Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of impacted and transmigrated canine and associated pathologies in a dental population. Methods: The panoramic radiographs of 5531 patients [1820 (32.9%) male and 3711 (67.1%) female] who attended to several dental clinics between August 2018 and January 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. The number, position, impaction and transmigration of canine were noted. An impacted canine was diagnosed to be transmigrated when at least part of its length had crossed the midline. The presence of other coexisting anomalies was also noted. Results: A total of 388 patients (7.0%) presented with at least one impacted tooth. The most common impacted canines were in the maxilla among 368 (94.8%) patients, while 51 (13.1%) patients showed impacted canines in the mandible. About 32 (8.2%) patients showed both co-existed maxillary and mandibular canine impaction, while 126 (32.5%) impacted canines were bilateral either in the maxilla or in the mandible. Transmigrated canine was observed among 26 (6.7%) of impacted canine patients. Impaction of other teeth was found among 173 (44.6%) patients. Certain anomalies were co-existed along with canine impaction in 98 (25.3%) patients. Pericoronal radiolucency was the most common am-ong 84 (21.6%) patients followed by dentigrous cyst among 23 (5.9%) patients. Other anomalies were supernumerary teeth among 5 (1.3%) patients, and odontoms in only 1 (0.3%) patient. Conclusions: The prevalence of impacted teeth was high, and there was a predilection for impacted teeth in the maxilla. Pericoronal radiolucency was commonly seen in relation to the impacted canines followed by dentigrous cyst.

The urine is frequently among the sites colonized hospital and Candiduria still poses problems of interpretation. Indeed, the discovery of yeast in the urine can be the witness of contamination, a simple colonization or the first sign of invasive infection. We report the case of an elderly patient de66ans hospitalized in urology for management of bladder cancer who underwent radical cystoprostatectomy more bilateral lymphadenectomy and entérocystoplastie.Le patient was taken to dropping a point of ileo-ileal anastomosis responsible liquidiennes food and leaks then the patient was transferred to intensive care. During his stay he presented a febrile syndrome, ECBU objectified candiduria Candida albicans. The evolution was marked by the installation of a septic shock, blood culture came back positive for Candida albicans. Fluconazole has been started but the patient is décédé48h after. Candiduria may be a marker of dissemination in patients at risk with a high severity score. She was also associated with candidemia in 1.3 to 10% depending on the study. In subjects in ICU Candiduria could predict Candida invasion and should justify antifungal treatment and a close monitoring for mycological diagnosis precocity and better therapeutic management.

Background: Dentists are often faced with a large fluctuation in patient’s inflow to the clinic due to seasonality. This unpredictability of seasonal variation has high impact on revenue. High seasons bring in significantly more revenue than low seasons; dentists may find that certain months have few new patients and more empty chairs. There has been no study documented to find seasonal variation in patient’s inflow to dental clinic. Purpose of this study was to crack the code of relationship between seasonal variation and patients visit to clinic. Materials and method: cross-sectional study was performed for a period of one year in five major cities. Selection of dental clinic was done by probability sampling and one clinic was from all five cities were selected. Result: Study shows monsoon in India is not fruitful for dental practitioners as it attracts fewer numbers of patients to the clinic following summer season. Conclusion: Dental practices can encounter difficulties keeping the doors open if they do not learn to manage changes in seasonality. Study revealed that there was an obvious decline in no patients flow in months of July to September.

