The present study was to extract the plant material of medicinal plant Melia azedarach, with different solvents (methanol, chloroform, ethyl-acetate and hexane) and isolate various novel compounds. The isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic techniques.

The purpose of the study was to find out whether school feeding programme affect retention of learners in primary school education. The study was done in 10 primary schools in Mogotio Division. The unit of analysis constituted of 70 respondents (Head teacher/ Heads of school feeding program, Teachers, parent representatives and pupils). Purposive random sampling was used in this case whereby all the 70 respondents were picked to fill the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics analysis was used whereby the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) programme is used. On retention, the study concludes that there were transfer cases in the center. Most parents take their children to private schools citing many reasons, which range from poor performance in public early childhood education centres, poor teaching methods, lack of skilled staff in public centres, and to a little extent due to poor feeding habits in the local primary schools. The findings of this study may be of use to the various primary schools for it would assist them understand better the issues related to school feeding programmes. This would see school managers in the various centres provide learners with balanced feeding programs and create awareness to parents on its importance to proper learning and holistic development of their children. The study would also go a long way to helping the government in making relevant policy to safeguard the wellbeing of primary school learners by providing well balanced feeding programs to these centres as well as budgetary allocation to the same.

Abstract: Multiple myeloma is hematological malignancy characterized by a clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow secreting a monoclonal immunoglobulin. Approximately 20% of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma present with renal failure and it is the second most common cause of death in these patients. This study was undertaken to review the spectrum of cases of myeloma from an exclusive renal centre. Renal disease was present in all patients before myeloma was diagnosed. All the 36 patients showed 'M'spike in serum electrophoresis and deranged renal function. Renal diseases consisted of mainly of acute renal failure (51%), chronic renal failure (36%) and nephrotic syndrome (13%). Thus, acute renal failure is the most common renal disease preceding the diagnosis of myeloma. Hence it is necessary to look for potential renal impairment in myeloma patients as reversal of renal function can be achieved with chemotherapy and hemodialysis treatment.

This study aims to analyze the performance of banks owned by DKI Jakarta Provincial Government - Bank DKI in terms of RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, Capital), and compare the financial performance of Bank DKI in the year of 2016 and 2017 . The method used in this research is RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, Capital), while the long-term goal is modeling the assessment of the financial strategy of the Regional Development Bank. The action plan: (1) Formulate the problem, (2) Compile frame, (3) Prepare hypothesis (4) Conducting experiments / data processing (4) Drawing conclusions, (6) Reporting and scientific publications in the journal ISSN

In the present investigation the chemical effect on colour fastness of Phyllanthus muellerianus dyed wool was studied. Samples were assessed in terms of the colour fading to spotting with dilute hydrochloric acid, with 56% acetic acid, steeping for two minutes at room temperature in 28% ammonium hydroxide without rinsing, exposed to concentrated ammonia fume for 24 hours and spotting with 10% sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide respectively. Contact with dilute hydrochloric acid brings about significant changes in the color and fastness properties of natural dyed wool yarn. The colours however, remain stable after exposure or contact with alkalis and 56% acetic acid. It can be concluded that Phyllanthus muellerianus dyed wool fabric have good colour fastness to perspiration and except with mineral acids.

Employee retention relates directly to how we reward them. Replacing employees in a company can be an arduous and an expensive exercise. Even in more secure industries such as the public sector, performance needs to be managed and staff motivated as in the private sector. Retention of experienced staff in both these industries is important to create competitive advantage and organisational success is restricted by the economic climate, retaining high performers with rewards has to be achieved while making all staff feel valued. As more and more organisations cross international boundaries to conduct business, rewards that are relevant in one country may not be as important in another. Organisations need to accurately measure and evaluate the performance of their employees and reward them accordingly. There should therefore be a direct link between a performance appraisal system and rewards emanating from that system. Many a time, performance management systems do not show any connection with the rewards that the employer gives to its employees thus rendering the performance approval system irrelevant.

In the past 15 years, awareness concerning natural changes was evidently expanding among population and industries. International agencies and national governments have expanded their endeavors concerning natural resources depletion, ozone depletion, gas emissions and waste reduction. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to examine the existing literature on the relationship between just-in-time (JIT), total productive maintenance (TPM), total quality management (TQM) and organisational performance. In total, 20 articles were empirically reviewed, all published in peer-reviewed journals between 2014 and 2018. The articles are analysed in terms of several general variables such as type of research and theoretical viewpoint, and the perspective taken on organisational criteria. The empirical reviewed indicated that JIT, TPM and TQM, maintained by human resource practices, have a significant prospective to develop the organisational performance. However, a simultaneous implementation of JIT, TPM and TQM does not certainly lead to greater performance. As prospective purpose for this, human resources are viewed as restrictive factor both improvement programs draw on. Therefore, this limited resource is acknowledged as vital element with respect to organisational performance when implementing JIT, TPM and TQM concurrently.

