The occurrence of hemorrhage from an intra-arterial catheter remains exceptional despite the risk of disconnection described for the femoral site. The occurrence of a state of hemorrhagic shock on the arterial blood pressure line still remains accidental and may be responsible for high morbidity and mortality. We report a case of hemorrhagic shock that occurred in intensive care following an accidental disconnection in the blood pressure system.

Oral ingestion is the preferential route for various drugs, providing an acceptable technique to consummate both local likewise systemic effects. SRDDS designed to ease off drug at a fixed rate by upholding a constant drug level for a definite period of time with decrease side effects. The fundamental reasoning of SRDDS exemplifies the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and biopharmaceutical effects of a drug so that it utility is increased, reduced the side-effects and control the disease. Nowadays research and development are carried out on sustained release formulations due to its inherent benefits over conventional dosage form. The main objective of the review, we discuss the sustained release tablets, its rationale, challenges, advantages, disadvantages, various polymers used in the preparation, of these formulations. This system gets easy to adopt for designing to treat various diseases thereby it improves patient compliance.

Globalization and economic progress have been accompanied with an increase in the incidence of lifestyle diseases worldwide. Lifestyle Diseases are a major public health problem globally. According to World Health Organization (WHO), nearly 71% of all deaths globally were attributed to Lifestyle Diseases, a subset of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). A lifestyle disease is linked to the way a person lives. Lifestyle diseases are ailments that are primarily based on the day to day habits of people. Habits that detract people from activity and push them towards a sedentary routine can cause several health issues that lead to chronic non-communicable diseases with life threatening consequences. A primary intent of this article is to educate readers about the risk factors associated with Lifestyle diseases as well as to encourage them to follow a healthy lifestyle in order to reduce the chances of developing a Lifestyle related disease later in their lives.

COVID-19 and malaria share similar pathogenic pathways with the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 as a central initiator of signals to stimulate host cellular responses which in some instances result in multi-organ affectation. These signaling proteins are either upregulated or downregulated with the consequences of provoking immune responses with varying tissue damages. The similarities in clinical presentations, associated complications and therapeutic responses to the repurposed medications (anti-malarial drugs being used as anti-viral molecules) for the treatment of the novel disease COVID-19 have stimulated enormous interest in the recent past. The major objectives in this regard are to define the association between these two disease entities and possibly unveil options for interventions. This paper therefore aims at reviewing the molecular interactions which these diseases possibly share in their pathogenesis and phenotypic expressions and make projections for future interventions.

Thyroid diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) presents typically as a rapidly growing neck mass that is sometimes accompanied by respiratory compression symptoms. It is more predominant in women and has a peak onset age of 50 to 70 years [1]. DLBCL should be treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy after diagnosis through biopsy, and extensive surgery should be avoided. Here we describe a rare case of 63-year-old woman who was admitted in our ENT department due to rapidly growing (2 months), painful thyroid enlargement with compressive cervical symptoms.

Background: The eye is supported to be the second organ to manifest drug toxicity following liver. Systemic drugs are frequently administered in persons of all age group ranging from children to the elderly for various disorders. There has been increased reporting of ocular side effects of various antipsychotic drugs in the past two decades. Psychiatrists, ophthalmologists and patients need to be aware of and prepared for any medication-induced toxic effect. Early prevention and intervention can avoid most of the serious and potentially irreversible ocular toxicities. Objective: The aims of the present study were to evaluate the occurrence of toxic ocular effects of antipsychotic drugs, evaluate intraocular pressure of chronic psychotic patients treated with psychiatric medications, correlate toxic ocular effects in patients treated with a variety of antipsychotics to duration of treatment. Methods: The present study was conducted on 100 chronic psychotic patients attending the Dr. Sirajul Islam Medical College and Hospital Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh who on treatment of antipsychotic drugs for a period more than six months period with age group between20 - 60 years. Data was entered in MS Excel and Statistical analysis was done using SPSS trial version 22. Results: 14% of those patients were on typical therapy alone, 16% on atypical antipsychotic alone while 70% were on combined therapy. As regard lens opacity, 7% was suffered from lens opacity, six cases due to typical therapy while one cases due to atypical therapy. Intraocular pressure was manifested in 11% of all cases. Optic disc examination revealed two cases had increased cup disc ratio who on typical therapy alone. Conclusion: It can be concluded that many systematic drugs can produce ocular and visual side effect which range from mild to severe and can be even vision threatening.