ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Applicability of Lipoprotein (a) as a Risk Predictor for Cerebrovascular Disease
Sanjay Bhatt, V.S. singh, Sangeetasingh, S.R. Saxena, A. Joshi, Bindu Sati
Page no 9-13 |
10.36348/sijb.2018.v01i01.003
Abstract: Lipoprotein (a) is independently associated with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) and is referred to as the most atherogenic lipoprotein. It is synergistic with the effects of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Unlike other major classes of lipoproteins that have a normal distribution in the population, plasma levels of Lipoprotein (a) / Lp (a) have a skewed distribution towards the lower end with 85% population having concentration <30 mg/dL. The aim of present study is to estimate the level of serum Lp(a) in cerebrovascular diseases or Strokes. The study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Sushila Tiwari Memorial Hospital, the teaching hospital of Uttaranchal Forest Hospital Trust (UFHT) Medical College, Haldwani (Nainital), Uttarakhand, on patients of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) which included estimation of Lp(a) and lipid profile (TC, TG, HDLc, LDLc, VLDLc) test. Out of the 17 women and 36 men in whom Lp (a) was measured, 2 women (mean age63.5 years) and 21 men (59years) had CVD (CVD(+), while 15 women (50.13 years) and 15 men (52.33 years) had no CVD [CVD(–)]. As shown in Table 1, there were no significant differences between women with or without CVD in age and concentration of total plasma cholesterol. The study was based on a small sized cohort of 23 cases suffering from (CVD) out of which 21 were males and 2 were females. Thirty (30) healthy subjects were taken as controls, who were not suffering from any disease, which may affect serum lipid levels and without any history of cerebrovascular disease. Total-C, LDLc, VLDLc, Triglyceride, HDLc, LDL/HDL, Cholesterol/HDL and Lp(a) were estimated in all the cases.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Cheiloscopy among the Igbo Students in Madonna University Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria
Oladipo Gabriel Sunday, Alabi Ade Stephen, Paul Chikwuogwo Wokpeogu, Amadi Paulinus Nmereni, Paul, John Nwolim, Robert, Faith Owabhel, Amasiatu Valentine Chidozie, Gospel Sunday
Page no 129-135 |
10.21276/sjbr.2018.3.3.8
Lip prints are normal lines and fissures in the forms of wrinkles and
grooves present in the zone of transition of human lip, between the inner labial mucosa
and outer skin. Examination of this lip prints is known as cheiloscopy. Some authors
have worked on lip print in the past and made some striking points on its application
in forensic studies and human identification. The study was carried out to identify and
compare the lip prints patterns among the Igbos. The study was done to investigate
and document the characteristic cheiloscopic pattern of Igbos and to assess the
distribution of lip print patterns among males and females. A total of 300 subjects
were used for the study. 150 were males, 150 were females, all of which were normal
subjects. Subjects were selected and identified based on an oral interview. These
subjects were selected through purposive convenient sampling method. The males and
females had their highest percentage distribution in type I (35.73%) and (30.53%)
respectively; the least percentage was in type IV (9.33 %) for the males and type I’
(7.80%) for the females. this study has been able to establish the cheiloscopic patterns
for the Igbo ethnic group in Nigeria. The dominant pattern of the population was type
I followed by type II and the least was type I’. It also revealed sexual dimorphism in
the patterns and frequency of distribution of lip prints.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Electromyographic Analysis of Chest and Back Muscles and their Correlation with the Performance of Jump Tennis Service in Volleyball
Vikram Singh, T. Onima Reddy
Page no 31-34 |
10.36348/jaspe.2018
Abstract: The Purpose of the study was to EMG Analysis of Chest and Back Muscles and their Correlation with the Performance of Jump Tennis Service in Volleyball. Coverage/ Selection of Subjects: Universe of the Study: The study was confined to India only. Sampling Frame: Subjects were selected as a sampling frame from India only and their age was ranging from 16 to 28 years. Sampling Methods: Subjects were selected on the basis of purposively random sampling method. Sampling Size: A total of 12 male professional Volleyball players from India were selected for the study. Units of Observation: Observations were made on the following Variables/contents: Pectoralis Major (PMJ), & Trapezius (TP). Criterion Measures: Muscles activities during jump tennis service in volleyball were measured by Neuro Trac Myo Plus 4. The data was recorded in micro volt (µv). Statistical Techniques: The concerned data was analyzed by using descriptive statistical in order to electromyographic analyses of chest & back muscles during executing the jump tennis service in volleyball. In order to determine the relationship of selected (chest & back) muscles activities with the performance of jump tennis service in volleyball, Pearson Multiple Correlation Technique was used. The level of significance for the entire analysis was set at the 0.05 level. Conclusions: According to finding the study, Trapezius muscle showed the highest activation level of EMG during execution of jump tennis servive in Volleyball. Pectoralis muscles showed the 5th highest activation level of EMG during execution of jump tennis service in Volleyball. Only one muscles group that is Pectoralis is found correlated with the performance of jump tennis service in Volleyball. The insignificant relationship was found between back (Trapezius) muscles and with the performance of jump tennis service in Volleybali.