Background: The transmission rates of Poliomyelitis are nearing historic lows. 2026 will prove to be a defining year in public health history where the disease may either get eradicated or continue simmering as periodic outbreaks. The goal of achieving a ‘Polio-Free World’ appears near, thanks to decades of hard work, global collaboration, unprecedented funding and, certainly, the power of vaccines. Unfortunately, polio is proving to be a tenacious opponent. The challenges in polio eradication increase manifold, 2026 onwards, due to current geo-political conflicts and health funding cuts. Text: Poliomyelitis is an exclusive human disease caused by polio virus, belonging to the Picornaviridae family. The primary mode of transmission is through the faeco-oral route. Around 95% of cases are asymptomatic and about 1% cases present as aseptic meningitis. Paralytic poliomyelitis, which is seen in less than 1% of patients presents as excruciating episodes of pain in back and lower limbs and can present as Spinal polio, Bulbar polio or Bulbospinal polio which is a combination of bulbar and spinal paralysis and is most severe. The ratio of inapparent to paralytic infections could be as high as 1000 to 1 in children and 75 to 1 in adults, depending on the polio virus type and the social conditions. The microbiology of the virus has been studied in detail and the intricacies of its interaction with the human host are being decoded effectively. The innumerable milestones achieved till date have helped in keeping the morale to end polio, high. Nonetheless, many questions still persist and need to be answered. In the mid-20th century, the efforts to combat the polio epidemic, succeeded through introduction of vaccines. Over 3 billion children have been immunized against polio and 20 million people are walking today, who otherwise would have been paralyzed. Along with the goal of eradicating wild polio virus [WPV], circulating Vaccine-Derived Polio virus [cVDPV] outbreaks are proving to be formidable to control. In 2022, closely related strains of polio virus were detected in New York State County and London boroughs. This constituted the first encounter with polio virus in the United States and United Kingdom for a generation, people and public health officers alike! The potential of a possible resurgence of polio cases, like in the past, concerns health scientists. To end polio in the face of challenges, new tactics and novel innovative tools are being deployed. Will this be sufficient in the current ever-changing political scenario? Conclusion: The Polio Oversight Board [POB] of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative [GPEI] launched its eradication strategy in year 2022. The target was polio eradication up to 2026. After critical analysis, expert consultations and revisions in budget, the timeline has been extended to 2029. Political instability, humanitarian crisis and most importantly, global health funding cuts are threatening the progress made. Year 2026 will prove to be a crucial year in this fight to the finish. This article intends to summarize the microbiology and complex pathogenesis of poliomyelitis, epidemiology of the disease through various timelines, the major campaigns organized globally, their achievements, resurgence of poliomyelitis amidst geo-political conflicts and global health funding cuts. This article makes an attempt to understand the practical implications for health and social scientists as they struggle to learn from the past and search for useful heuristic in an attempt to save our children from disability and eradicate poliomyelitis.

This paper examines how digital technologies can bridge the critical gap between data availability and decision-making effectiveness in capital project execution. Despite the exponential growth in data generation and the widespread adoption of digital tools, capital projects frequently suffer from cost overruns and schedule delays. This paradox suggests that the primary value of digitalization lies not in data collection, but in the ability to translate raw data into timely, actionable insights that drive proactive management. Using a conceptual framework supported by industry observations and case studies, this research illustrates how digital technologies and its components bring impact to the Capital project performance. The findings reveal that successful digital transformation is less a technological challenge and more an organizational one, requiring robust data governance, cultural alignment, and clear decision accountability. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for implementing digital solutions that move project controls from retrospective reporting to forward-looking insight generation, ultimately improving project performance and reducing execution uncertainty.

Industrial facilities frequently rely on large steel structures exposed to wind and seismic forces. Structural safety depends on accurate load estimation and appropriate design methods. This study examines modeling approaches used in steel industrial facilities, including manufacturing plants and energy systems. The analysis considers load combinations, frame stability, and connection behavior under combined loading conditions. Finite element simulation tools are applied to evaluate structural response, including displacement patterns, stress distribution, and potential failure zones. Wind loads are determined using geometric and exposure characteristics, while seismic effects are analyzed through response spectrum methods to represent dynamic behavior. The results show that detailed structural modeling leads to reduced displacement, improved load transfer, and more stable structural performance. The use of bracing systems and properly designed connections increases resistance to lateral and dynamic forces. The study also identifies critical areas where stress concentration and deformation may occur under different loading scenarios. These findings provide a structured approach for analyzing steel industrial structures under multiple hazards. The proposed framework supports consistent evaluation of structural performance and contributes to improved design practices for industrial facilities subjected to wind and seismic effects.

