Ecotoxicity strength of different granular domestic detergents on Enterobacter aerogenes and Pseudomonas fluorescens was evaluated to assess the response of the test organisms to different brands of domestic detergents. Standard toxicity procedures were applied using four brands of granular domestic detergents: Klin, Omo, Bonux and Ariel prepared at concentrations of 10ppm, 100ppm, 1000ppm, 10000ppm and 100000ppm; the test was carried out for 0h, 4h, 8h, 12h, and 24h for each detergent.The degree of resistance of the test organisms to the toxicants revealed Enterobacter aerogenes (4857±1685ppm) was more resistant to the domestic detergents than Pseudomonas fluorescens (117±28ppm). Mean Median lethal concentration (LC50) showed that Klin was most toxic and Bonux was least toxic with toxic flow pattern (noting that the lower the LC50 the more toxic the toxicant) as:Klin (1354ppm) > Omo (2389ppm) > Ariel (2887.47ppm) > Bonux (3316.84ppm).Results of response of individual test organism to the different brands of detergents showed that Pseudomonas fluorescens was most sensitive to Bonux and least sensitive to Ariel - Bonux (94.86ppm) > Klin (104.66ppm) > Omo (109.68ppm) > Ariel (157.40ppm))while Enterobacter aerogenes was most sensitive to Klin and least sensitive to Bonux - Klin (2603.34ppm)> Omo (4668.68ppm) > Ariel (5617.54ppm) > Bonux (6538.82ppm). This showed that test bacteria responded differently to the toxic effect of the domestic detergents in the same aquatic environment. In mixed consortium, domestic detergent Klin had the highest toxic strength (mean LC50 1354ppm); Pseudomonas fluorescens was more sensitive to all the test domestic detergents than Enterobacter aerogenes.

This paper investigated the influence of stock market activities in on the provision of infrastructure in Nigeria. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, data bordering on the activities of the stock market viz all share index, market capitalization and value of transactions and infrastructure development viz; gross fixed capital formation were collected from the CBN statistical bulletin and analysed using multiple regression analyses. The findings of the research showed that; there is a negative but significant relationship between all share index and gross fixed capital formation. There is positive and significant relationship between market capitalization and gross fixed capital formation. Finally, there is a negative non-significant relationship between value of transaction and gross fixed capital formation. Based on the findings, we conclude that the contribution of the Nigeria Stock market in infrastructure development is below expectation. It is therefore recommended that more development oriented securities be introduced into the Nigeria Stock market to help boost investment in infrastructure. More funds from institutional investors should be channeled into investment in long-term government securities to provide funding for infrastructure investments. Finally, we recommend that the activities in the Nigeria Stock market be deepened in order to foster stability in trading activities.

Kidney diseases rank 3rd amongst life threatening disease, after cancer and heart disease. Anemia is an constant complication of chronic kidney disease that significantly contributes to the symtoms and complications of the disease. Aim of the study is to study the hematological manifestations ofchronic kidney disease (CKD) and to correlate the hematological abnormality with the clinical stage.182 patients with chronic kidney disease admitted in Osmania general Hospital were included in the study for a period of 2 years. Patients in various stages of the disease were studied for various hematological parameters. CKD was seen across all age groups. Increased prevalence of CKD was seen in the age group of 41 - 50 years. Majority of patients at presentation were in stage V CKD. Hypertension (47.2%) was the leading cause of CKD, followed by diabetes. Ischemic heart disease was the most common associated illness seen in CKD. The mean hemoglobin in the present study was 7.99 +/- 1.2 g/dl. The fall in mean hemoglobin had an inverse correlation with the stage of CKD. The mean RBC count was 2.73 x1012/l, with significant fall in the RBC count as the stage of CKD progressed. The mean absolute reticulocyte count also showed significant decline as the stage progressed.Chronic kidney disease is seen across all age groups with a malepreponderance. Hypertension is the most common cause of CKD. The anemia of CKD is a normocytic normochromic anemia. The fall in hemoglobin is due to low RBC count due to decreased erythropoiesis.

Almost every Chinese tourist come to Taiwan would take pineapple as a souvenir when they are going home. In order to understand the reasons that drive them to rush for buying pineapple in Taiwan, the present study employed qualitative method and conducted interviews to fulfill the research. 22 respondents who had taken pineapple cake as souvenir were invited to take part in the interviews. The results indicated that pineapple cake owns several irreplaceable features that are attractive for the tourists.

