The pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor of the salivary glands. It accounts for 45 to 65% of benign salivary gland tumors. It develops most often in the main salivary glands, especially the parotid, but it can also reach the accessory salivary glands, such as those of the palate or rarely the upper lip. We report a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the upper lip. Patient of 32 years, admitted in our formation for a painless tumefaction of the upper lip, evolving since 6 months. The clinical examination showed a subcutaneous nodule of the superior white lip, of firm consistency, mobile relative to the underlying planes, about 1 cm in diameter. Surgical excision was performed under local anesthesia with a cutaneous approach and removal of the tumor without breaking the capsule. Histological examination revealed a pleomorphic adenoma. Currently there has been no recurrence after three years of decline. The pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor of the salivary glands, its preferential localization is the parotid gland, rarely in the accessory salivary glands. The labial localization is very rare. It mainly affects young adult males, often asymptomatic, slow-growing, of firm consistency, well circumscribed in most cases and closer to the mucosa in relation to the skin. Our case has the particularity of being subcutaneous, which posed the differential diagnosis with a tumor of cutaneous origin. The positive diagnosis is based on surgical excision with histological examination. The potential for recurrence is very important, the excision must be complete with a margin of safety avoiding the major capsular intrusion factor risk of recurrence, and prolonged surveillance is required for the search for recurrence or malignant transformation

Abstract: Water distillation and provision of drinking water takes a high percentage of electricity generated in many countries of the world. Solar distillation benefits from the sun's free energy in purifying salty or contaminated water and making it drinkable. In this study, a single distillation was produced and a distillate production was studied in the Spring of Baghdad-Iraq in 2017. A fan used to cool the glass cover was used at 12 noon. In other experiments, the lid was sprayed with water to cool. The results showed that the cooling of the glass cover in both methods caused the distillation of the distillate yield, but in the case of water, the improvement was greater.

Performance management system is a process that focuses on individual performance against agreed work plans. It is a means of getting better results from the organisational teams and individuals by understanding and managing performance within an agreed-framework of planned goals, objectives and standards. In order therefore to assess individual’s work performance and contributions to the organisation, the performance management system has to be carried out. Zimbabwe has introduced the performance management system in its public sector institutions (including schools) as a way of improving the performance of the civil servants and public organisations. This study seeks to evaluate the impact of performance management on the supervision of teachers in secondary schools in Zimbabwe using the quantitative paradigm. The study adopted the survey descriptive design. The target population comprised all the secondary school teachers in Kwekwe District using a random sample of 200 teachers and 20 heads of schools made up of 112 males and 108 females. All the information was gathered using a questionnaire. The results of the study revealed that performance management had not changed the supervision practices of heads who still stuck to the traditional models of supervision that existed prior to the introduction of performance management. The study also revealed that identified training needs for personnel were not addressed at all. The study recommends that resources and opportunities be made available to address effectively training and development needs identified during performance management reviews in order to effectively improve personnel competencies and benefit the students learning.

Abstract: Teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) or English as a second Language (ESL) context worldwide always strive hard to uphold their quality teaching by preparing their learners fit for the real life. Now-a-days, in communicative classrooms, teachers and learners enjoy friendly environment where they can contribute equally i.e. learners have the scopes to share their feelings with teachers without hesitation that helps to broaden the path of successful learning. At the same time, in the present world the views of the learners are considered with greater importance by teachers and educators as they believe in learner autonomy for effective teaching and learning. If the learners can contribute promptly and the teachers can adjust their mode of instructions accordingly, both the parties will be able to complete their language mission rewardingly. This paper aims to find out learners’ insights on the responsibilities of a language teacher for an effective classroom, collecting information through a group wise classroom discussion activity participated by university level learners (67 participants) of Bangladesh Agricultural University, which may add some values in the field of EFL research, especially in Bangladesh.