Children's rights are a global phenomenon that consistently involves gendered discourses focused on education, equality, and health rights. However, there is a preference for attention to be given to the rights of the girl child. This preference stems from clear cultural, religious, and social factors that naturally place the girl child in a vulnerable position that a boy child is not typically exposed to. While there are international, regional, and national laws in place to protect the rights of the girl child, the harmful practice of child, early, and forced marriage (CEFM) still persists in certain regions of Nigerian society. This practice subjects the girl child to mental and emotional anguish, ultimately depriving her of opportunities such as education, career advancement, and political aspirations. The purpose of this paper is to propose a method by which issues related to CEFM can be promptly reported and effectively addressed through an online dispute resolution mechanism (ODR). To achieve this goal, there is an urgent need for a legislative review of current laws on alternative dispute resolution and the establishment of a digital platform where each CEFM issues can be reported, addressed and resolved.

Service failure detection in distributed microservice platforms remains difficult because fault symptoms often appear in services other than the one where the problem begins. Traditional monitoring methods usually examine metrics, logs, or traces separately, which limits their ability to identify partial degradation, fault propagation, and cascading disruption. This paper proposes a multi-source, dependency aware framework for service failure detection in distributed microservice platforms. The method integrates distributed traces, service level metrics, and structured log events into a unified service state representation and interprets these signals through a dynamic service dependency graph. A hybrid failure scoring model identifies degraded or failed services, while a root cause ranking stage estimates the most likely origin of the incident. The framework captures both local anomalies and propagated effects across connected services. Experimental analysis compares the proposed method with metrics only, trace only, and logs only baselines under latency inflation, timeout propagation, service crash, resource exhaustion, and silent degradation scenarios. Results show that the proposed approach achieves stronger detection accuracy, lower detection delay, and better root cause ranking performance, particularly in cascading failure cases where single source methods often misidentify affected services as the source of the incident. These findings indicate that observability fusion with dependency aware analysis provides a more reliable basis for service level diagnosis in cloud native microservice systems.

Angular cheilitis is a prevalent, multifactorial inflammatory lesion at the oral commissures that occurs with notable frequency in patients undergoing prosthodontic rehabilitation. Reduced occlusal vertical dimension, ill-fitting dentures, xerostomia, and Candida overgrowth are the principal predisposing factors. Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment supported by microbiological sampling to differentiate fungal from bacterial etiologies. Management requires a combined approach encompassing antifungal pharmacotherapy, prosthetic correction, including restoration of the occlusal vertical dimension, and optimization of oral and denture hygiene. The published evidence base for specific treatments remains limited, with very few randomized controlled trials available. Prosthodontists should adopt a systematic diagnostic framework that addresses both microbial and mechanical etiologies to reduce recurrence and improve the patient’s quality of life.

The liberation size of Muro iron ore was determined by obtaining iron ore samples from Toto Local Government Area, Nasarawa State. The collected samples were subjected to crushing and grinding to reduce their size. The elemental composition and mineralogical characteristics of the ground sample were then examined via SEM-EDS analysis. Particle size analysis of the homogenised iron ore sample was conducted, and the sieve fractions obtained were chemically analysed with the X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF). The SEM-EDS analysis revealed that iron (Fe) and silicon (Si) were the most predominant elemental constituents with atomic percentages of 38.7% and 51.2%, respectively. The iron-bearing grains are most abundant at grain sizes less than 100µm. The mesh of grind (D80 value) of the iron ore was found to be 276 µm, the actual liberation size of the ore is -1180 + 850 µm, having the highest recovery of iron (Fe) at 44.85%. The 50% intersection, which indicates the economic liberation size of the ore is at -75 + 53 µm. Whenever Muro iron ore is ground in preparation for the concentration process, the economic liberation size of -75 + 53 µm should be adopted to prevent energy wastage through over-grinding and poor recovery due to under-grinding.