Uterotibb is one of the potent Unani medicines that offers a natural solution to various human health issues. The present investigation explores the active phytochemical constituents of Unani medicine Uterotibb using GC-MS analysis. This study further evaluated the antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity against a panel of human pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus Subtilis, E. coli, and Klebsiella pneumonia. GC-MS studies revealed the presence of 388 phytochemical compounds in the alkali aqueous extract of Uterotibb. The main active biomolecules were stigmast-5– en-3-0l, and oleate (2.84%). Cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl (1.74%). 1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carboxamide4-amino-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-(1.75%). Arsenous acid (1.48%). Pentane,1,1-thiobis (1.46%). 7,7,9,9,11,11-hexamethyl-3,6,8,10,12,15hexaoxa-7,9,11-trisilaheptadecane (1.46%). 4-(1,1dimethylpropyl-phenol, trimethylsilyl ether (1.43%). 1,2-bis (trimethyl silyl) benzene (1.36%). Adamantane methyl amine (1.32%). 1,4-benzenediole,2,5-bis(1,1 dimethyl ethyl)-(1.29%). 2-chloro aniline-5-sulphonic acid (1.28%); Acetic Acid, nitro-, methyl ester (1.24%) and Caprolactone oxime, (NB)-O-[(diethylboryloxy) (ethyl)boryl] (1.21%). Notably, Uterotibb extract exhibited antimicrobial activity in a concentration-dependent manner, where the highest concentration of 5 mg/mL showed a maximum zone of growth inhibition of 14.95±0.35 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, and the lowest zone of inhibition was 13.26±0.88 mm against Bacillus subtilis at the same concentration. The lowest MIC value was exhibited at 2 mg/mL concentration against Staphylococcus aureus where the highest MIC value of 4 mg/mL was observed against K. Pneumoniae. Further, the antioxidant potential of the extract exhibited scavenging activity of 67.115 ± 0.05 and 73.67 ± 0.09 using DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Finally, GC-MS profiling and bioactivity studies of the present work validate Uterotibb's potential as a natural Unani medicine for human care.

Operating room nursing interventions play a crucial role in ensuring patient safety and improving surgical outcomes. Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a significant concern in perioperative care, leading to increased morbidity, extended hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. The Review aimed to evaluate the Effectiveness of Operating room nursing interventions on Surgical site infection and patient outcomes. PubMed and CINAHL databases were searched, and research meeting criteria were included. Data were identified from all included articles, and themes were developed based on these data. PubMed and CINAHL databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published between 2018 and 2024. This scoping review synthesized evidence on the effectiveness of perioperative nursing interventions in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) and improving patient outcomes. Thematic analysis was used to extract key intervention strategies, and a rigorous inclusion and exclusion process ensured the selection of high-quality studies. A total of 15 studies were included in the review. Findings indicated that implementing perioperative nursing interventions significantly reduced SSIs and enhanced patient recovery. Perioperative nursing interventions play a critical role in reducing SSIs and improving patient safety. Hospitals should integrate evidence-based nursing practices into surgical protocols to enhance infection prevention and optimize postoperative recovery.

The term Human-Wildlife conflict (HWC) refers to the interaction between Human and Wild animals, which as a result causes a negative impact on the Human population, wild animals, their habitats and resources. This conflict takes place when the rapidly thriving human population get their hands in the well-established territory, which ultimately creates the competition for habitat as well as resources. HWC now becoming a very serious global issue and for resolving this conflict the global concern is required for the conservation of wildlife and development of humans alike. Taking into consideration, that expanding demands for access to land and resources by the exponential growth of the human population and urbanization, it is clear that this growing conflict between human and wildlife will not be abolished in the coming future. So the reason is very obvious and clear for the better understanding of this continuously increasing conflict and hence management options are very crucial for the good survival of both human as well as wildlife. The study reveals that human wildlife conflict is a growing problem throughout the study area and a number of causes have been identified in this regard. The issues need to be solved sincerely in order to avoid Man-animal conflict. This research articles reveals the damaged caused by wild animals to human being from 2014 to 2024 in Chenab region of Jammu and Kashmir along with the impact and mitigation strategies.