Background: The clinical heterogeneity of Rare bleeding Disorders (RBDs) associated with their rarity is a significant barrier to enhancing their deeper knowledge. Diagnosis, classification and adequate treatment of these disorders has been hampered by the variable clinical presentation and difficulty in recognizing affected patients, difficulty in collecting longitudinal clinical data and limits of laboratory assays. The objective this study is to evaluate the distribution of RBDs amongst inherited bleeding disorders and approach to RBDswith clinical evaluation & lab diagnosis. Materials and methods: This is a Retrospective study of rare bleeding disorders obtained from the cases referred from Karnataka Haemophilia Society to the Haematology section of department of Pathology, JJM Medical College, Davangere from June 2006 to June 2011. Results: Out of the total of 400 patients of inherited bleeding disorders referred, 23 were diagnosed of RBDs which included 11 cases of factor XIII deficiency, 4 of Hypofibrinogenemia, 3 of Afibrinogenemia, one each of factor II,V,VII,XI deficiency. Conclusion: RBDs poses significant social problem in our country. Lab diagnosis of these disorders is complex but basic coagulation set up with high clinical suspicion can take up the challenge of diagnosing these disorders.

Generally, many large tissue defects occur with surgery treatments of tumors in the maxillofacial region. Maxillofacial prosthesis application can be used as an alternative treatment for cases where plastic surgery reconstructions cannot be applied. While the retention of maxillofacial prostheses used to be provided generally via adhesive bands, adhesives in liquid or spray form, and tissue undercuts, the current treatment of an intra-oral edentulous condition is frequently conducted via osseo-integrated implants. The most significant problem facing the reinforcement of the facial implants is inadequate bone thickness. While the most suitable reinforcement points for implant are the temporal region and supraorbital edge, the bone thickness varies between 2.5 and 6mm for those regions. This article reviews the application of implants in different maxillofacial prostheses.

Lupus podocytopathy is a recently described phenomenon characterized by diffuse foot process effacement without peripheral capillary wall immune deposits and glomerular proliferation. It has been described in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with nephrotic syndrome in case reports and a few series. The term of lupus podocytopathy denotes that it as lupus nephritis-related phenomenon, however, the theory of coexisting minimal change disease is also a possibility. Each theory has its own supporting clinical and pathological facts. This literature review is made for a comprehensive analysis of the available clinical circumstances and histological data of the reported cases. Also, it elaborates on the pathological background for both diseases process. The aim of this review is to reach an optimum categorization of this phenomenon.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the practitioner’s fears with respect to patients with special care needs. 150 dental practitioners (aged 22 to 38 years) at a tertiary care dental teaching hospital were included in the study. A specifically designed 10-item schedule was used to access the fear. The results showed that 10 (6.7%) respondents had no fear or hesitation in offering treatment, 74 (49.3%) had hesitation, 62 (41.3%) had specific fears only and 4 (2.7%) had generalized fear. It can be concluded the fear to attend a dental patient with special care needs was quite prevalent and was affected by the dentist’s practice area, clinical experience and teaching/academic experience.

Dyslipidemia is a common finding in patients with thyroid disease, explained by the adverse effects of thyroid hormones in almost all steps of lipid metabolism. Clinical hypothyroidism, through different mechanisms, are associated with lipid alterations, mainly concerning total and LDL cholesterol and less often HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein A1, and apolipoprotein B. In addition to quantitative, qualitative alterations of lipids have been also reported, including atherogenic and oxidized LDL and HDL particles. In thyroid disease, dyslipidemia coexists with various metabolic abnormalities and induce insulin resistance and oxidative stress via a vice-vicious cycle. The above associations in combination with the thyroid hormone induced hemodynamic alterations, might explain the increased risk of coronary artery disease, cerebral ischemia risk, and angina pectoris in older, and possibly ischemic stroke in younger patients with overt or subclinical hyperthyroidism. This article presents a correlation study between hypothyroidism, Apo B and Apo A. It has been found that the 55 subjects enrolled in this study show a significant correlation between TSH and Apo B.

