Introduction: Stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease is one of the most common Neurological diseases. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Cerebrovascular disease threatening human health and life with high morbidity, disability and mortality. Major risk factors of ischaemic strokes are hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) is an inflammatory marker which appears to be a strong predictor of risk factor and prognostic marker of Ischaemic stroke. Objective: To find the acute course of HsCRP and its association with short term prognosis following Ischaemic stroke. Methods: A Cross sectional observational study at Dept. of Neurology, Enam Medical College Hospital, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh From March 2020 to April 2021. Total number of subjects in this study were 101 with power 80% (persons aged 30 years & above; both male and female). Both sexes and their plasma high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) level was measured within 48 hours of admission and on the 5th day after admission. Results: The study showed that the level of HsCRP did not change significantly when measured within 48 hours of onset of Ischaemic stroke and on 5th day after stroke (p=0.335) - the prognosis and severity remained same when followed for 5 days. It, also, showed that the level of CRP ≥ 3 within 48 hours of admission is associated with increased severity and mortality of stroke (Z=14.4; p<0.0001). Conclusion: HsCRP level provides rapid and reliable information regarding severity & prognosis in patients with Ischaemic stroke. The level of HsCRP does not change significantly when measured within 48 hours of onset of Ischaemic stroke and on 5th day after stroke. Also, the level of CRP on 5th day was same as within 48 hours of stroke - the prognosis and severity remained same. If confirmed by larger, longitudinal studies this association may be used as a tool to assess the severity and prognosis in a patient with Ischaemic strokes.

Introduction: Myocardial infarction is one of the most serious pathological condition in which the heart is irritated, inflamed and influenced by multiple factors to cause high mortality and morbidity in the developed and underdeveloped countries. Objectives: To see correlation between Electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and adverse outcome following acute myocardial infarction in hypertensive patient. Materials and Methods: A Cross sectional analytical study was carried out at the Department of cardiology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh Bangladesh from March - 2014 to February- 2015. Patients admitted into cardiology department with Acute Myocardial Infarction with hypertension who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Due to time and cost limitation, 65 cases were selected. Results: A total number of sixty five patients were studied of which 56(86.15%) were male and nine (13.84%) were female. The age range was 40 to 70 years. Mean age of male was 52.9±8.4 and female was 56.5±7.5. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of presence of absence of electrocardiograph left ventricular hypertrophy. All patients had myocardial infarction with evidence of hypertension at admission or known case of hypertension. Group A consisted of 38 patients (58.45%) with ECG-LVH and group B with no ECG_LVH consisted of 27 patients (41.55%). The mean age of group A was 54.25 ±8.9 and group B was 52.55 ± 8.15. Majority patients (34) belonged to 40-50 years age group (52.30%). Twenty one patients belonged to 51-60 years group (32.30%). Ten patients belonged to 61-70 years age group (15.4%), male: female ratio was 6.2: 1. Out of total 68 patients, 43 patients (64.42%) had hypertension on admission and 24 cases (35.38%) had normal blood pressure on admission. Of the 38 patients of group A, 24 had anterior myocardial infarction (63.15%) and 14 had inferior myocardial infarction (36.84%) and 7 had both anterior and inferior myocardial infarction (10.76%). The statistical analysis was highly significant in between group A & group B. The incidence of QMI was highly significant (P= <0.01) between Group A & Group B. QMI was for more common in group A, the incidence was higher in presence of ECG –LVH. In group A hospital stay (days) was 6.74±1.53 days, and 14% had mortality. On the other hand, in group B, it was found that hospital stay (days) was 5.28±1.06 days, and 2% had mortality. 30 patients (81.89%) developed arrhythmia and 8 cases (21.05%) did not developed arrhythmia in group A. In Group B 16(51.85%) developed arrhythmia and 13 cases (48.14%) didn’t develop arrhythmia. Statistically, relation between Group A & Group B was significant (p <0.05). Statistical relationship between group A & group B was significant and this signifies the higher possibilities of occurrence of mortality in ECG-LVH due to hypertension with acute myocardial infarction than without ECG. Conclusion: The study concluded that ECG-LVH changes following acute myocardial infarction in patients with hypertension had more adverse in-hospital outcomes.

Nature has given a large source of medicinal agents from plants for the past thousands of years, an impressive number of modern drugs have been isolated from natural sources. The plant-based, traditional medicine system continues to play an essential role in health care, with about 80% of the world’s inhabitants relying mainly on traditional medicines for their primary health care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice towards herbal medicine (HM) in Raichur district of Karnataka. A descriptive, validated cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted for a period of six months. The survey was divided into 3 themes and comprised of 30 items that gathered information about the knowledge, attitude and practice of respondents toward herbal medicines. Approximately 50.5% of the respondents believed that herbal medications are better than commercially available prescription and over-the-counter drugs. Majority (72.5%) of them reported that they did not visit physicians for their complementary and alternative medicine use. The most common influences for using this type of treatment were family (65%) followed by the internet (29.6%). The most commonly reported herbal medicines used were tulsi (65.9%) and ginger (54.4%). More than half of the respondents (59.8%) reported that cough/cold is the most common ailment for using HM. The study revealed a high prevalence of HM use among general public of north Karnataka. More awareness and education about risks and complications of HM use are needed for general public.

