Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant health burden globally, and early diagnosis of precancerous lesions is paramount in prevention. Colposcopy-directed biopsy has been considered the gold standard to evaluate abnormal cervical cytology, but the correlation of colposcopic impression with histopathological examination has to be revalidated regularly in order to optimize screening programs. This study will correlate colposcopic findings and scoring indices with biopsy results to identify features that predict high-grade cervical lesions. Methods: 90 women with suspicious cervical findings or abnormal cytology were included in this cross-sectional study, who had received colposcopy and colposcopy-guided biopsy at a tertiary care hospital from July, 2023 to June, 2024. Colposcopic images were captured by routine procedure after acetic acid and Lugol's iodine staining. Reid Colposcopic Index and Swede Score were calculated for each case. Biopsy samples were obtained from the area of abnormality and were histopathologically graded as negative/inflammatory, LSIL (CIN 1), or HSIL (CIN 2-3). Data were analyzed in SPSS, including correlation coefficients, and logistic regression analysis was carried out. Results: Out of 90 patients, 38 (42.2%) had HSIL and 34 (37.8%) had LSIL, and 18 (20.0%) had negative/inflammatory findings on histopathology. Colposcopy was 81.6% sensitive and 76.9% specific for HSIL detection (AUC=0.85). There were high correlations between the Reid Index and histopathology (r=0.68) and the Swede Score and histopathology (r=0.72). Swede Score ≥8 (AOR=17.3, 95% CI 3.1-95.8), lesion involving ≥2 quadrants (AOR=7.39, 95% CI 2.07-26.3), and atypical vessels (AOR=8.25, 95% CI 1.33-51.2) were independent predictors of HSIL. Conclusion: Colposcopy has exceptional diagnostic accuracy in the detection of high-grade cervical precancerous lesions, and standardized scoring systems significantly improve predictive performance. These findings support colposcopy-directed biopsy as a safe technique for diagnosis in screening programs for cervical cancer.

Abnormal menstrual flow is a common concern among young women, especially in academically demanding environments. Despite growing awareness of the impact of nutrition and body composition on reproductive health, there remains a scarcity of localized data, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, exploring how anthropometric indices correlate with menstrual disturbances. To investigate the relationship between anthropometric variables Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage and abnormal menstrual flow among female students in the College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 408 female medical undergraduates selected using multistage random sampling. Data were collected via a validated self-administered questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, logistic regression, and ROC analyses were performed using SPSS v25, with significance set at p < 0.05. The prevalence of AMF was 68.9%, with menorrhagia (31.4%) being most common. Over 30% of respondents had elevated body fat, and 25% were overweight. Positive correlations were observed between BMI, waist circumference, WHR, body fat %, and specific AMF types (particularly menorrhagia and polymenorrhea). Logistic regression revealed waist circumference >88 cm and body fat ≥30% as strong independent predictors. ROC analysis indicated body fat % had the highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.81), followed by waist circumference (AUC = 0.77). Anthropometric measures especially body fat percentage and central adiposity are significantly associated with abnormal menstrual flow. These findings highlight the need for routine body composition screening and menstrual health education in university health services.

Introduction: The synchronous association of a Complete Hydatidiform Mole (CHM) and an Exaggerated Placental Site (EPS) is a rare clinical entity. Although benign, EPS can histologically mimic malignant lesions such as Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor (PSTT), posing a major diagnostic challenge. We report a case illustrating the value of primary surgery in a 50-year-old multiparous patient (G4P4) who presented with persistent metrorrhagia. Presentation of case: Clinical examination revealed an enlarged uterus (corresponding to 12 weeks of gestation), and ultrasonography demonstrated a typical "snowstorm" pattern associated with serum beta-hCG levels > 400,000 mIU/mL. Given the advanced maternal age and hemorrhagic risk, a total abdominal hysterectomy with ovarian conservation was performed as the primary intervention. Clinical discussion: Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen confirmed a CHM associated with a florid proliferation of intermediate trophoblasts infiltrating the superficial myometrium (EPS). The global architectural analysis provided by the hysterectomy specimen allowed for the exclusion of deep invasion and neoplasia (PSTT) without the systematic need for complex immunohistochemistry. The postoperative course was favorable, with beta-hCG negativization within 8 weeks and no need for adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: In perimenopausal patients, primary hysterectomy constitutes a safe and effective therapeutic option for high-risk hydatidiform moles. It enables a precise histological diagnosis of EPS by offering a complete architectural view, thereby avoiding diagnostic errors and unnecessary adjuvant treatments.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic complication of pregnancy and is associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity. The rising prevalence of gestational diabetes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, poses increasing challenges for obstetric and neonatal care. Maternal hyperglycemia alters intrauterine metabolic conditions, potentially leading to adverse delivery outcomes and early neonatal complications. Objective: To evaluate the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on mode of delivery, maternal complications and early neonatal outcomes in a tertiary care hospital setting. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rangpur Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh, from January to December 2025. A total of 150 pregnant women were enrolled, including 75 with gestational diabetes mellitus and 75 without gestational diabetes. Maternal socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric outcomes and early neonatal outcomes were recorded. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results: Women with gestational diabetes had higher rates of caesarean section (52.0% vs. 32.0%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (18.7% vs. 8.0%), preterm delivery (21.3% vs. 9.3%) and polyhydramnios (10.7% vs. 2.7%). Neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes showed increased macrosomia (22.7% vs. 8.0%), neonatal hypoglycemia (18.7% vs. 4.0%) and neonatal intensive care unit admission (24.0% vs. 9.3%). Conclusion: Gestational diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of adverse maternal and early neonatal outcomes. Early detection and comprehensive management strategies are essential to reduce associated morbidity.