Staff development is crucial as it equips workers with life long survival skills on their jobs. Staff development also bridges the gap between the teachers’ available acquired skills and the new teaching skills required in the curriculum. Staff development is therefore concerned with the expansion of knowledge and skills of teachers so that they contribute to their growth in relation to their jobs and improve student learning through enhanced performance by the teachers. This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of school based staff development programmes in Zimbabwean secondary schools using the quantitative paradigm. The study employed the survey descriptive design. The target population comprised all schools in Gweru District using a sample of 220 teachers and heads composed of 112 females and 108 males. All the information was collected using a questionnaire which had both close-ended questions and open-ended questions. The study revealed that lack of follow up evaluation sessions to staff development programmes affect the effectiveness of staff development design and implementation. The study also revealed that time allocated to staff development programmes was not adequate resources. The study recommends that there should be adequate resources to effectively plan and implement staff development programmes and that staff development programmes must be allocated enough time for them to be effectively carried out.

Nowadays, in China, English is regarded as a foreign language and college English courses are offered in nearly all the colleges and universities. However, teaching English in colleges inevitably exists some problems. During the teaching process, teachers mainly occupies the dominant position and students are short of communication with teachers and among students themselves, and part of teaching content is out of date and exercises are stereotyped, which lead to the imbalance in foreign language classroom ecology. Therefore, based on the perspective of eco-linguistics, the paper aims to explore strategies in college English teaching in order to build the ecological and harmonious college English classroom.

There are numerous classifications on diabetic foot available today but only few are used. Each classification has its own merit and demerits. This article classifies the diabetic foot classifications to make our understanding simple, easy and much clearer. This is in fact the first novel attempt by author to classify the classifications itself. The diabetic foot classifications are classified based on some features of the classification. This new classification for diabetic foot classification has made a pavement for Amit Jain’s classification for diabetic foot classification to be considered a universal classification as it is now a classification supreme.

A total of 70 actinomycetes strains were isolated from dams and caves of Hadhramout –Yemen and screened for their anti-bacterial activity based on their color and activity against bacterial pathogens. Twenty isolates have shown activities against pathogenic bacteria. Fourteen isolates (70%) showed activity against Bacillus subtilis by agar disk diffusion, twelve isolates (60%) showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus and fifteen isolates (75%) showed activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The activity was minimal against Escherichia coli, having only 8 isolates (40%). Nine isolates were highly active with an inhibition zone more than 25 mm in diameter. Most of the isolates inhibited growth of tested Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is commonly associated with other injuries such as cervical spine injury (CSI) which critically affects TBI patients, interfering with airway management techniques, selection of proper radiological studies, and the management approach of both the TBI and the CSI. This study aims to assess the prevalence, etiology, and characteristics of CSI in patients who sustained TBI. Also, we will investigate other associated injuries in patients experienced combined TBI and CSI, and their effects on patients’ mortality and course of hospitalization. The study was conducted in the health information management (HIM) department. The charts of all adult (>14 years old) patients with TBI presenting to the emergency department (ED) at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah or referred from other hospital over a four years period (January 2013 to December 2016) were reviewed. 220 patients with traumatic brain injury were included in the study. Most of the patients were young adult (median age 29 years). In 185 of the 220 patients (84.1%), a diagnosis of cervical spine injury was ruled out on the basis of the clinical presentation and computed tomography scans reports. in the remaining 35 patients, cervical spine injury was confirmed with the prevalence of 15.9%. The rate of cervical spine injury was highest among young adult (men greater than women) who sustained motor vehicle related injury, and usually associated with thoracic, thoracolumbar trauma and abdominal injury that only explained by mechanism of injury.

India, near to fertility transition, received a large demographic dividend which has already started. At present more than 64% „economically active‟ people live in India, popularly known as „demographic dividend‟. In near future „window of opportunity‟ will convert to „burden‟ due to increasing percentage share of elderly population in demographic architecture. India will enjoy the demographic dividend for next twenty five to thirty years. So augmentation of job in industrial economy and skill development programme should be prime focus. In this regard “Coordinated Action on Skill Development” with three-tier institutional structure is an important Governmental initiative since eleventh five year plan. Unfortunately the scheme failed to fulfill its training target each and every year and the people are less interested because after completion of successful training employment is not guaranteed. Above all the industrial growth is the key of succession. Government should review industrial policy and emphasized on manufacturing industries. Small and medium scale industries should encourage in small urban centers and in country side. Otherwise 64 percent economically active population will not be considered as dividend.