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Water Quality and Gross Anatomical Assessment of Clarias Gariepenus: An Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Mgbuoba Fish Pond
Paul John Nwolim, Paul Chikwuogwo Wokpeogu
Page no 1-7 |
10.36348/sijap
This study examined the ecotoxicological evaluation of commercial fish pond in Mgbuoba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria using water quality and gross anatomical assessment of Clarias gariepenus, using African Aquaculture Centre (ARAC) as a reference site. In this research the following were done: Gross anatomical assessment of the farmed fish which comprised of condition factor (CF), Organo-Somatic Index (OSI) and Health Assessment Index (HAI) and physico-chemical properties of pond water. The chemical assessment involved environmental water quality index (EWQI) and heavy metal assessment. The gross anatomical assessment involved the sampling of twenty table-sized fish harvested from the Mgbuoba commercial fish pond which were compared with ten table-sized fishes of the same specie harvested from an aqua-cultured centre, ARAC. The EWQI of the commercial fish pond was considered to be of a fair quality, condition factor recorded showed that fishes from Mgbuoba were in better condition than that of ARAC, health assessment index was poor in fishes harvested from ARAC. The organosomatic index showed that Mgbuoba fishes had a high mean values for Gills and Liver respectively. Using one-way Anova statistical analysis, no significant difference (p>0.05) were noted between Mgbuoba commercial fish pond and ARAC. It is suggested that at intervals the health status and water control should be examined/analyzed to keep a suitable habitat for the fishes and make consumption safe humans.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Ontology Based Automatic Text Mining Using TF and IDF Algorithms for Summarization of Multiple Files
Chinmayee C, Dr. S Meenakshi Sundaram, Keerthana N S, Manikya S, Nitya Hegde M
Page no 410-419 |
10.21276/sjeat.2018.3.6.8
In the present world, due to tremendous development in technology, a huge
amount of information is available everywhere. Therefore, it is difficult for the users to
understand the main content of the entire document as it takes a lot of time. In this work
we use extractive text summarization which uses a method to give the version of
summary for one or more file or document. Here we give an approach that maps
sentences to nodes of a hierarchical ontology. Ontology explains what exists in a
particular domain. For the ontology creation, vocabularies are collected. It is used as
background knowledge and helps to find the related meaning of the terms which occur in
the source documents. Text mining is the technique from which high quality information
is derived from text. Clustering is a significant task. The clustering method groups similar
or related terms into a single group. In the first stage, data collection takes place. The preprocessing stage includes stemming and stop words removal.TF-IDF process occurs after
which clustering takes place. In the ontology creation, first the determination of the main
sub topics of the article of interest is done. We classify sentences to nodes which have a
predefined hierarchical ontology. Each ontology node has bag-of-words from a web
search. We represent sentences by sub trees that permit to apply measures of similarity
and find relations between sentences. The ontology used in this work is not domainspecific; it does not require labelled data. this work can be extended to topics focused on
summarization framework to news articles or blogs and to also to various machine
learning approaches
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Personal Hygiene among Primary: School Children of Rural Area of Lahore, Pakistan
Farzana Parveen, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Hussain, Dr. Syed Amir Gilani
Page no 91-97 |
10.21276/sjnhc
According to World Health Organization (WHO), “hygiene refers to
conditions and practices that assistance to keep up wellbeing and avoid the spread of
disease. Personal hygiene includes those practices performed by a person to care of
one’s bodily well- being, through cleanliness. A Cross sectional descriptive study
was conducted in primary school of Hussain Abad of Lahore. The instrument use for
the data collection was adopted questioner and convenient sampling technique was
used. Study included 119 primary school children most of them were males (55.4%),
the majority were rural resident (88.7%) with their age ranged between 5-12 years