Vitamin D has been associated with the regulation of bone metabolism. However, increasing evidence demonstrates a strong association between vitamin D signaling and many biological processes to that immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory effects on the immune system. the presence of the vitamin D receptor in multiple immune cells, such as monocytes, dendritic cells, and activated T cells, vitamin D with a novel role in modulating immunological functions and its subsequent role in the development or prevention of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus Erythematosus, Type-1 Diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis. In the present review, the multiple and diverse effects of vitamin D on the immune system are reviewed.

It occurs the increasing production of the agro-industrial waste which is a great environmental problem that we need to face. Through a critical review of recent successes (2023–2024) in green extraction technologies for conversion of agro-waste to valuable bioactive compounds for use in the food and nutraceutical sectors, this study is conducted. The paper focuses on polyphenols, flavonoids and essential oils from their corresponding agro-waste sources by extraction using non-thermal techniques, namely; pulsed electric field (PEF), ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) using deep eutedic solvents (DES) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE-CO₂). Synergistic experiments on emerging hybrid methods of enzyme assisted microwave extraction (EA-MAE) and ohmic heating combined with solvent free extraction to enhance yield but preserve compound integrity are explored. The use of the artificial neural networks (ANN) and genetic algorithms are discussed within the context of extraction process optimization integration of artificial intelligence (ai) models. Plant based proteins, natural preservatives, nanoemulsions, probiotic synbiotics from agro-waste and its valorization pathways are reviewed focusing on the utilization of the plant-based proteins in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. The feasibility of these technologies is assessed using sustainability metric, such as life cycle assessment (LCA), regulatory challenge and economic viability. Then, future directions of the paper are outlined, namely the integration of zero waste and higher consumer acceptance of upcycled products to promote a circular bioeconomy.

Stillbirth is most commonly caused by problems that arise during pregnancy. Some of the major causes of stillbirth include infections within the uterus, lack of oxygen during birth, high blood pressure, eclampsia, premature labor, and inadequate prenatal care. The study aimed to examine whether Maternal and Fetal Risk Factors are associated with stillbirth. A six-stage scoping review framework was utilized by the Saudi Digital Library SDL, which includes a variety of databases such as ScienceDirect, EBSCO, PUBMED, BIOMED CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, and was searched for studies examining the association of Maternal Risk Factors and Fetal Risk Factors associated with stillbirth. The studies addressed maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth and conditions among pregnant women with dead fetuses. There was a spectrum of risks; Obesity, maternal medical history, anemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, placentas, and pathology of the placenta were the most common risks of stillbirth. Further research attempts to conceptualize stillbirth risk factors and explore them. perspective is needed to help inform stillbirth reduction strategies and efforts to prevent and reduce the scale of stillbirth. 19 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review, Pregnancy complications are the main cause of stillbirth. Maternal health conditions, birth asphyxia, eclampsia, preterm labor, and insufficient prenatal care are significant contributors to stillbirth.

Stray dog populations have significant ecological, social and health impacts on both human and wildlife populations. In urban areas, these feral pose challenges such as the spread of zoonotic diseases, aggressive encounters, and competition for resources, affecting public safety and sanitation. In wildlife habitats, stray dogs disrupt the ecosystem by preying on native species, transmitting diseases, and competing with the indigenous predators. Additionally, human activities, including improper waste disposal and habitat encroachment aggravate the issue by providing the feral dogs with sustenance and shelter. Effective management strategies that include sterilization programs, community engagement, and policy interventions, are essential to mitigate the negative consequences while fostering sustainable coexistence. This paper explores the complex interactions between stray dogs, humans and wildlife and outlines effective strategies for balanced management.