Halal pharmaceuticals involve drugs, medicinal ingredients, traditional medicines, and cosmetics that contain permitted ingredients and are produced according to Islamic rules and regulations. The purpose of this research was to identify the types and sources of halal pharmaceutical documents published in PubMed from 2001 to 2021, as well as the most productive halal pharmaceutical authors and the keywords and topics associated with this field. The method used is bibliometric analysis with the VOS viewer application evaluated studies with halal pharmaceutical keywords. After analyzing all of the 369 documents, it was found that 44.15% of them were articles, 39.3% reviews, 7.3% meta-analyses, and 5.7% systematic reviews. The most significant documents were from Advancer in Experimental Medicine and Biology, followed by Molecules, Life Sciences, and Phytotherapy Research. Publications increased significantly, reaching 157 in 2020 and 101 in 2021. The most published authors were Sahebkar with 221 documents, Jamialahmadit with 63 papers, and Sathyapalan with 41 documents. The most common keywords were human, animal, and male, while the trending topics were COVID-19, degenerative diseases, and curcumin.

India recorded large and exogenous capital inflow from the very beginning of this century. This made monetary and liquidity management increasingly complex and difficult in India. Independent monetary policy in the era of free and volatile capital flow became challenging. To deal with the problems of excess liquidity in the system, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in consultation with the Government of India (GOI) introduced Market Stabilisation Scheme (MSS) in April 2004 with the objective of impounding excess liquidity from the system. In this paper, we have attempted to examine whether MSS was effective as an instrument of sterilisation in absorbing excess liquidity from the system and enabled the RBI to manage the liquidity condition smoothly. This paper has found that MSS was an effective instrument of sterilisation that helped the RBI in managing liquidity conditions in the period of large and exogenous capital inflows. This paper has also found that MSS was even effective in injecting back liquidity into the system through unwinding of securities under MSS redemption and its buyback operations in the period of large capital outflows during the international financial crisis of 2008-09. This helped the large borrowing programmes of the government during 2009-10. The paper has estimated the cost of MSS operations and found it on the lower side considering the scale of operation of this scheme.

Cancer is one of the most leading causes of mortality in the general population. Most cancers are accompanied with pain. Pain management in cancer is just as important as treatment of cancer for better quality of life for the patient. The primary objective of the study includes the role of opioids in managing cancer pain and also check for dose titrations, ADRs of opioids and its management and the role of Co-Analgesics used in Cancer Pain Management. A retrospective, observational study of 5 years from 1st June 2016 to 31st May 2021. The study was conducted in the Oncology department of Lourde’s hospital, Kochi which is a tertiary care teaching hospital.98 patients admitted in the oncology department who were taking opioids for their cancer pain management and who were included based on the inclusion criteria .The patient’s pain scores were obtained and statistical analysis was done, which showed p < 0.001, there is a significant difference existing between pain among cancer patients before and after taking opioids. This proves that there is a significant reduction in pain after taking opioids. All patients received adequate dose titration (100%) and the main ADR recorded was constipation [22.4%]. Also the use of co-analgesics significantly plays a role in mitigating the pain intensity in patients with cancer. The study found that the use of opioids as analgesic medication for cancer patients is the cornerstone for cancer pain management because of the effectiveness of opioids in mitigating pain.

Healthcare industry in Saudi Arabia has been progressing with the advancement in technology. Patients have been getting better healthcare facilities with the introduction of digital innovations. New facilities launched in the market are using digital platforms to reach the masses. The approach taken now days to handle the business has transformed for the better with the digital technology. This article would help in analyzing the client satisfaction in healthcare market in Saudi Arabia. The study would focus on the new advancements in healthcare industry using digital technology to launch new facilities in the market for better treatment of the patients. The feedback received and the pain points of the customer can be used further to develop the new facilities using digital platforms. The analysis would cover the healthcare market and the digital impact on the new facilities and client satisfaction in the healthcare environment.

Nigeria's industrial zone is often seen as an instrument of economic development, and the financial sector is frequently seen as the fuel that accelerates the growth of that sector. These two areas are bound to interact in a way that benefits both. To that end, this study evaluated the impact of money market activities on industrial production in Nigeria. Quantitative data (time series data) was sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria's statistics bulletin in 2021. The findings discovered that the interest rate was a highly predictive and negative factor for industrial sector production in Nigeria, but had little to no influence on production directly. But there exists a strong positive correlation amid the money supply and industrial production in Nigeria. Findings suggest that money market interest rates should be decreased and maintained by regulatory bodies at current levels. It is the job of the central bank to make sure there is always enough cash on hand for productive endeavours.