Our objectives were to identify the most common type and class of poisons, management, lab parameters affected, presence of underlying psychiatric illness, average hospital stay and complications.Retrospective observational study was conducted including all patients who presented with poisoning from 2016 to 2020.From 210 patients reviewed, consisting of 125 females and 85 males, intentional poisoning accounted for 149 cases while accidental poisoning accounted for 61 cases.133 cases were due to drug, 44 cases due to household products, 21 due to insecticide while alcohol, plant and chemical accounted for 4 cases each. Paracetamol was the most commonly misused drug. Most of the patients were managed with supportive measures alone. Antidotes were used in 32 cases. 52 of the intentional and 4 of the accidental poisoning had underlying psychiatric illness. Anticonvulsant poisoning had highest average hospital stay.Only mild variations were observed in lab parameters.11 patients developed complications due to poisoning.

Despite the undeniable contribution of the computerized inventory management in hospital pharmacy and the increasing performance of storage facilities, the practice has revealed several shortcomings and difficulties in terms of stock management. The aim of this work is to suggest two organizational approaches that result from a long experience over five phases, which benefited from the commitment of our hospital top management. It’s about the Address-Position Code (APC) and the Internal Customer-Supplier System (ICSS). These two approaches allow us optimizing stock management and securing pharmaceutical products while improving their availability for the benefit of their users. Thus, they could be applicable in other similar structures to master pharmaceutical products flow and stock management.

The development of anthelmintic resistance and the high cost of traditional anthelmintic drugs have led to the evaluation of medicinal plants as an alternative source of anthelmintic drugs. Parasitic roundworms (nematodes) cause significant morbidity and mortality in livestock and cause significant loss of productivity in farmers around the world. Control of these nematodes has relied heavily on the use of a limited number of anthelmintic drugs. However, resistance to many of these anthelmintic is now widespread, and new drugs need to be found to ensure sustainable and effective treatment and management in the future. In present study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of PEE, EAE, MEE & AEE extracts of Cleome viscose Linn seeds. The result revealed that ethyl acetate extract at 50 mg/mL was the most active against Pheretima posthuma.

Background: ALL is a malignancy of B or T lymphoblasts which is characterized by unrestrained spread of abnormal, immature lymphocytes and their progenitors which results in the replacement of bone marrow and other lymphoid organs subsequently. Methods: This study was a observational cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Hematology, in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study period was from October 2019- September 2020. The sample size for this study was 100. Result: Most of the respondents 53(53%) were from <20 years and the mean age was 30±11.18. The female was 68(68%) and male was 32(32%). Fever was found in 100% cases and Progressive pallor in 98%. Bony tenderness was found in 58 cases and followed by Splenomegaly 48, Lymphadenopathy in 46, Oral ulcer in 46, Hepatomegaly in 36. The range of Total WBC count (x109/L) was (6-435) and the Mean±SD was 52.51±78.70 and followed by Hb% (gm/dl) was (4.1-13.4) and 9.25±1.49, Platelet (x109/L) was (5-20000) and 505.20±2815.29. S. uric acid (mg/dL) was (1.40-30.03) and 5.76±4.61. S. inorganic phosphate (mg/dL) was (2.30-7.70) and 4.19±1.20. S. potassium (mmol/L) (2.50-5.40) and 3.92±0.56. S. calcium (mg/dL) was (1.10-11.80) and 8.33±2.08. S. creatinine (mg/dL) was (0.19-3.59) and 89±0.55. In 72% TLS was absent and in 28% was present. Conclusions: Rapid spread of TLS often causes severe toxic effects on organs, which leads to renal impairment, epilepsy, cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, and even death.

Introduction: Non-communicable disease causes over 36 million deaths globally each year. And among the NCD deaths, over 82% of premature deaths occur in underdeveloped and developing countries. Some of the non-communicable diseases like hypertension, diabetes and asthma are emerging as major health problems in Bangladesh. The Bangladesh government has given high priority to research these particular diseases. But although there are many global studies regarding the risk factors of hypertension, not much research has been done regarding the increasing risk of hypertension in rural areas. This study aims to determine the correlation of various factors with hypertension among the population of a rural locality. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the rural area of Dumki upazilla of Patuakhali district. Sample population was selected following simple random sampling technique. Socio-demographic information, information about smoking, family history of hypertension status were collected using a pre-prepared questionnaire. Blood pressure, body weight and height of 255 individuals between the age range of 40-90 years of both sexes were measured and collected. Result: Among the participants, 98 were male and 157 were female. The mean age of the participants was 45.28 years, and mean weight was 56.27 kg. 40% of the participants were aged between 41-50 years and 38.04% were aged between 51-60 years. Among the participants, majority were educated, and only 16.47% were illiterate. Majority of the participants (39.61%) were housewives, and 10.98% were service holders. Only 7.45% of the participants were unemployed. The biggest risk factor in the present study participants was excessive salt intake, present in 64.84% of the participants. This was closely followed by family history of hypertension, present in 61.18% of the participants. High BMI was also present in 48.63% of the participants. Conclusion: Increased BMI and high blood pressure are high risk factors for hypertension. Hypertension was observed to occur more in the female population, and the risk of hypertension increased with age. Excessive salt intake and smoking, Jarda consumption and tobacco chewing are also some risk factors observed in this particular rural study.

Hydatid bilio-bronchial fistula (HBBF) is a rare complication but serious because it is responsible for lesions at three levels: abdominal, biliary, and thoracic, with high perioperative mortality. We reported the case of an HBBF, who had surgical resection of the Hydatid Cyst of the Liver that was complicated by HBBF which was managed by an endoscopic sphincterotomy with the placement of a biliary stent with a good evolution and healing of the bilio-bronchial fistula. Through this case and a review of the literature, endoscopic seems to be an effective and safe treatment option for postoperative Hydatid bilio-bronchial fistula.