Abstract: Jimusaer sag Lucaogou Formation tight oil reservoir lithology is changeable, diverse mineral elements and clastic rock and carbonate rock of the transitional rocks. Dense oil in the region to the source of various storage and source reservoir interbedded characteristics, forming a good source reservoir relationship was set up. In this paper, the study area reservoir pore types in intergranular pore, mainly. Secondly, dissolution pores and micro cracks. According to pressure mercury data can be reservoir pore structure is divided into micro fine throat and throat, but overall has pore throat radius is too small, poor connectivity, strong microcosmic heterogeneity characteristics.

Abstract: Development is an important term in most all perspective. There so many stakeholders, agencies, institutions are responsible, form community development. Information is treated as most powerful term for development. As information is required in all most all the places and institutions, thus proper and information richness helps a community or a society for true development many ways. Information Science is responsible for several information related jobs, which including information collection, selection, organization, processing and management. Information and its proper availability many ways possible healthy information science practice and that is indirectly responsible for community Development. This paper reports knowledge of Information Science and how it is essential for better information system building. Paper also mention that community and several development how related with information science. Several facets reported in this paper mainly undertaken in SOCSAT and Raiganj University and also will be incorporated in the doctoral thesis of the main researcher.

Abstract: This study examines the effect of exchange rate on balance of payment in Nigeria for the period of 1989-2013. The data used for this study was obtained from the publications of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and also from National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). Ordinary Least Square method was implored for data analysis with time series statistical package of econometrics. Exchange rates, import, export and interest rate where the independent variables used while balance of payments stands as the dependent variable. The researcher also used those macro-economic variables to ascertain their contribution to both positive (favorable) and negative (unfavorable) balance of payments which foreign exchange movement always determines. The result shows that an increase in exchange rate will result in a decrease in BOP (unfavorable), while export and interest rate has positive effect on balance of payment unlike import that contributes negative effect on balance of payment (unfavorable) as it increases.

Abstract: Reservoir geological model is the core of the geological model of the reservoir, is the specific characterization of reservoir characteristics and heterogeneities in the three-dimensional spatial distribution and change. Reservoir modeling is actually establish reservoir properties of reservoir parameters characterizing the three-dimensional spatial distribution and change models. Reservoir parameters include porosity, permeability and oil saturation, reservoir thickness. The purpose of the establishment of reservoir parameter model is through quantitative research on porosity, permeability and thickness of the reservoir, precisely defined spatial location and distribution of favorable reservoir, which directly provide direct the development and adjustment of oilfield development plan geological basis.

Abstract: Gallstones disease is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal diseases with a substantial burden to healthcare systems that is supposed to increase in ageing populations at risk. Gallstones disease is one of the major surgical problems in the Sudanese population. The aim of this study was to measure serum lipids profile in Gall stone diseases, and also to evaluate the risk and demographic factors.This study was case control hospital bases study, and conducted in Khartoum teaching hospital and Ibin Sina hospital, Khartoum state. During Oct 2008 to Oct 2009. 65 Sudanese patients with gall stones which are confirmed by abdominal ultrasound scanner and underwent cholecystectomy and 50 healthy persons as a control group (matched age sex)have been studied. Serum of fasting total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were measured using spectrophotometric methods. Results revealed that the high incidence of gallstones was more frequently among females(83.9%) relatives to males(16.1%)giving female to male ratio 4.9:1.The most affected age groups were 51-60 years (32.31%) and 41-50 years (30.77%).The majority of patients 34 (52.31%) were obese and their body mass index(BMI) 25-30.Comparison of serum lipid profile between patients and controls groups showed that the levels of serum total cholesterol and LDL-C in patients were slightly higher than that of the control group but there was no significant variation in total Cholesterol and LDL-C (p>0.05) . Furthermore, It is found that there is Highly significant difference between patients and controls groups in serum triacylglycerol and HDL-C(p<0.05) . Serum total cholesterol level of patients with CS was high compared to that of other types of patients, while the level of serum HDL-C was low of patients CS. Pigment stone (PS) was found to be the commonest comprising, followed by mixed stone and cholesterol stone. Biochemical analysis of serum lipid profile between patients and controls groups revealed significantly increase of serum triacylglycerol and HDL-C levels. Serum total cholesterol level of patients type one was high compared to that of two types of patients, while the level of serum HDL-C was low of patients type one.