Triumfetta cordifolia is used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, however, the aqueous methanol extract of T. cordifolia leaves have not been explored scientifically to confirm this ethno-medicinal claim using animal model. In this study, aqueous methanol extract of T. cordifolia leaves was tested for its anti- inflammatory properties and the profiling of flavonoid components using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vivo anti-inflammatory efficacy was performed utilizing a rat model of formalin-induced paw edema. The extract's anti-inflammatory effectiveness against formalin-induced paw edema revealed notable anti-inflammatory effects. The percentage inhibition of the extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg with 10.69% inhibition was comparable to the standard drug aspirin with 10.69% inhibition while the dose of 100 and 250 mg/kg has higher percentage inhibition (13.58%) in comparison with the standard drug aspirin (10.69%) at same time interval all in the curative measure. The major flavonoid compounds from the HPLC analysis include kaempferol, quercitrin, (+) - catechin, luteolin, quercetin, myricetin, hesperidin, narigin, apigenin and rutin. Thus, it can be suggested that the high content of flavonoids may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory activities exhibited by the methanol extract of T. cordifolia. Therefore, the results obtained in this study shows that the methanol leaf extract of T. cordifloia possess potent anti-inflammatory activity in acute inflammation.

The aim of this analysis is to compare and contrast the numerous categories of preformed crowns that can be used to restore the primary teeth in children. Historically, preformed crowns have been widely available for the past 50 years. The clinical performance of preformed crowns has evolved to meet higher functional, mechanical, and aesthetic demands. Preformed crowns are available in a range of prefabricated sizes and shapes. Preformed crowns can vary depending on their properties, compounds, methods of preparation and biocompatibility.

Background: It is well known that education and learning can be linked with lucid, playful and pleasurable experiences. Aim: This study evaluated the knowledge, attitude and practice of edutainment among anatomy educators. Methods: The study was conducted among Anatomy educators in four Colleges of Medicine in South Eastern Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design with a validated structured questionnaire. A total of 34 lecturers (8 females and 24 males) participated in the study. Results: Thirty one (91.2%) of our respondents has heard of edutainment. Their major source of information was from the internet (n=19; 61.3%) followed by conferences (n=9; 29%). Our respondents showed a positive attitude to edutainment. 28 (82.4%) of our respondents said edutainment is not part of their curriculum and 24 (70.6%) of our respondents use edutainment to teach anatomy. Conclusion: Edutainment in anatomy teaching is necessary and will be productive, there is need to complement traditional teaching method (lectures) with edutainment in anatomy teaching in other to increase students’ interest and understanding.

The aim of this study is to investigate the physiologic effect of prolonged consumption of Raphia Hookeri fruits pulp aqueous extract on renal functions of male wistar rats. A total of 32 male wistar rats of weight ranging from 130gram to 200grams were used. The extract was administered orally for each 4 groups except control (group1) for twenty-eight (28) days. Group 1 rats were given animal feed and water only, group 2 were given 500mg/kg body weight of the extract, group 3 were given 1000mg/kg body weight of the extract, group 4 were given 2000mg/kg body weight of extract. The statistical analysis done using mean and standard deviation, P value at ≤ 0.05 and results showed that the sodium ion levels in all the test groups were marginally raised when compared to group 1, potassium ion levels in all test groups had only non-significant variations when compared to both the control and test groups but in test groups were seen to be slightly reduced with respect to group 1. Groups 2, 3 and 4 indicated elevated bicarbonate ion but of all, it was most and significant in group 4 when compared to group 1. Chloride ion indicated non-uniform and non-significant changes when compared to both the control and test groups. Creatinine all indicates non-significant effects of the extract when compared to group 1. The increase observed in urea and creatinine indicates that kidney function would deteriorate as it prolongs which negatively alter the renal physiology of the male wistar rats.

The new normal order of life after the coronavirus/covid-19 pandemic requires changes in government procedures that were previously carried out conventionally/analogously to digital. The state's civil apparatus has undoubtedly been impacted by the age of disruption. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine how organizational learning is impacted by the implementation of information technology and agility, as well as how the state's civil service performs as a result of these factors. Using SmartPLS 3.3 as a research methodology for quantitative analysis. The research sample is 100 respondents. Conclusions of the study: Information technology implementation has a significant positive impact on organizational learning, agility has a significant positive impact on organizational learning, information technology implementation has a significant positive impact on state civil servants' performance, and organizational learning has a significant positive impact on performance state civil service.

Nuclear energy is the second-highest producer of carbon-free electricity after hydropower. Currently, nuclear energy is generated from fission- where the nuclei of an atom split into several parts; however, research on the energy generation from fusion is ongoing. Nuclear reactors are termed as heart of this process. This paper reviews the major nuclear reactor involved in these reactors' power generation and working and provides a broader aspect of the GEN-IV reactor.