Service is an important factor in competition for banking services industry. Effective and efficient services can have a positive impact on the economic sustainability of a bank. Strategy that can be applied is giving more attention to the physical environment and employee’s quality of service so that will impact on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. This study aims to determine the effect of relationships between servicescape, employee service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. This study uses secondary and primary data distributed to 150 respondents of Bank Mandiri, co, Ltd Branch Jakarta Cimanggis. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The method of analysis used in this study is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with LISREL 9 method. The results showed that the servicescape and employee service quality have a positive significant effect on customer loyalty through Customer Satisfaction at Bank Mandiri, co, Ltd Branch Jakarta Cimanggis.

Abstract: Main objective of this study is to utilize Agro wastes instead of pure sugars for cellulases productions. It was noted that maximum fungal cell growth was obtained 0.936g/100ml of Aspergillus niger was observed at pH 4.11 in hydrolyzed rice husk used as carbon source. Aspergillus niger was isolated from the soil of Khairpur. The collection and utilization of suitable Agro wastes used as a carbon source for cellulases production by fungi requirements optimized fermentation process. Five agricultural wastes were measured for cellulolytic enzyme production using pretreatment methods acid. Acid pretreatment was found to be the most efficient and best method for higher enzyme production. Using this cheap and renewable residue, for cellulolytic enzyme production by Aspergillus niger boosts its economic value which is not comparable with its current use as animal feed. Agro wastes such as sugarcane peelar bagasse, sugarcane bagasse, banana fruit stalk, sorghum husk and rice husk were hydrolyzed with 0.6N HCl. Rice husk was found good substrate in comparison to other Agro wastes for the growth of Aspergillus niger and cellulases production. Maximum activity of cellulases were noted 4.811 (units/ml). The Cellobiase and salicinase maximum production 4.717 and 4.742 units per ml obtained at 240 hours respectively.

All this time many parties including parents do not care about the distribution of healthy information on sexual content to their adolescents so that many of them look for the information through social media. Right now the spread of websites with pornographic content occurs in social media including YouTube. This research aims at knowing the perception of adolescents on pornographic content in social media in relation to the influence of media information or the attitude of parents. It is the quantitative research with survey methods and data analysis using path analysis. The research results indicate that the attitude of parents on pornographic content in social media, YouTube gets influence from media information, and the perception of adolescents on pornographic content in social media YouTube gets influence from the attitude of their parents as well as media information gets influence the perception of adolescents on pornographic content in social media, YouTube. To avoid the negative impact of pornographic content in social media, parents should be more care about their adolescents particularly the planting of strong foundation on morality and religious teaching concepts to them.

Abstract:Thyroid hormones have many important biological functions in our body. One of the major functions is control of the basal metabolic rate and calorigenesis. Thyroid dysfunction causes remarkable changes in glomerular and tubular functions. In recent studies, it was found that hypo and hyperthyroidism associated with renal derangement resulting in abnormal serum creatinine and uric acid levels. Thus, this study was conducted for estimation and observation of changes in urea and creatinine in subclinical hypo and hyperthyroidism.Total 90 subjects were included in the study. Out of which 30 cases were clinically diagnosed subclinical hypothyroid patients and 30 were subclinical hyperthyroid, remaining 30 were controls. Triiodothyronine (T3),Thyroxine(T4), and TSH were estimated by fully automated Beckman coulter Access-2 analyser. Urea, uric acid and creatinine parameters were measured using automated clinical chemistry analyser. Statistical data analysis was performed by using SPSS 18.2 software. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism showed significant increase in serum uric acid and creatinine levels (p<0.0001) and patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism showed significant decrease in serum creatinine levels (p<0.0001). When correlated with TSH, serum creatinine showed positive correlation where it has negative for serum uric acid in case of SC hypothyroidism cases. For SC hyperthyroid cases, correlation was negative for serum creatinine and uric acid levels.The overall result of our study indicate that the urea, creatinine, uric acid levels were significantly impaired in subclinical hypo and hyperthyroidism. Therefore, we would emphasize the importance of the routine evaluation of these biochemical parameters in thyroid disorders.