Primary actinomycotic infection is a rare finding in breast with very few cases been reported in male breast and it is seen to be associated with trauma to skin or any predisposing conditions like diabetes mellitus. We are reporting an unusual rare case of actinomycosis of breast in a 70 year old male patient who came with the complaints of swelling in the right breast since seven years along with pain and bloody discharge from nipple since five to six months. Clinically breast malignancy was suspected and lumpectomy was done. Histopathological study showed features of actinomycosis.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brand image variables, relatioship marketing and product quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. This type of research is descriptive research. This study used a sample of 200 respondents. The analytical method used is path analysis with SPSS 20. The results of data analysis show that brand image and relationship marketing have a significant influence on customer satisfaction and loyalty, while for product quality has no influence both of customer satisfaction and loyalty. The results of the joint test of brand image, relationship marketing and product quality variables simultaneously have a significant effect on satisfaction and loyalty. Customer satisfaction has an influence with customer loyalty.

In Morocco, the number of people aged 60 and over has increased. This draws attention to conditions whose prevalence increases with age including chronic kidney failure and dementia. This population appears to have a higher risk of cognitive impairment. The aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of cognitive disorders in our dialyzed patients, to define the types of this decline and identify the factors associated with cognitive decline. Observational, cross-sectional study of 116 patients taking hemodialysis from El Ghassani hemodialysis center in Fez. We used the Montreal cognitive assessement test before the hemodialysis session, A Moca ≤ 24/30 indicate the presence of cognitive impairment. The Moca was abnormal in 70% of our patients. The average score was lower for women. The areas most affected were attention and short-term memory. We found a strong correlation between the decrease in the Moca score and the progression in age (p <0.001). Hypertension was correlated with a Moca score with an average score in the hypertensive population of 20 ± 5.4 (p <0.006). The relationship between cardiac disease and Moca was significant with an average score in patients with heart disease of 19 (p <0.01). Taking an erythropoiesisstimulating agents were linked to the Moca test (p <0.05). The number of sessions per week was significantly correlated with Moca (r: 0.25, p <0.005). Albumin and hemoglobinemia were correlated with the Moca score (r: 0.2, p <0.027) and (r: 0.2, p <0.02) respectively.

Abstract: The aim of this investigation is to characterize the Phyllanthus muellerianus plant dye used as a colour source in painting walls and craft works for ages in Oghe, Ezeagu Local Government Area of Enugu State. Spectroscopic (UV-Vis, FT-IR and 1H NMR) techniques were employed to characterize P. muellerianus dye. UV-Vis absorption spectrum shows peaks at 313 nm and 482 nm being attributes of anthocyanine. According to FT-IR and 1H NMR investigations the tested sample have cyaniding glycoside and peonidin glycoside.

Dengue is a viral infection that affects millions of lives each year. A rapid screening test that would detect the NS1 antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies to recombinant antigens of all the dengue viruses helps in early detection of a potentially fatal disease. SD Bioline Duo, with the lateral flow technique, was employed in 24 cases of suspected dengue fever over a one-month period in a tertiary care hospital, with 14 cases (58.33%) testing positive. It helped in timely management of the cases and prevention of further complications of the viral disease.

This paper is aimed at analyzing the female names among the Tugen community a Kalenjin sub-tribe in Baringo County, Kenya, East Africa. While proper names are given to people, geographical features, places and some settlements, I will restrict this paper discussion to the names applied to females only. I have divided this paper into the following main sections; a brief description of Tugen sub-tribe, Naming customs, the traditional naming ceremonies, female names and their meaning, elements of Tugen female names and conclusion. This study was based and guided by Semiotic theory. To help deal with the topic, the following questions were asked; Who are the Tugen-Sub tribe? What were the traditions which accompanied naming? What dictated their names? Which female name categories existed? What were the meanings of female names? What were the elements which formed female names? The answers to the questions were the basis of this paper.

The Aims and objectives of the study are toprovide a standard for good laboratory practice, to increase the clinical effectiveness, patient safety and operational efficiency and designing better and more evidence-based systems for the timely notification of laboratory results which represent potentially hazardous to the patient.This concept was introduced 46 years ago by Lundberg. It is a result, indicating that patient is in imminent danger unless therapy is initiated immediately. A prospective cross-sectional study was done at ASRAMS, a 1000 bedded hospital at Eluru, from July 2017 to June 2018 for a period of 12 months. The laboratory performed 2,22,574 tests in haematology and 2,92,055 tests in clinical pathology. The preparation and approval of critical alert value list was done in consultation with our hospital board and clinician’s panel. During a one year period of study, a total of 7148 critical values were reported. 45.32% of critical alert values belong to inpatient, 48.9% to outpatient and 5.8% to emergency department.We finally Conclude that it is crucial for patient safety, Effective use of the available resources, Creates professional responsibility and Regular quality assurance, meeting with technical staff and strict vigilance are key reasons for low figures in our setting.

Higher education in Africa is under-developed and has been a low priority for the past two decades. Access to higher education for the relevant age group remains at 5%, the lowest regional average in the world, just one-fifth of the global average of about 25%. Women are underrepresented in higher education, in particular in the science and technology fields. In regards to quality, not a single Western and Central African university features in the rankings of the world’s best 500 academic institutions. These challenges can be attributed to a multiplicity of factors. According to this paper funding the funding is at the centre of all these challenges.

