The regional human capital trend is scrutinized in this article relying on indicators of the cultural and intellectual potential based on the statistical data of Primorsky krai region. Additionally, the effect of migration processes on the labor potential is deliberated, just as the budgetary and fiscal stimulation of human capital inflow is considered at an angle of the regional labor potential increase.

Staphylococcus aureus stays a standout amongst the most much of the time segregated pathogens in both group and hospital practices. The organism form has been observed to be the most widely recognized bacterial agent recuperated from blood circulation system diseases, skin and soft tissue contaminations, pneumonia and healing facility procured post-agent wound diseases. Changes in the example of antimicrobial helplessness of S. aureus and different living beings have been accounted for around the world, particularly in developing countries, making antimicrobial agents progressively less viable in treating bacterial infections. Most strains of the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus are avirulent, anti-infection soft commensals; in any case, in the course of recent decades there have developed various pandemic, harmful, anti-microbial safe strains including methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRSA) strains. This paper presents the review analysis of various studies based on antimicrobial patterns detection of Staphylococcus aureus.

The purpose of the study was to determine anemia prevalence on less than ten years old children patients’ attending Rongo sub-county hospital, Kenya. The country has experienced rapid economic growth over the last few decades, significant health and nutritional problems remain. Unfortunately, because little work has been done to track basic diseases, such as iron-deficiency anemia, the exact problem of these health problems still remain unknown. The study comprise 250 parents, 7 medical laboratory technologists/technicians, 1 medical superintendent 1 hospital administrator.The study adopted hospital based cross sectional survey design.Since the hospital is one, there is one medical superintended and an administrator; purposive sampling was used to select them as they were few. Due to the fact that there are 250 parents of anemic children attending the hospital 30 percent of them was considered hence 75 parents/guardians. The study used questionnaire. The actual data collection, a pilot study was conducted in the same county among the parents of less than ten years old attending Minyenya health centre which was not included in the final study population. From this health centre where 10 parents were be randomly selected for the pilot study, 3 medical laboratory technologists, and their respective hospital administrator and medical superintendent. A minimum correlation coefficient of 0 .65 is recommended and considered reliable.

This paper presents the difference between hospital nurses’ and clinical instructors’ experienced job stress as well as their attitude towards performing their work. Results revealed that clinical instructors experience moderate stress in terms of their physical environment, workload and responsibilities, and social relationship. Despite their perception with respect to their stress level, they can still cope with their stressors as evidenced by their good work attitude. Hospital nurses, on the other hand, experience high stress level in terms of physical environment and moderate stress level in terms of their workload and responsibilities and social relationship. Clinical instructors still utilize their coping strategies in dealing with stressors as supported by their fair and good work attitude in terms of their organizational commitment and job satisfaction.

Statistics on enrolment indicates that, Kenya is experiencing class repetition in primary school education despite the gains earlier made associated with universal access to primary school education. The practice increases the possibility of the pupil to drop out of school. The purpose of this study was to investigate head teachers’ transformational leadership intervention strategies on class repetition in primary school education in Kenya. The study was guided by Self-Efficacy theory developed by Bandura Albert and pragmatism philosophy and conducted in Uasin Gishu County in Kenya. The study found out that, pupil academic performance, curriculum instruction, school culture and dynamic leadership are important intervention strategies related to head teachers’ transformational leadership that have an influence on class repetition. The study recommends a further study on a situational analysis of transformational leadership training as a new management strategy in primary schools in the 21st century in the country.

Etiological factors leading to hyperbilirubinemia vary among different geographic regions. The present study was planned to study the pattern, causes, risk factors, treatment and outcome of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in a tertiary care setup from northern India. A retrospective cohort of jaundiced neonates seeking care for their illness at this tertiary care centre during formed the study population. All treated cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were analyzed and data on gender, gestation age, mode of delivery, blood group incompatibility, sepsis, parity and birth weight were obtained. The commonest cause of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was physiological jaundice (41.04%). Mean bilirubin values for pathological cases (18.11± 5.54 mg/dl) were higher than physiological jaundice (12.06 ± 3.59 mg/dl). Top three causes of pathological hyperbilirubinemia were ABO incompatibility (32.55%), Rh incompatibility (11.79%) and breast feeding (6.13%). Mean age of presentation with jaundice was three days. Majority (48.58%) of the cases had their total bilirubin levels equal to or below 15mg/dl. Almost all the neonates showed improvement with phototherapy and exchange transfusion. Hyperbilirubinemia is a commonly encountered problem in our NICUs. ABO and Rh incompatibility are mainly responsible for pathological jaundice. Phototherapy is found to be a safe and cost-effective way to manage neonatal jaundice.