and median age 10 years. More than three quarters of the children (77.1%) knew the
requirement of personal hygiene. On the other hand more than half of them had a
special towel and comb. About two thirds of children (65.4%) had good to moderate
knowledge with nearly three quarters (73.6%) had positive attitudes and more than
half (55.4%) had good practice. There was a moderate positive correlation between
knowledge score with both the attitude and practice scores. Male and older children
had a significant better knowledge, attitude and practice than female and younger
ones. Residence had no significant effect on children knowledge, attitude and
practice. Preschool children knowledge, attitudes, and practices about personal
hygiene were deficient in some aspects.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Assessment of Nurses Practices Related to Aseptic Techniques in Managing Burn Patients
Bushra Kalsoom, Noureen Tariq, Afsar Ali, Nosheen Noor Ud Din
Page no 106-112 |
10.21276/sjnhc
Globally there is an alarming situation where incidences of burn injury are
very high. Every year approximately 265000 deaths are reported globally due to fire
and burn related injuries and low income countries are affected the most. Worldwide
statistics are such that in south East Asia (57%) deaths are reported due to burn
injury, followed by Africa about 12%. The rate is lower in Eastern Mediterranean
region which is about 11%. The main purpose of this study was, to assess the nurse’s
practices related to aseptic techniques in management of burn patients at Jinnah
Hospital and Mayo Hospital Lahore. A cross sectional descriptive survey was
performed. A convenient sample of n=75 was used to collect the information. A
structured questionnaire with demographic variables and causes variables was
applied. The data was analyzed on SPSS version 21. 60% said that there appropriate
adequate sink-be available, 92% said that there is water and soap supply in the ward
while 98.7% said that there are adequate surface disinfectant, 52% said that adequate
shoe cover before procedure and 98.67% answers are adequate nurse preparation
before procedure. The purpose of this study was to assess the nurses practices related
to aseptic techniques in burn patients, where very satisfactory practices were found.
REVIEW ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
UK Higher Education Institutions Role in Students’ Skills Development for Employment
Husam Helmi, Abraham Pius, Imad Guenane
Page no 85-88 |
10.36348/jaep
The aim of this paper is to explore the key roles of higher education
institutions based in the UK in terms of developing key skills to further prepare students
for employment. The paper is exploring several key authorities and agencies based in
the UK that have significant responsibility to assuring the quality of higher education in
the country. The paper is focused on several key themes that are related to the research
topic which can be summarised as the following: Culture, Graduate attributes and
employability. The research is based on a review of a number of secondary sources
from academic and professional articles as well as relevant agencies reports such as the
Quality Assurance Agency (QAA) and according to the performance indicators
published by the Higher Education Funding Council For England (HEFCE).
REVIEW ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
The Importance of Research Informed Teaching in Higher Education: A Case Study of London College of Contemporary Arts (LCCA)
Husam Helmi, Abraham Pius, Imad Guenane
Page no 89-94 |
10.36348/jaep
The aim of this paper is to explore the importance of research informed
teaching in higher education and possible methods of imbedding it into the teaching
practice. The paper is providing clarity on the key typologies of applying research
informed teaching which can be divided as the following: Firstly, research led
approach. Secondly, research-oriented approach. Thirdly, research-based approach.
Fourthly, research tutored approach. The paper is also providing a case study based on
the school of business and hospitality management within London College of
Contemporary Arts (LCCA) to share practices that are currently being applied or
planned as future activities. Furthermore, the paper is providing key benefits and
challenges of embedding research informed teaching in curriculum. The paper
concludes highlighting key recommendations derived from the review as well as the
case study provided.
REVIEW ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Effective Implementation of the Performance Appraisal Process in Universities
Nelson Chibvonga Madziyire
Page no 95-98 |
10.36348/jaep
Performance management in the public sector is faced with a unique batch of
challenges, and these challenges need to be addressed and overcome if universities can
hope to succeed in achieving their missions. And yet, many organizations are not even
aware that these challenges exist. They’re using recommended models and tools but
often applying them in the wrong way or wrong context and therefore not seeing the
results they would hope for oganizations have to build their capacity and improve their
organizational effectiveness with an eye towards sustainability and long-term change.