Computer keyboards can contribute to the spread of microorganisms, mainly when shared by multiple users. Evaluate bacterial and fungal contamination in shared computers keyboards used in a University and propose preventing measures. This research has an investigative, descriptive and transversal design. Keyboards from 60 computers of collective use were randomly selected. Surface samples were collected with sterile swabs and moistened in 0.9% NaCl solution. The swabs were rubbed against the surface of the keyboards and then stored in Stuart's transport medium and sent to the Bacteriology Research Laboratory of the Souza Marques Medicine School. The material was seeded in the culture medias blood agar, hypertonic-mannitol-agar, Sabouraud-dextrose-agar and Micosel. Bacterial colonies were identified through morphotinorial characters, biological and biochemical tests. Yeasturiform fungi were identified by biochemical tests and the filamentous fungi through morphotinorial and cultural characters. From the 60 examined samples, 10 different bacteria species were isolated: Bacillusspp 18 (30%), Enterococcusspp 5 (8.33%), Streptococcus alfahaemolyticus 8 (13.33%), Escherichia coli 4 (67%), Klebsiellaspp 2 (3.33%), Enterobacterspp 6 (10%), Proteusspp 1 (1.67%), Neisseria spp 3 (4%), Staphylococcus aureus 5 (8.33%), Coagulase negative Staphylococcus 32 (53.3%). Isolated fungi: Candida albicans 3 (5%), Penicilliumspp 15 (25%), Aspergillusniger 8 (13,33%), Aspergillusfumigatus 2 (3,33%), Alternariaspp 4 (6,67%), Epidermophytonfloccosum 2 (3.33%), Fusariumspp 7 (11.67%), Rhodotorulaspp 10 (16.67%). The keyboards of the shared computers were contaminated with fungal and bacterial elements, and among them E.coli, evidence of faecal contamination. This contamination occurs due to the high turnover of users with different hygiene habits. Thus, a hygiene protocol is required to minimize contamination of computer’s keyboards.

Contrastive analysis (CA) is a sub-discipline of linguistics dealt with comparison of two or more languages; it permits to detect the similarities and differences between them. This study aimed at contrasting the order of attributive adjectives in English, an Indo-European language and Sereer Siin, a Negro African language spoken in Senegal in the area of Fatick. The study involved 25 male students who were Sereer speakers and learners of English as a second language at the English department of Cheikh Anta Diop University. A test of 112 items in both languages was given to them. It was composed of 56 in English and 56 in Sereer. These students were asked to order correctly in a sentence two attributive adjectives in each language. However, the results revealed that in both languages there were more differences than similarities. However, the identical features of both languages are the fact that : adjectives of size precede adjectives of shape and of age, adjectives of color are placed before adjectives of Origin/nationality and of purpose; and adjectives of material are positioned before adjectives of purpose. There is an exception with ŋas which is the only adjective of age that should be placed after adjectives of size. Thus, this paper will enable to promote and develop the Sereer language and culture around the world. It will definitely be an invaluable resource for English speakers who are interested in the functioning of the order of attributive adjectives in Sereer Siin.

Abstract: This study examined the prediction of self-efficacy and self-esteem on exercise identity of the post graduate students of university of Ibadan, Oyo state. The population comprised all post graduate students of university of Ibadan. Six faculties were sampled using fishbowl with replacement sapling techniques, and a total of 300 respondents were randomly selected to participate in the study. The socio-demographic characteristic of the respondents showed that 62(20.7%) were within the range of 20-24 years, 157(52.3%)were within 25-29 years, 54(18.0%) were within 30-34 years, 20(6.7%)were within 35-39, years and 7(0.3%) were within 40 and above .237(79%) were singles, 62(20.7%) were married and 1(0.3%) was divorced. 248(82%) were Christians, 48(16%) were Muslims and 4(1.3%) were traditional. 119(39.7%) stayed in school halls while 181(60.3%) stayed outside campus. A standardized questionnaire of self efficacy and a modified standardized questionnaire of self esteem were used to generate data. Descriptive statistic of frequency counts , percentages, mean, standard deviation were used to analyzed demographics data while inferential statistics of Pearson Product Moment Correlation and multiple regression were used to test the formulated hypotheses at a =0.05 alpha level. Three research hypotheses were raised to guide the study, the result indicated that the attitude and exercise behavior of the post graduate students of university of Ibadan determines their exercise identity, but poor self-efficacy and self esteem contributed to the low status of exercise identity of many post-graduate students of university of Ibadan. The findings revealed that self-efficacy has a positive prediction on exercise identity of the postgraduate students of university of Ibadan(r=0.511, p< 0.05), self-esteem has effective impact on achievement of exercise identity of the post-graduate students of university of Ibadan (r=0.318, p<0.05). It is therefore recommended that; workshop and