Abstract: Background: Lung cancer is a type of cancer that arises in the lungs. Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the two major subtypes of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology, over a period of 1 year at a tertiary care hospital and teaching centre. A total of 125 cases comprising of 70 adenocarcinomas and 55 squamous cell carcinomas of lung were included in the study. Result: All 27 cases of well differentiated Adenocarcinoma were negative for P40 and 1 case showed positive P63 expression. Out of 43 cases of moderately differentiated Adenocarcinoma, 1 case was positive for P40 and 4 cases were positive for p63. Out of 19 cases of well differentiated Squamous cell carcinomas 18(94.7%) cases were positive for P40 and 18 (94.71%) cases were P63 positive. All 36 (100%) cases of moderately differentiated Squamous cell carcinoma showed positive P40 and P63 expression. Conclusion: Strong and diffuse P40 expression was noted in majority of lung squamous cell carcinomas and absence of P40 in most of the lung adenocarcinomas. Thus, p40 is an excellent marker for distinguishing lung squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma, and that its expression is equivalent to that of p63 in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Since P63 shows variable expression in lung adenocarcinomas; in moderately differentiated cases, a two-panel approach of p63 and p40 help to distinguish adenocarcinoma from squamous cell carcinomas.

This work is aimed at examining the effect of heavy metal concentration on surface water quality. This study was concentrated on the lower Niger River from Illah through Asaba/Onitsha to Okpai (Lat 6o 25' to Lat 5o 40' N and longitude 6o 37' to 6o 47' E). The data collected from water and were analyzed for the heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe, Mn and Co) using urican 929 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that Turbidity, BOD, TSS, hydrocarbon, coliform, magnesium and iron concentrations in the sampled settlement did not meet the WHO (2010) threshold for drinking water quality. The following conclusions were reached; the Niger River water must be treated before drinking, to remove or reduce the amount of non-essential or essential heavy metal and eating of fish species that have bio-accumulated heavy metals above the WHO limits for consumption must be prohibited or discouraged. Also, further studies should be carried out to monitor the heavy metal concentration in the lower Niger River and to identify the point sources of entry; and various contributors to the contamination of the River Niger. Heavy metals have however been grouped into two categories – Essential and Non-Essential. Zinc, Iron, Manganese, Copper and Cobalt are essential and beneficial elements but become toxic when their concentrations exceed those required for normal life Lead, Arsenic, Beryllium, and Mercury are non-essential and are not required in biological systems because they are toxic. The following recommendations were made; frequent environmental monitoring (at least twice a year) must be conducted to know levels of heavy metals contamination especially of the aquatic systems; Education of the neighbouring populace on protection of the environment through various technical programmes may very useful; The Niger River water must be treated before drinking, to remove or reduce the amount of non-essential or essential heavy metal such as Cr and Fe; The eating of fish species that have bio accumulated heavy metals above the WHO limits for consumption must be prohibited or discouraged; Further studies should be carried out to monitor the heavy metal concentration in the lower Niger river and to identify the point sources of entry; but, the result of this study should form the baseline data for the assessment of the various contributors to the contamination or otherwise of the River Niger. Thus, the pollution trends in the future can easily be monitored.

This paper presents the results of an empirical and theoretical literature review to effects of business records in business profitability in SMEs. Three research questions are addressed: how business records contributed towards business performance of SMEs? What types of records they kept and is used in the day-to-day business operations? The research questions are underpinned by Records Continuum Model. Results show that business records in Tanzania had no positive impact on business profitability because of how the records were created and the value attach to record keeping, resulted from the lack of records management policies; inadequate staff capacity, limited awareness about the value of sound records management; and inadequate budgets. As a result, decisions are made without full information about business transactions. Besides, the absence of systematic record keeping and controls leaves scope for corruption and collusion between business officials and business owners and employees as well as the chamber of commerce. The ISO 15489-1 is presented as the key best practice mechanism for enhancing sound records management that the Tanzania SMEs may espouse. The subject matter of this paper is aimed at influencing policy and practice, especially with regard to the provision of the appropriate competencies and skills needed for sound management of court records to enhance accountability, transparency and service delivery.

This study examines the pattern of stock returns in the Indonesian stock market. Using the GARCH (1, 1) model, the study investigates the effects of day-ofthe-week, month-of-the-year and monthly on the daily return series from January 2003 to August 2008. The study also examines the combined effect of the three anomalies. Overall, stock returns are found to be lower at the beginning of the week but closed higher by the end of the week. The stock returns are also found to be lower during the first quarter of the year but they register higher returns throughout the remaining months of the year, particularly towards the end of the year. The stock returns consistently produced significant positive returns on Wednesday throughout the month of April and May. Although evidence of significant positive returns is also found on other days within certain months, they do not prevail throughout the entire month. They are confined either to the first or second half of the month. The presence of seasonal effects in the Indonesian stock market indicates that market participants have the chance of making significant returns when trading on the specific days of the months. However, the abnormal gains are subject to the transaction cost which is not accounted for in this study.