Thromboprophylaxis methods mainly include pharmacological and mechanical options, such as intermittent pneumatic compression devices (IPCDs). In a specific population (post-operative and post-traumatic patients) the risk of VTE is combined with increased risk of bleeding complication which is the side effect of the pharmacological prophylaxis. The aim of this integrative review is to assess the effectiveness and safety of IPCDs as an alternative choice to pharmacological prophylaxis in post-surgery and post-trauma patients. The electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE EMBASE, and Cochrane libraries were systematically searched for primary studies. We included studies that had evaluated the effectiveness and safety of the sole use of IPCD against the sole use of pharmacological prophylaxis in post-surgical and post-trauma patients. A total of 13 eligible articles were identified. Post-trauma patients were enrolled only in two studies and the remaining 11 studies were conducted on post-surgery patients. The findings suggest that IPCDs, compared with pharmacological prophylaxis, are equally effective in reducing DVT, PE and mortality rate and offered a reduced risk of bleeding. There were no consistent relations between the types of IPCDs and the clinical outcomes. This review demonstrates that there is lack of strong evidence informing the comparative effectiveness of IPCDs against pharmacological prophylaxis. Additionally, there is very limited evidence that can inform which type of IPCD is more appropriate as a thromboprophylaxis tool. Thus, until further robust research is conducted, it is difficult to conclude that IPCDs can replace pharmacological prophylaxis for post-surgery and post-trauma patients

Abstract: Co-curricular activities, including literary competitions, recreational activities, cultural activities and sports clubs, provide an opportunity to learn and socialize outside the classroom. In Kenya, many resources are allocated to support these activities in schools. However, there is little research on the importance of these activities in enhancing secondary students’ academic performance in KCSE across the country. The purpose of this study therefore, was to assess the influence of student’s participation in music and their academic performance in public secondary schools in Kenya. The study adopted the descriptive survey design with the target population comprising of 285 public secondary schools. The sample size was selected using the simple random sampling and purposive sampling technique and these were 86 public secondary schools from which 344 students’ representatives, 86 teachers in charge of co-curricular activities and 86 head teachers were reached as respondents of the study. Data from the head teachers and teachers was collected using questionnaires, while that from the students’ representatives was collected by use of interview schedules. Data collected was then analysed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences computer software for descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages and means) and inferential statistics such as Pearson moment correlation (r); z score analysis. The results were presented using tables and charts, and interpreted accordingly. The study found that participation in music is moderately correlated with students’ academic performance. The findings of this study may be useful in informing the school administration on the benefits arising from students’ participation in music and its relationship with academic achievement.

The infantile visceral leishmaniose (IVL) is a systemic infection of the reticuloendothelial system due to a flagellate protozoan of the genus Leishmania. It is characterized by its geographical distribution most frequently around Mediterranean area, India, east Africa and South America. In recent years, we are witnessing a significant recrudescence preferentially in the very young child in Morocco . Its occurrence in the infant (<24 month old) remains rare, clinical signs are distinguished by more accentuated than in the child. The authors' work consists on a retrospective study of 17 cases of visceral leishmaniasis in infants admitted to the pediatric department at the University Hospital of Fez over a period from January 2013 till June 2016. The average age was 15.64 months, girls are more affected, The majority come from the regions of Fez, mainly Taounate. The main reasons are abdominal distension (70%), fever (100%) and pallor in 90% of cases. The clinical examination finds an anemia, a fever and a splenomegaly in all cases. The diagnosis is confirmed by the myelogram performed at the Hematology Laboratory at the University Hospital of Fez. Treatment is based on glucantim at the dose of 80 to 100 mg / kg / day for 21 to 30 days. The evolution was favorable in the majority of cases. We deplored a case of death that occurred in association with macrophage activation syndrome. IVL is the most frequent zoonotic disease in Morocco. Fez and its surroundings form a highly endemic focus. Its eradication must first of all be achieved through the improvement of socio-economic conditions and the fight against malnutrition which constitutes a risk factor

Abstract: Media remains an important institution that continues to transform lives of people in Kenya as in any part of the world. News is a basic need and continues to shape the perceptions of people on issues affecting them socially, politically and economically. Studies suggest (as will be demonstrated in this paper) a steady increase of media and news consumption as well as coverage throughout the country since 2002. However, we cannot run away with the fact that the ideology of the government of the day is seen to determine media policy framework in Kenya. The paper compares media issues (ownership, usage and control) in the regimes of Mwai Kibaki (2002-2012) and that of Uhuru Kenyatta (2013-2017). The paper seeks to answer three questions: what are the trends of media ownership between the two regimes? What are the media ownership patterns within the established legal framework that defines ownership patterns of media outlets? The paper tackles the issue of media ownership together with technological adoption policy of each of the two regimes. The second question is whether the two regimes used media (including mainstream media and social media) in their political communication process the same way. Here, the implementation of the constitution to accord the media freedom as provided is explored and the enacted legislation is analysed. The third is what is the nature and level of media control and manipulation by the both regimes? Through analysis of already existing literature and reviewing of unfolding events, the paper explores the social, economic and political influence of both presidents to establish these differing relations with the media.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) associated with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in children is a rare clinicopathological entity, difficult to diagnose, fatal in the absence of treatment. It should be evoked in children with prolonged fever and splenomegaly. We report two cases of HLH caused by visceral leishmaniasis . In the first case, it was a 14-month old infant hospitalized for fever with pancytopenia. The diagnosis of HLH was made in front of a clinical and biological features, a corticotherapy was initiated. The search for an underlying infectious disease had shown the presence of leishmania bodies on the myelogram. The second case was a 15-month old infant hospitalized for fever associated with abdominal distension. The diagnosis of VL was made on the medullogram, during the hospitalization a macrophagic activation report was positive and treatment with meglumine antimoniate was introduced, the two infants had evolved well under treatment