Background: Male infertility is a significant yet under-reported public health concern. It affects 30% of couples who regularly engage in unprotected sexual activity. In Nigeria, the male partner is sometimes unwilling to have a fertility evaluation, which results in the underreporting of male infertility. The female partner is frequently held responsible for infertility. Hyperprolactinaemia has been identified as a reversible cause of male infertility, which is amenable to treatment, but studies to evaluate the concept are sparse. Aim: To determine if there is an association between high prolactin levels and abnormal seminal fluid analysis parameters. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional analytical study involving male partners of infertile couples. Two hundred and thirty-three (233) patients that met the inclusion criteria and gave informed consent were enrolled on the study at the Human Reproduction and Research Program Unit (HRRP) of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin-city, Nigeria. A detailed history was taken, and a physical examination was done for all subjects. Seminal fluid analysis was done for all subjects, and blood was also collected for serum prolactin assay. Information was obtained from sociodemographic data and medical history. Data obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS Package version 20.0. Results: The study included 233 patients, with a mean age of 40.77.1 and a majority (57.7%) of the subjects with aberrant SFA between the ages of 40 and 49. Participants with normal and abnormal SFA had hyperprolactinemia at 4.3% and 14.2%, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between prolactin level, motility (r=-0.010, p=0.001), morphology (r=-0.077, p=0.001) and sperm count (r=-0.082, p=0.003). Obesity, alcohol consumption and smoking were significant predictors of abnormal sperm parameters (p=0.011, p=0.001, and p=0.001, respectively). Conclusion: This study indicated a relationship between hyperprolactinaemia, sperm count, motility, and morphology, which suggests that increased prolactin may negatively affect semen quality if left untreated.

Anthropometry can be defined as the art and science of measurements of physical dimensions of parts or whole of human body. Cephalofacial measurement is an important anthropometry, which generates data that form important indices for studying brain growth and formation of facial types. This descriptive study involves 390 Ogoni Children (215 males and 175 females) between the ages of 5-12 years. Since very few studies have been done on Nigerian infants, the aim of this study is to evaluate the Cephalofacial morphology of Ogoni Children and describe sexual dimorphism among the population study. The length and width of the head and face of each subject was measured to determine the cephalic Index and facial Index of each subject and evaluate the prevalent head and face type of the population study. The results showed that mean values of the cephalic and facial indices were higher for males than females. The mean cephalic Index values were 71.85±3.79 and 71.79±3.86 for males and females respectively. The difference in these values were not found to be statistically significant and thus cannot be useful in describing sexual dimorphism among the study population (p>0.05). The mean facial Index values were 85.35±6.05 and 83.86±4.86 for males and females respectively. The difference found in these values were statistically significant (p<0.05) and thus was useful in describing sexual dimorphism. The results also showed that dolichocephalic head type was the most prevalent with males (47.44%) having a higher percentage prevalence than females (41.71%), while euryprosopic facial type was the most prevalent with females (42.29%) having a higher percentage prevalence than males (37.21%).

Long covid syndrome is a condition that persists in patients infected with SARS Covid 19 virus which may affect several organ systems. These individuals do not completely recover and symptoms may persist for a long time. There is a high risk of infection in post covid syndrome as the immune system gets suppressed. Cough and dyspnea were the most reported symptoms within the subjects. Patients with comorbidities have a high risk of hospitalization, the most prevalent comorbidity being diabetes mellitus followed by hypertension. Cardiovascular and pulmonary complications were most prevalent among the study subjects. The blood group related evaluation helps in studying the prevalence of long Covid in each blood type and to find the most susceptible group to persisting symptoms of Covid-19. The evaluation of lab parameters helped in understanding the pattern of lab changes in the affected individuals. The changes in the quality of life are topics of discussion, as the persisting symptoms may affect the everyday life of the affected individuals. Using a set of standard questionnaires, the quality of life was calculated qualitatively and conclusions were derived.

Beyond copious production of biogas, household septic tanks present largely untapped potentials for waste water recycling, especially in area with difficulty in getting sustainable supply of water and energy. The black water (the faeces and urine from the toilets) and grey water (the waste water from the bathrooms, kitchen and laundry) in the septic tank can be harnessed for biogas production and could be recycled for use in irrigation and other domestic uses. In this work, an enhanced septic tank system was designed and implemented in the preliminary treatment of domestic waste water. From the results obtained the system has the ability to significantly reduce the TDS, turbidity, and BOD of a given sample prior to filtration. The COD and TDS of the sample decreased and increased with time due to pressure buildup. This informs the timing for fluid transfer into the next phase of the recycling – sand filtration. Optimization of the design and operations of the new enhanced septic tank system is important in the actualization of the goal of having efficient bio-waste recycling and conversion.