In the beyond few years, there was a number of interests in and use of particulate delivery structures as immune providers each for small and large molecules withinside the area of drug administration. A form of drug molecule has pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties that adjust and enhance used inclusive of nanoparticles. In vivo, they were used to protect drug entities withinside the systemic circulation, restrict drug gets entry to sure areas, and distribute drugs at a regulated and constant price to the activity site. Various polymers are applied withinside the appearance of nanoparticles for drug delivery evaluation to increase healing benefit while decreasing side effects. This paper discusses an extensive variety of subjects associated with nanoparticle formulation, characterization, structural effects, and applications in drug delivery and therapeutic gene delivery. This study examines several themes relating to the formation of nanoparticles, characterisation, architectural impacts, and drug delivery and medicinal gene therapy application.

Chronic renal failure and end stage renal failure is an established healthcare issue with a growing prevalence. Depression is particularly common in the already physically and mentally morbid patient population with negative adverse consequences on their health and quality of life. Treatment of depression in these patients is not well established in literature and rigorous clinical trials are lacking. Review of available RCTs on treatments modalities were reviewed. Pharmacologic treatments are comparable to non-pharmacologic treatments regarding efficacy. however pharmacologic treatments pose an additional risk to this already medically debilitated patients. It is imperative to consider psychological interventions first when treating depression in patients with chronic renal failure and end stage renal disease patients.

Introduction: In Cameroon, as in other developing countries, rural populations use medicinal plants based on knowledge and ancestral practices. To promote this type of medicine, the aim of the present study was to characterize medicinal plants and recipes used by traditional healers of Mbam and Inoubou Division in Cameroon. Material and methods: A total of 17 volunteer traditional healers were interviewed. Plants were photographed and the samples collected in the presence of the traditional healers. The identification of these plant samples was carried out by the experts of the National Herbarium of Cameroon. Results: Eighty-two (82) species with 77 genera and 44 botanical families were counted. Herbaceous plants (46%) followed by trees (36%) constituting the morphological types mostly represented. The main families were Fabaceae (9 species), Euphorbiaceae (7 species), Asteraceae (6 species), Poaceae (4 species) and Apocynaceae (3 species). 126 herbal recipes were identified. Decoction was the most widely used method of preparation and the oral route was the main route of administration. Ageratum conyzoides L (5.24%), Citrus medica L (4.71%), Carica papaya L (4.19%), Elaeis guineensis. Jacq. (3.67%), Senna alata (L.) Roxb (3.67%), Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stap (3.14%), Euphorbia hirta L (3.14%), Musa paradisiaca L. (3.14%), Psidium guajava L (3.14%) and Annona muricata L (2.62%) represented the ten species of medicinal plants most used. Conclusion: Plants and recipes identified constitute a basis for studies on phytochemical and pharmaco-toxicological analyzes, which are essential for the development of improved traditional medicines.

We report the case of a 46-year-old patient with a history of multifocal tuberculosis (peritoneal and pericardial) treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs and corticosteroid therapy for 12 months. He presented with progressive onset right heart failure syndrome during the course of his treatment related to chronic constrictive pericarditis documented by transthoracic ultrasound and right heart catheterization. The treatment was surgical by decortication with favorable operative consequences. This observation aims to question the rapid evolution of tuberculous pericarditis to chronic constrictive pericarditis usually described in the literature as a rare complication and occurring very late after several years.

One of the approaches towards alleviation of peptic ulcer disease is by use of antiulcer agents. Cost factor has an important role to play in the choice of antiulcer agents in ulcer therapy. Piper guineense, a flora to tropical Africa, is claimed by traditional medicine as a remedy for peptic ulcer. Despite its wide usage in crude form, purified form of Piper guineense are yet to be explored. The aim of the study was to evaluate the gastroprotective activities of fraction extracts of Piper guineense on ethanol-induced ulcer in wistar rats. This was done by administering orally, 400mg/kg of various fraction extracts to six test groups, 100mg/kg cimetidine to a positive control group and 5ml/kg Tween 80 (3% v/v) to a negative control group. Histological study and effect of the extracts on stomach weight were conducted. Findings revealed that extracts significantly (p<0.05) inhibited gastric ulceration with PF-4 producing 49.02% ulcer inhibition while cimetidine produced 81.93%. Histological study revealed gastroprotection with minor epithelial loss in extract-treated group. The extracts (PF-2, PF-4. EE) respectively produced 23.47%, 27.23% and 33.33% significant (p<0.05) increase in stomach weight of rats. In conclusion, the fraction extracts of Piper guineense possess gastroprotective activities.

Infectious virus diseases have significant impacts on public health and emerge at an unprecedented rate. Compare to all viral diseases, combating COVID-19, that is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus was a big challenge to the researchers. Among all the therapeutics, antiviral drugs, corticosteroids, and Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) occupy a prominent position in declining the COVID-19 mortality rate. With the advent of science and technology, recent clinical studies extended towards the assessment of Multi-Drug Therapy (MDT) impact on invading the pathogen and adverse effects on cellular metabolism. Recent studies showed that MDT also affects major cellular functions such as fertility, however, the interactions of Anti COVID-19 Therapeutics (ACTs) with the fertility-related biomolecules are not yet clear. In the current study, I show the interaction of ACTs such as Dexamethasone, Remdesivir, and Baricitinib with the Homo sapiens acrosomal protein SP-10 using molecular docking studies. Among all the drug interactions with the SP-10 protein structure, Dexamethasone showed the highest binding affinity -5.9, followed by Remdesivir -5.3 and Baricitinib -5.0 kcal/mol. The interaction between ACTs and human SP-10 might help to unveil the fertility issues that arise in males during COVID-19 disease management.