Breast cancer is the commonest cause of cancer related death among women globally. The incidence is lowest but increasing in Africa and accompanied by increased mortality. Different expression patterns of oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth receptor (HER) 2 have been identified. The aim is to determine the molecular subtypes of breast cancer and evaluate their association with tumour characteristics such as age at presentation, stage of disease and grade of tumour. A 2 year prospective study of all patients that presented at University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Data was collected and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. Eighty six patients were seen during the study period and they were all females. Their ages ranged from 26 to 83 and the mean was 46.1 ± 14.3 years. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma was the commonest histological type, and seen in 78 (90.7%) patients. Triple negative was the commonest receptor subtype and observed in 40 (46.5%) patients. Breast cancer receptor subtype was significantly associated with stage and grade of tumour but not with age at presentation. Breast cancer in Nigerian women occurs relatively in younger women and most are triple negative and aggressive. Given the young age of onset and aggressiveness of this disease, it will be imperative to identify women at risk and increase the awareness, target screening and develop prevention strategies

The aim is to make head and neck surgeons aware of a rare variation in the course of Spinal accessory nerve in relation to Internal carotid artery at higher level of neck dissection, thus minimizing anatomical surprises during neck dissection. Maxillofacial Surgeons often have to perform neck dissection to manage metastatic nodal diseases as in head and neck cancer and it is very important identifying and preserving the good and essentials while removing the pathological ones to the highest precision. Anatomy is the road map to perform a successful surgery. Knowing the variations of neck structures is important as the ignorance of the anatomical variations may lead to iatrogenic injury to vital structures during surgery thus leading to treatment failure. In this article we present a rare variation of SAN crossing ventral to the Internal Carotid Artery, found during a Supraomohyoid Neck Dissection (SOHND) of left side as a part of surgery along with Hemiglossectomy for a Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of left tongue. Knowledge of the rare variation of Spinal accessory nerve in neck in rerlation to its adjacent structures is important, as the major nerves and vessels play important roles as landmarks during head neck surgery. Iatrogenic injury to vital structures like Spinal Accessory Nerve (SAN) during neck dissection at Level IIb may lead to morbidity as shoulder syndrome though oncological clearance of this level of lymph nodes is of utmost importance. The SAN is considered as the landmark of the anteroinferior border of Level IIb and may cross the Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) dorsally, ventrally or through the vein. So it is important to know the variations of Spinal accessory nerve in relation to major blood vessels of neck to avoid any anatomical surprises during surgery.

Abstract: The study was carried out within the older Kiambu District in three banks; Equity Kenya Commercial Bank and Cooperative Bank. The research primary focus was to attest the effect of agency banking satisfaction in relation to customers’ growth in the banking sector. This is because Commercial banks have pioneered in ascertaining colossal agents despite the short period after the instigation of the program by Central bank. Descriptive research design was adhesively used to hold together critical research variables. It afforded researcher with a pathway that aided in spawning a well-defined structure. The researcher beheld research design as the engine that drove his entire research to its packed completion [1]. The descriptive design selected provided genuine means in achieving the itemized research objectives through empirical evidence that was acquired economically. Both non-probability and probability sampling techniques were used. Purposive sampling was used in selecting the three banks of study out of the eight banks practicing the agency banking, the scope area of study and the sample size drawn to represent the customers and the bank employees. Stratified randomly technique was used to survey two customers from each of the 28 agents sampled. The findings of the study shows that 54 out of 56 customers responded giving a 96.33% Response rate. Descriptive research design was used to analyze information statistically. From the findings, an average of 600,000 customers transact on agency banks daily. This stimulates an opening of decongesting the banking halls. The study also found that 80.3% of these customers are satisfied by services rendered by branchless banking.

Studies on gender disparities of traditional cardiovascular risks such as anthropometric factors are limited in black Africans. We aimed to examine the relationship between anthropometric parameters and blood pressure (BP) and possible gender differences in hypertensive adult Nigerians. A cross sectional study was carried out involving 261 adult hypertensive patients recruited consecutively at the medical out-patient clinic of Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital. They comprised 118 males and 143 females aged 26years to 94years. Their BP and anthropometric measurements were assessed using standard protocols. More than 70% of subjects were either overweight or obese. Females had significantly higher WC, WHtR and BMI than males. For females, BP had a significant positive correlation with anthropometric measures and a regression analysis showed BMI in females was the most important anthropometric index in predicting systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). For males, none of the anthropometric measures correlated with SBP or DBP. Female hypertensives were significantly more obese than males. Indices of adiposity in females had a direct relationship with BP but not so in males. Further studies are needed to assess gender disparities in cardiovascular risk factors.