Student recruitment is driven by the need to fill available places, but is also influenced
by issues of quality, income generation and equity in participation. Funding is a
constant source of concern, for both teaching and research, with institutions looking to
both diversify and maximise income streams, whilst also looking to achieve enhanced
efficiency and value for money. Globalisation and internationalisation, and new
technology, pose additional challenges to universities. However, arguably the greatest
pressures arise from increasing competition and marketisation, and from the
politicisation of higher education.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Examination of the Extent of Early Marriage Practice on Students’ Completion and Drop out In Nyamira North Sub-County, Nyamira County, Kenya
Andrew Atunga Ong’ondo, Dr. Callen Nyamwange, Dr. Evans Nyamwaka
Page no 99-104 |
10.36348/jaep
Completion, access and participation in education are currently the most
important ones in the implementation of education for all. This is particularly so when
one considers the problems surrounding early marriages observed to lead to lower
school completion rates and increased dropouts. It is with this in mind that the present
study sought to examine the extent of early marriage practice on students’ completion
and drop out in Nyamira North sub-county, Nyamira County, Kenya. The study adopted
a descriptive survey design. The population was 38 Principals and students and 1400
parents. The sample was 322 students, 38 G/C teachers and parents. The survey
instruments were piloted in Kisii County using the test-re-test method. The reliability
coefficient obtained was 0.78 which was considered good enough for a scientific study.
In addition, the research instruments were subjected to the scrutiny of two experts who
established face as well as content validity. Data was collected from respondents using
a specially designed questionnaire and interview schedule. The findings may enable
students to obtain an education that is likely to lengthen their stay in school thus ending
up in avoiding early marriages. The findings of the present study revealed that most of
the principals, 52 percent responded that the extent of early marriage practice on
students’ completion and drop out is very high. Few of them saw it as normal and that
was 10.3 percent while 3.9 reported that not applicable at all. It also found out those 23
G /C teachers which makes up 61 percent agreed that female students are more linked
to dropout than boys. The study concluded that more effort by all stakeholders be
encouraged to retain students in schools till completion. The study recommended that
guidance and counseling in schools be activated, G/C teachers should be motivated and
equally important, the chaplaincy programs be initiated in schools for spiritual
edification. The study considered the ethical considerations and respondents were
explained the purpose of the study, guarded against plagiarism and respondents consent
was sought.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Influence of Divorce on Student's Academic Achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Nyandarua Central Sub- County, Kenya
Joyce N. Gakure, Dr. Mbera Peter G. Aiko,
Page no 105-110 |
10.36348/jaep
Academic performance in Nyandarua Central sub-county has been dwindling
for more than a decade now with no tangible cause got so far. Several educationists
have been unable to unearth what ails it, mainly targeting teaching methods and
improving them through Strengthening mathematics and science Education initiative,
(SMASE), with no improvement and have left it to persist, prompting the locals to feel
obliged to search for solutions to their problem. This study therefore sought to establish
the influence of divorce on student's academic achievement in public secondary schools
in Nyandarua Central sub- county, Kenya. The study was governed by Joyce Epstein’s
theory of parental involvement in children’s academic achievement. The study used
mixed methodology and concurrent triangulation design in data collection and analysis,
by first clustering the twenty schools into day and boarding schools which have unique
manifestation of extraneous causes and of non-performance in academics. The target
population was secondary school students in public schools in this sub county are
12,800 of whom those that experience conflict at home number 4,661 and 960 parents
and 600 teachers out of whom the sample was 270 students, 180 teachers and 240
parents. Data on performance was collected from progressive performance records of
end tem examinations, while information on family conflict was gathered using
questionnaires for students, teachers and parents and interview schedules for clarity and
to increase response rate by busy respondents. Validity was done by the expert in the
department and research. Reliability of the instruments was done by piloting and test retest administered Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha of 0.73 was realized. Quantitative data
was analyzed descriptively by graphs, percentages, frequencies. The packages for social
sciences (SPSS 22), whereas qualitative data was analyzed thematically, it was
presented in narrative form. The results of this research showed an existence very high
percentage 60% of administers agreed family set up influences academic achievement.
The mean number of siblings of the respondents was 8.49 with a standard deviation of
1.37 siblings. A cumulative percentage of 91.0% of the respondents had up to 4
siblings. This implies most families have at most 6 members. The study concluded that
the strong parental involvement is essential for educational progress and success.