The parotid gland lipomas are rare; they are located mainly in the superficial lobe. We report 3 cases of parotid lipomas whose diagnosis was suspected by tomodensitometry and confirmed by histology. Treatment was a superficial parotidectomy for two patients and enucleation for one patient. Parotid lipomas are located mainly in the superficial lobe. The diagnosis is based on imaging, but only histology can confirm. The treatment of superficial lipomas is based on superficial lobe parotidectomy but sometimes enucleation could be enough. In all cases, the recurrence rate is very low

Smartphones have turned out to be a major part of the lives of Nigerians owing to its unique capacity to combine communication and computing on mobile devices. Its evolution has made it an indispensable item in the possession of Nigerians, especially youths and elites of the older generation, as it allows for social interaction, business communication, safe storage of personal files and mobile learning among other things. Through a critical review of relevant academic studies, the article explores the evolution of smartphone in the world and how Nigerians have adopted the device. This paper argues that Nigerians adopt smartphones due to reasons such as educational needs, social communication needs, social influence and brand name and features. Some of the potentials of smartphones to the Nigerian society, as the paper posits are; knowledge sharing in work environment, improvement of social and business relationships, creation of new business dimensions and the availing of health/educational resources. Issues such as addiction, selfie syndrome, social disconnection, academic-related problems as well as health challenges were raised as the negatives from the utility of smartphones. The paper recommends that Nigerians be more disciplined with their phones when in meetings and that students should only use their smartphones to access educational materials outside the examination halls. Also, people should limit their exposure to smart phone screens to avoid visual-related problems.

To investigate the acute toxicity and antidiabetic potentials of various extracts of the leaves of Ficus sur Forssk on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Powdered leaves were successively extracted with n-hexane, chloroform and 70% ethanol for three consecutive days respectively and the obtained extracts were assessed for phytochemicals, acute toxicity and antidiabetic activity on albino rats. The acute toxicity was assessed by Lorke’s method. Diabetes was achieved by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (120mg/kg). Blood glucose was determined daily for seven days using a glucometer. On the seventh day of treatment, blood samples were obtained and the serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), glycosylated heamoglobin (GH), urea and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were determined. The active N-hexane fraction was further fractionated by column chromatography packed with silica gel G (60-80mesh) eluting with gradient mixture of n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethanol. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of terpenoids, tannins, flavonoid and carbohydrates. The lethal dose (LD50) was recorded at 2154mg/kg in the toxicity study. The n-hexane extract showed the highest significant (p<0.05) reduction of 77.7% in blood glucose which was comparable to Glibenclamide (78.3%). Further fractionation yielded five fractions (F1-F5) in which fraction F4 and F5 were the most active with 54.7 and 55.9% reduction of blood glucose. The lipid profile of fraction F4 also exhibited decrease in TG, TC, GH, Urea and increase in HDL. This study reports the LD50 of F. sur to be2154 mg/kg and further confirms its ethnobotanical use of in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its potential in preventing cardiovascular diseases

Endometrial Stromal Tumours are rare mesenchymal neoplasms of the uterus, the cells of which resembles stromal cells of proliferative endometrium. Grossly, most common appearance of Endometrial Stromal Nodule is a circumscribed solid mass. We report a case of Endometrial Stromal Nodule which has undergone complete cystic degeneration and has acquired a unilocular tender coconut-like cystic appearance which is very unusual.

Bronchogenic cysts (BC) are rare tumours in the mediastinum, but well known to thoracic surgeon. We report a case of symptomatic mediastinal bronchogenic cyst (MBC) in adult who operated on by full thoracoscopy, and we discuss a surgical technic.