Laboratory investigations were conducted to assess the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of foundry sand waste treated with up to 8% bagasse ash (a pozzolana) by dry weight of soil. Specimens were prepared at molding water contents -2, 0 and +2 of the optimum moisture content using the four energy levels of reduced British Standard light, British Standard light, West African Standard, and British Standard heavy. The predicted unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of specimens were determined using the Brooks-Corey (BC) and Van Genuchten‟s (VG) models from results of the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC). The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity decreases with increasing matric suction for both models. While the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity decreases with increasing moulding water content regardless of the compactive effort and bagasse ash content. The VG model gave a clearer trend as regarding the influence of increasing bagasse ash content of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of treated and untreated specimen. Finally, 2% and 4% bagasse ash treatment of specimens were the main treatment level of interest gave satisfactory for use in covers for waste containment facility as the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity values generally recorded satisfactory low values.

Abstract: We present the case of 30 year old male patient of Apert Syndrome with cryptorchidism and recurrent life threatening hemoptysis. Subsequent investigations revealed bronchiectasis. We would like to highlight the fact that complications secondary to congenital anomalies, if not addressed early, lead to medical, financial and social burdens that are otherwise avoidable.

Nation-building is investigated in this study, via a linguistic instrument: the Pragma-crafting Theory. I contend that the Theory explainshow languagedirects education, peace, security, politics and other societal phenomena to evolve meaningful and sustainable development in Nigeria. Thus, the linguist is portrayed as a reformer of society. Recently published inAmerican Research Journal of English and Literature, the Pragma-crafting Theory is evidently one of the latest, emergent, linguistic theories for the analysis of discourse. It depicts language use, comprehension and function as conscious, systematic and people-driven phenomena. Insights from research in pragmatics, sociolinguistics, discourse analysis and semiotics inform the Theory. EVENT and TEXT are basic notions which anchor a wide range of concepts in the Pragma-crafting Theory. EVENT consists of interactive and non-interactive participants while TEXT consists of setting, theme and p-crafting features. Therefore, the Theory is particularly an extension of Mey. The findings of this paper are thought-provoking: communication acts (speech acts)and communication features such as indexicals (INDXL), shared macro-knowledge (SMK), shared contextual knowledge (SCK), shared knowledge of emergent context (SKEC), contextual presupposition (CP), geoimplicature (GI),behaviouralimplicature (BI), pragmadeviant (PD), object referred (OR), operative language (OL) and other discourse components are used by encoders (ENCs) of verbal elements (VEs) and non-verbal elements (NVEs) as critical instruments in effective policy-making, national mobilization, national cohesion and national progress.

Abstract: Statins are the treatment of choice for controlling hypercholesterolemia in patients with cardiovascular risk. Although all statins are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, they possess different chemical structure, pharmacokinetic profile and lipid modifying efficacy. From the published literature, it is known that Rosuvastatin calcium is more effective in lowering bad cholesterol and raising good cholesterol compared to rest of statins. Extensive analytical methods for the determination of Rosuvastatin are more complex, expensive and time-consuming. So the present study is focused on development and validation of a reliable, simple and economic method for the estimation of Rosuvastatin Calcium in bulk and formulation. Analytical method development being a vital part of pre-formulation and formulation, research and development obviates the need to develop reliable and economical methods for the estimation of drugs in bulk and formulation. UV Spectroscopy is one of the earliest and widely used methods in drug analysis despite the availability of chromatographic and hyphenated techniques. A simple, precise, sensitive, accurate and economical method has been developed for the estimation of Rosuvastatin Calcium in bulk and formulation. The drug exhibits an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 240nm with 0.1N sodium hydroxide as solvent. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 1-6µg/ml and percentage purity is found to be 98.90%. LOD and LOQ values are found to be 0.603 and 0.830µg/ml. The developed method is validated statistically as per ICH guidelines and the results obtained are within acceptance criteria related to linearity, accuracy and precision.