Consent of the respondets was sought. Based on the findings of the study the study
recommended that: the society should strengthen family unit to reduce conflicts that
pose challenges to pupil’s academic efforts. Parents should closely follow up children’s
schools routines and coordinate with teachers, healthy dialogue, motivate and advice
children on studies.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Leadership Skills Employed By Principal on Students’ Academic Performance in Public Teachers Training Colleges in Lake Region, Kenya
Fred Leo Sunda, Dr. Yambo, Onyango J. M., Florence Odera
Page no 111-119 |
10.36348/jaep
The purpose of this study was to establish the leadership skills employed by
principal on student academic performance in public teachers training colleges in Lake
Region, Kenya. This research therefore, targeted all 4 Principals, 4 Board of
Management chair persons and 52 college HODs and 180 student leaders‟ total of 240
participants. The sampling technique applied here was convenient sampling for
principals, BOM-chairmen and HODs for they were few hence all were considered 100
percent. Hence purposive sampling to select principals, BOM chairpersons and HODs.
While 30 % was used to select student leaders whose population was 180. Stratified
sampling technique was used to distribute the student leaders equitably to the four
colleges (15-each) that also ensured gender equality and random sampling was finally
used to select the participating sample. Questionnaires and interviews schedules were
used in collecting data. The researcher ensured that these instruments were tested for
reliability by using test re- test methods and validity by using suggestions from
supervisors before setting out to collect data. Split-Half technique was employed for
the test of reliability, the Pilot questionnaires were divided into two equivalent halves
and their correlation co-efficient for the two halves computed using the Spearman rank
correlation coefficient, describing the internal consistency of the test then if it showed
that the instrument is reliable, correlation coefficient minimum of 0.65 was accepted as
reliable. The researcher adhered to regulations and ethical considerations. The findings
revealed that administrative council met (50%) both monthly and quarterly; he had
facilitated strategic planning by monitoring and ensuring a high budget adherence as
indicated by (75%) he as well ensured departments meet regularly by (75%). The study
concluded that the Principals had time management skills. The study recommends that
all Principals must be well trained on time management periodically because time is a
key management skill. The researcher adhered to research ethics including plagiarism
and getting the consent of respondents among others.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Ethnic Differences in Birth Weight and Cesarean Deliveries in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Paul Chikwuogwo Wokpeogu, Adefisan Idowu Elijah, Paul John Nwolim
Page no 27-31 |
10.36348/sijap
This study seeks to investigate the existence of ethnic differences in birth weight and cesarean deliveries amongst the ethnic groups in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The study was a retrospective review research. University of Port Harcourt teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt between 2003 and August 2008. The study was a retrospective review research involving a dataset of 1287 (Ibo n = 241, Ikwerre n = 316, Kalabari n = 322, Ogoni n = 200 and Yoruba n =208) culled from over 3560 live singleton births maternity records covering deliveries for five years (2003 - 2008) at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital; Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS statistics software 2008 and the level of significance used was P < 0.05. Student T- test, One-way analysis of variances, Correlation analysis and Pearson chi square. There are significant differences P <-0.001 in the mean birth weights of the five ethnic groups. The prevalence of cesarean deliveries among the ethnic group was significantly associated with the Ibo ethnic group ( Ibo 12.45%, Ikwerre 11.07%, Kalabari 9.94%, Ogoni 7.50% and Yoruba 6.73%: X² = 12.25, df = 2, P = 0.003). The study revealed that the Ibo ethnic group has higher birth weight which may be the predisposing factor to higher percentage of Cesarean deliveries.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | June 30, 2018
Role and Recognition of Dentist as a Preventive Oncologist
Dr. Anindya Bhalla, Dr. Asmita Jain, Dr. Sujata Bhalla
Page no 203-206 |
10.21276/sjodr.2018.3.6.3
Oral cancer ranks in the top three of all cancers in India, which accounts for
over thirty percent of all cancers reported in the Country and oral cancer control is
quickly becoming a global health priority [1]. Two-thirds of the global incidence of oral
cancer occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); half of those cases are in
South Asia. India alone accounts for one-fifth of all oral cancer cases and one-fourth of
all oral cancer deaths [5]. Since oral screening and early diagnosis plays an important role
in oral cancer prognosis, a dentist ability to recognize the clinical signs and symptoms is
crucial [21].