Background: College students may experience severe sleep problems that negatively impact their health and well-being at certain times. The Partial sleep loss may increase the risk of obesity and weight gain. Aim: To assess the association between sleep quality and BMI in medical college students and to determine whether the students with poor sleep quality are at risk of developing obesity. Materials and Methods: 100 medical college undergraduate students of both the sexes aged between 18 - 25 years of Santhiram Medical College, Nandyal was included in the present study. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire. PQSI is a questionnaire based study, which is a standardized, quantitative measure of sleep quality with demonstrated high levels of consistency, reliability & validity. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (in Kg) divided by height-squared (in m2). The relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and sleep quality was analyzed in the present study. Results: Among 100 medical college students; 9 students were underweight, 45 were normal weight, 31 were overweight, and 15 were obese in the present study. The mean PSQI in underweight students was 3.1, normal weight was 3.4, and overweight was 2.67 and obese was 4.9.The mean BMI in students with PSQI<5 was23.04±3.89 and in those with PSQI >5 were 23.80±4.40. Conclusion: There was no association between sleep quality and BMI in the present study. We will extend our study in large sample size and by a different methodology with equal number of participants in each BMI category to determine better outcome in the present study.

Background: Pertussis is a life-threatening type of infection in non-immune infants younger than six months of age. Vaccination of pregnant women with tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine (Tdap) may facilitate the transfer of maternal antibodies to the fetus, this method may provide protection against pertussis in these newborns. This study will examine the seroprevelance of Bortedella pertussis antibodies in pregnant Saudi females. Methods: This is a crosssectional study in which 258 pregnant females of different age groups in the second and third trimesters who underwent antenatal checkups at King Saud University Medical city, Riyadh, between April 2017 and March 2018 were enrolled. Serum levels of B. pertussis antibody were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results: From 258 blood samples,234(90.69%) females between 28 and 45 years of age were non immune to pertussis,12(4.6%) showed borderline immunity, and 12(4,6%) were immune. Conclusion: The majority of tested pregnant Saudi females were non-immune to B.Pertussis despite the expanded Saudi program of immunization (which recommends that the last dose of DTap be given to preschool-age children). This study emphasizes the importance of implementation of Tdap vaccination program in pregnant Saudi females.

Antioxidant agents stimulate new bone formation during the process of repair of bone defects. This study aimed to examine the effects of systemic administration of resveratrol, an antioxidant agent, on new bone formation in a rat model of experimentally induced bone defects. The study consisted of four groups. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups on the basis of the date on which the animals were sacrificed. We formed a 5-mm bone defect in the right mandible of the animals in each group. Control group (C) received no further treatment, first experimental group (G) received a bovine bone graft, second experimental group (R) received systemic administration of resveratrol (10 mg/kg), third experimental group (GR) received systemic administration of resveratrol (10 mg/kg) with a bovine bone graft. The results of histopathological examination on the 14th and 28th day showed significant differences in the degree of ossification, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and the density of inflammatory cells between the groups (p < 0.05). Results of biochemical analysis showed significant differences in the serum levels of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) between the groups (p < 0.05). Thus, our results showed that systemic resveratrol administration with graft placement may have positive effects on bone healing in critical-sized bone defects.

In light of faltering sustainability in growth and development in Nigeria, this study evaluates the Micro Finance Banks Sectoral influence on the development of the Nigerian Economy over the period of 1992 to 2017, utilizing secondary data culled from the Central bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and the World Bank. The study employed the use of Stationarity, Multiple Regression, Johansen’s Co-integration and Error Correction estimates. While the Co-integration results indicated significant long run relationship among the study variables, the Multiple Regression and Vector Error Correction estimates both point to Apportioned Microcredit to mining/quarrying, real estate/construction and transport/general commerce sectors as the sectoral microcredit that significantly influence Nigeria’s human development index both in the short and long terms respectively. Only Apportioned Microcredit to the mining/quarrying, real estate/construction and transport/general commerce sectors are valuable in predicting variations in economic development as captured by Human Development Index. In light of the above, it was thus recommended that other sectoral activities should be revamped according to their level of insignificance as more efforts should be devoted to the Agricultural sector, manufacturing sector and other sectors of the economy and there should be incentive to sensitize the populace about microfinancing which would bolster deposit based and help disbursement in the right direction, promotion of economic, political and social stability amongst others