Regular environmental monitoring (EM) system is indispensable routine activity in assessing the microbiological quality of the manufacturing environment surfaces for the production of medicinal products. However, the release of the full potential of such regular activity will not be achieved nor the elucidation for points of defects and improvements cannot be appropriately investigated unless systematic analysis of the results can be ensured and performed periodically. In the current study, statistical process control (SPC) and six sigma tools were used in the study of the quality of microbiological surface cleanliness in clean rooms in pharmaceutical manufacturing plant during ten months period on weekly basis using contact plates. Initial evaluation of data distribution showed that ten out of 11 partitions of the manufacturing area followed distributions other than the Gaussian ones which required logarithmic transformation to approach normalization for further statistical analysis. When control charts were constructed for transformed data, material followed by personnel airlocks showed the greatest risk of microbial excursions then the corridor with the overall risk of failure 99.5% suggesting that there was a state of significant imbalance between cleaning program and its frequency with the work type and load in these sections. The present work provided insight for the area of defects that could not be observed using conventional data trending and provided focus on defined sections that could impact the overall microbiological quality. This analysis provided a promising mean for designing quantitative risk assessment for microbiological quality control in pharmaceutical, human consumables manufacturing and other healthcare industries.

Abstract: Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome is a rare neurological disorder, usually found in children and associated with neuroblastoma. In adults it is rare and associated with malignancies, toxic medications, metabolic disorders, brain anoxia or autoimmune causes. Here we present a case of post infectious opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome who recovered completely after immunotherapy.

A stroke is the rapid loss of brain functions due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain. In the last few years a great deal of research has been carried out to find the effectiveness of herbal drug for the treatment of stroke. Both thrombolytic and neuro-protective properties of herbal drugs may be a novel strategy for effective stroke therapeutics. The animals were divided into five groups of six each. Except the normal and control groups, all other test groups received different doses of aqueous extract of Hugonia mystax orally for 45 days as per the treatment schedule.Animals were observed for behavioral parameters after 24 hours of surgery in three different areas, neuromuscular function, vestibule motor function, and complex neuromotor function which consists of various subtests such as forelimb flexion, twisting, resistance to lateral push, circling, hind limb placement, forelimb placement, pinna reflexes and corneal reflexes.The remaining animals in each group were also sacrificed after 72 hours post-surgery by cervical decapitation. The brains were excised and used for the estimation of Lipid peroxidation, Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase.Hugonia mystax, a rich source of antioxidant consists of dietary fibers, flavonoids, proteins, vitamins like vitamin B1 and minerals like iron, copper, magnesium and potassium. It is also an excellent source of molybdenum and folate. The present study results support that Hugonia mystax has dose dependent stroke preventive activity in common carotid artery occlusion along with ferric chloride induced thrombosis model.

Abstract: Preconception care is any intervention provided to women and couples of childbearing age, regardless of pregnancy status or desire, before pregnancy, to improve health outcomes for women, newborns and children. Preconception care mainly focuses on health promotion, screening and interventions for women of reproductive age to reduce risk factors that might affect future pregnancies. A descriptive research design was used for this study. Non- probability purposive sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Two hundred twenty-seven reproductive age women were interviewed face to face using structured questionnaires. Most of the respondents 99 (43.61%) were in between the age group of 21-25 years. Majority of respondents 218(96.03%) belonged to Hindu religion. Most of the respondents 152(66.96%) belonged to nuclear family. Only 65(28.63%) had information regarding preconception care. Majority of respondents 192(84.58%) had average level of knowledge. Highest knowledge score was in the area of reproductive health risk factors, and lowest in the area of health promotion. The overall mean percentage was 57.39. There was significant association of Reproductive age women had average level of knowledge on preconception care. Highest knowledge was in the area of reproductive health risk factors where lowest was in the area of health promotion. Awareness program is required to improve the different aspects of knowledge regarding preconception care.

Chemoinformatics or Cheminformatics is an important interdisciplinary field that integrate the domain of chemistry and information science with computer science. In other words, it is the application and integration of Informatics with chemical Science. This concept originated some years back but gained popularity as a knowledge domain in the domain of chemical sciences very recently. It plays a vital role in storing large data sets related to chemical science and converting or transforming it into knowledge to make better and faster decision. Here, the methods or algorithm incorporated into it,assist the professionals to identify the better and appropriate chemical compound to also meet the need of medical and allied domain as they are the ultimate end users of the end product of chemical science. Inspite of having several benefits, there are so many misconceptions are still there with Chemoinformatics. This paper explains the general role of Chemoinformatics, its application, brief evaluation and future potentials.

Abstract: Polycythemia Vera a myeloproliferative disorder sometimes associated with vascular complications like stroke. The clinical course may be complicated by deep vein thrombosis at multiple sites if the underlying hematological disorder is not corrected. We present 3 cases of cerebrovascular disease complicated by polycythemia and the problems that came up during their management. All three cases could be managed successfully and are on follow up as outpatients.