential for expanding productivity and viability in adapting to a calamity. In this paper we outline necessities and imaginative innovation for an incorporated fiasco administration correspondence and data framework, tending to specifically arrange, setup, planning and information administration issues amid the reaction and recuperation stages.

The Swedish financial crisis, dealing with financial deregulation and the boom in the late 1980s, the bust and the financial crisis in the early 1990s, the recovery from the crisis and the bank resolution policy adopted during the crisis are reviewed. The paper focuses on: the causes and consequences of the financial crisis, and the applicability of the Swedish model of bank crisis management for countries currently facing financial problems.

Many renewable energy-based systems are being used to increase the utilization of renewable energy as they have huge potential nowadays; the investigation of the utilization of fuel cells and solar energy in cars are important where the investigation and understanding of the technical aspects are crucial such as how the flow of electrons creates direct electric current in both fuel cells and photovoltaic systems. In this article, a prototype of a car used hydrogen produced on board by analyzing water. This hydrogen used to operate a fuel cell that generates electricity capable to run a car. The characteristic curves of the fuel cell were measured and evaluated. The results show that this type of cars can be promising in the next few years.

Cinnamon has a long history both as a spice and as a medicine. This study was carried out to screen the phytochemicals of the extract as well as to evaluate the acute (LD50) and sub-chronic toxicities of aqueous bark extract of Cinnamomum verum in rats. A total of twenty eight rats were used in this study, thirteen for acute toxicity test and fifteen for sub chronic toxicity. The acute toxicity study was done in two phases; in phase I, nine rats were divided into three groups of three rats each and were administered the aqueous bark extract of Cinnamomum verum at different doses of 10, 100 and 1000mg/kg body weight orally. The rats were observed for mortality and general behavior for 24hrs. In phase II, four rats were administered with aqueous bark extract of Cinnamomum verum at higher doses of 1500, 2500, 3500 and 5000mg/kg and were observed for mortality and other signs of toxicity for 24hrs. For the sub chronic toxicity experiment, fifteen rats were divided into five groups of three rats each. Group 1 was the control group, groups II to V were orally administered 50, 100, 150 and 200mg/kg of aqueous bark extract of Cinnamomum verum respectively for four weeks. The rats were sacrificed and blood samples collected for biochemical analysis of liver and kidney functions. The result of phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, reducing sugars, flavonoids, steroids, resins and cardiac glycosides. Acute toxicity revealed that the extract was practically non-toxic with oral LD50 greater than 5000mg/kg body weight. The levels of ALP, ALT, AST and TP of the test groups decreased significantly (p<0.05) with respect to control group while serum TB, ALB increased with respect to control group. A significant decrease (p<0.05) in serum electrolytes, creatinine and urea and an increase in serum bicarbonate was observed in extract administered groups in a dose dependent pattern compared to normal control. In conclusion, these results showed that the extract is rich in phytochemicals and was found to be relatively safe at administered doses

In the State of Qatar, the intense and rapid urban development based on hosting upcoming mega events, as envisioned by Qatar‟s National Vision (QNV- 2030), have raised concern about community stability as it faces modernization in both physical and social aspects. A declining sense of community amid has been associated with interactions within urban amenities and form that trigger social problems, diminish a community‟s well-being and delay development. The integration of a community within the urban physical realm contributes to the development of sustainable communities. The research study aims to identify major urban concepts that contribute to resilience in both socio economic and demographic context. Qualitative community sustainability is investigated in Al-Wakrah city neighborhood through site visits, observation and interviews in order to establish a measure for urban characteristics that are catalysts for sustainable community development in future urban planning decisions.

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between social intelligence and change leadership behaviors. Seventy-six managers of five listed firms in Thailand were gathered for data collection through the modified version of TromsØ social intelligence scale and a newly developed scale of change leadership. Using stepwise regression analysis, results of this study revealed that social information processing explained 22% of variance (R2 = .222, F (1, 76) = 21.106, p < .001), which demonstrated a significantly positive relationship between social information processing and change leadership (β = .471, p <.001). This can be concluded that the more managers had social information processing characteristic, the more likely they would demonstrate their change leadership behaviors. Discussion, limitations, and recommendations for further studies were also discussed.

In this paper, I argue that there is clear evidence of neglect of higher education in post-independent South Sudan. The study, therefore, interrogates the scope of the higher education crisis in the country and assesses prospects for change from the standpoint of equity and quality using institutionalism as a theoretical framework. The study points out that the crisis of the system runs through the tapestry of South Sudan’s history of state formation against which the variable of nation-building at the dawn of Independence in 2011 has failed to assign adequate value for higher education in the pursuit of the objectives of national transformation in particular, and modernisation in general. It remains to be seen if the political leadership and the academic community could define the payload of South Sudan’s higher education system as the country transitions into a constitutional democracy capable of according greater autonomy and initiative to its universities; and revisiting the whole gamut of post-secondary education in order to render it more responsive to addressing the needs of society, particularly in non-academic streams of learning. Besides the historical and institutional challenges, the higher education system of South Sudan must expedite its internationalisation as its formative years wane out. The fundamental requirement is for its competent and dynamic scholars to lead a spirited dialogue and concerted action that should not be broken off by recurrent political violence. This is a must if South Sudan is to stand on the cusp of real transformation in its higher education landscape.

One of the common clinical observations regarding long-standing diabetes is peripheral neuropathic pain, probably due to its destructive effects on the pain modulating neurons of the dorsal gray column of the spinal cord. Accordingly, the current study was aimed to analyze the effect of experimental hyperglycemia on pain modulating neurons in the lamina I-III of lumbar region of spinal cord of albino rats. Thirty-six albino rats with average weight ~250 g were grouped equally into six. Diabetes was induced with a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg, i.p.). At the end of each experimental period, rats were euthanized by deep ether anesthesia, blood was collected and animals were perfused with Karnovsky fixative. Spinal cord was dissected and processed for histopathological and morphometric parameters and blood for biochemical analysis. Biochemical analysis of all diabetic groups revealed increased serum creatinine and reduced serum total protein. Histopathology and histomorphometry of dorsal gray column and ependymal cells and surrounding structures revealed that with the progressively increasing duration of hyperglycemia was associated with decreased number of pain modulating neurons in the lamina I-III as well as ependymal cell and in addition deposition of collagen fibers in the tunica adventitia of spinal arteries and around the small spinal vessels. The associations of long-standing hyperglycemia with reduction of dorsal gray column inter neurons, demyelination of nerve fibres and excessive deposition of collagen fibers in the tunica adventitia of blood vessels appear to be important contributing factors likely to be responsible for the diabetes-induced peripheral neuropathic pain

Management uses strategic concepts to make the allocation of resources more effective in achieving educational goals. The process that plays an important role in determining strategic objectives is developed by various conflictive forces from within and outside. Like STAI Chairman Ibnu Sina, lecturers, stakeholders, students, parents, campus supply providers, central and provincial governments, municipalities and social groups are paying attention to campus programs. Educational institutions need to identify competitors' strategies, objectives, strengths, weaknesses, and patterns of reaction, they also need to know how to design effective information systems.