Purpose: To investigate the effect of using mucoperiosteal-bone flap split technique when width of alveolar bone ridge is insufficient. Methods: The width of alveolar bone ridge is 3-5mm. Patients underwent mucoperiosteal-bone flap splitting. A horizontal incision was made at the top of the alveolar ridge, and two vertical incisions at the mesio-distal alveolar bone, and the whole layer of the periosteum was cut through. The cortical bone was cut using an ultrasonic scalpel. As a result, the mucoperiosteal-bone flap was split. Results: The narrow alveolar bone was succeeded to be split. And gingiva was not recessionary, split bone was not necrotic after operation. Conclusion: Mucoperiosteal-bone flap split technique can solve the problem of insufficient bone width.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a standout amongst the most widely recognized metabolic disarranges that follow by many complications and influence many body systems and organs make them less effective and these incorporate skeletal muscles. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate serum creatine kinase activity in Sudanese patients with type1 and type2 diabetes mellitus in Khartoum state. Material and methods: This study was case-control study and conducted during the period from April 2018 to November 2018, 90 participants (30 type1DM, 30 type2 DM as case and 30 controls).The samples was collected by simple random sampling technique through a self-administering questionnaire, Concentration of glucose was measured for each patient with GOD method, and activity of total creatine kinase was determined also CKMB activity was measured for the tow study groups and control group as marker of cardiac functions. The analysis of data done by SPSS version 21 using T-test for comparing mean and simple correlation for correlation of continuous numerical data. Results: There was a significant increase in glucose concentration in compare to control group p-value 0.000 in both type1and type2 diabetic patient compare to control mean±SD type1 (241.9±77.5) type2 (211.3±95.1) control group (111.1±36.4). There was a significant increase in activity of total creatine kinase (CK) enzyme in type1 and type2 diabetic patients in compare to healthy individuals the p-value 0.019 and 0.010 respectively mean±SD type1 (78.0±13.2 IU/L) type2 (71.6±10.0 IU/L) and control group (58.4±23.9 IU/L). There was positive insignificant correlation between the activity of total CK and age in type1 DM patient (R-value= 0.197, P-value= 0.297), but negative insignificant correlation between the activity of total CK and age in type2 DM (R-value= -0.269, P-value= 0.151). Positive insignificant correlation between duration of diabetes and the activity of total CK level in type1 (Rvalue=0.164, P-value=0.386) and type 2 (R-value=0.158, P-value=0.403). Negative significant correlation between glucose and total CK in type1 diabetes mellitus (R-value= -0.410, P-value=0.024) and positive insignificant correlation between glucose and total CK in type2 diabetes mellitus (R-value=0.091, P-value=0.633). Conclusion: The activity of total CK among diabetic patient with type1 and type2 diabetes mellitus was higher when compare to control group, there was also significant correlation between glucose and activity of total CK in type1 diabetes mellitus.

In today's generation, a gadget becomes an indispensable companion that becomes our means in achieving the goal. This study determined the use and effects of social media to the values of tertiary school students, which can be used as a basis for the development of an educational program. A descriptive approach was used wherein the respondents were 80 students of Cagayan State University. A questionnaire was used as a guide which covers the demographic profile, favorite networking sites, effects, and benefits they obtain from using social media. In general, it is found that the benefits and effects of social media are significantly related to the values of young adults. Facebook/Messenger, Twitter, and Instagram are the top three social media sites used by the students. Majority of the student respondents strongly agreed that their day is not complete if they do not open their social media accounts, but overall social media has an excellent effect on the students. In terms of benefits they get from social media, it garnered a 4.252 over-all mean, which implies that most of the respondents obtain excellent benefits from using social media. As to the values of young adults, there is a significant impact on the students, especially in academic purposes and real-life lessons. It is therefore recommended that students should be introduced to sites that can add values to their academic work and research.