Nigeria currently ranks as the seventh most populous country in the world. However, there is no consensus in the empirical literature on the effect of this growing population on economic development. This study contributes to the ongoing investigations into the effect of population growth on economic development in Nigeria. The study used annual time series data for the period 1980 to 2016 and adopted the OLS regression technique. The results indicate that population growth retards economic development in Nigeria. However, the results further show that credit to the private sector is an important driver of economic development in Nigeria both in the short-run and long-run. Among others, the study concludes that policies that can control the escalating population; ensure that the existing population becomes more productive; and deepen the availability of credits for the private sector will enhance economic development in Nigeria

The species Jatropha curcas of the family Euphorbiaceae, widespread in Central Africa, is a shrub 5 to 8 m high; widely used in traditional medicine. The interest of the present study is the evaluation of the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activity of the aqueous extract of its roots and the formulation of capsules from the dry extract. After the harvest of Jatropha curcas in the region of the center Cameroon, roots underwent clearly a decoction in distilled water, maceration in ethanol 80 % and in pure methanol. Characterization of secondary metabolites families was performed by coloring and phytochemical precipitation tests. Subsequently, some of these metabolites were measured from standards. The animal material (male and female rats) was prepared for demonstration of hypoglycemic and antihyperglycaemic activity using as method the measurement of blood glucose every 30 minutes for 3 hours. The determination of the yields of the extracts showed a significant profitability, 8,14% for the aqueous extract. Phytochemical screening analysis and determination of phenolic compounds revealed that the aqueous extract had high levels of total phenols (24.037 mg Eq AG / g dried material), total flavonoids (9.493 mg Eq Q / g DM), flavanols (2,704 mg Eq R / g DM), flavones and flavonols (2,053 mg Eq Q / g DM), saponins (6,270%), tannins condensates (0,019 mg Eq C / g DM) and anthocyanins (2,625 mg / ml), relative to the methanolic extract and the ethanolic extract. In addition, the methanolic extract was found to be the most titrated in alkaloids (0.698%). Administration of the aqueous extract of root at a dosage of 500 mg/kg of body weight significantly decreased glycaemia (p < 0.05) compared to the group of rats which received distilled water at 10 ml/kg and showed a significant change in percentage of glucose reduction (p = 0.003), comparable to that of glibenclamide 10 mg / kg of body weight, the sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drug of reference. Our results show that the roots of J. curcas have an interesting hypoglycemic effect suggesting their use as extracts in hypoglycemic treatments.

The emitem companies are competing in improving their performance through an offering of stock price progress. Market stock price is the price that occurs in the market at a certain moment determined by market participants. Declining stock price condition indicates the company's position. The decline in investor interest in investment is reflected in the decline in stock prices. This applies also to related companies as well as to national logistics system policies. The objective of this study was to determine the purchase decision, sales decision, and stockholding decision by using an analytical method dividend discounted Model (DDM), price earnings ratio (PER), and price book value (PBV) on companies listed on the national logistics system. Based on the DDM approach, it is known that the average fair stock price is cheaper than the stock market price. This is because the rate of return that is estimated (k) is smaller than the dividend growth (g). If the company gives dividends continues to rise but the stock market price indicates a stable value, then this is not good for the company because it will make the fair value of shares with the method of deviden discounted model get negative results. Based on the PER approach, it is known that the average fair price of shares is more expensive than the stock market price. This is because the measuring instrument above calculates PER by comparing earnings per share. After that the results are multiplied by the expected EPS. Based on PBV approach Average stock fair price > 1, so that the valuation of fair price of shares is worth overvalued. This is because the measuring instrument for calculating the fair value of the stock using the price book value method takes the value of the total equity. Keywords: Stock price, dividend discounted, price earnings, price book

Objectives: To summarize and critically evaluate the body of research on the connection between obesity and sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk. Methods: To locate research that met the inclusion criteria, a thorough computerized search of relevant databases was carried out. A comprehensive search was carried out on PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to locate relevant material. Results: Our data included seven trials with 104,697 participants and 68,738 (65.7%) were males. The prevalence of SCD among obese patients ranged from 0.05% to 37.1%, with a total prevalence of 1111 (1.1%). Five studies stated that as BMI rises, so does the chance of SCD. Obesity in the early stages of life and obesity and overweight throughout adulthood are risk factors for SCD [13, 15]. Many studies highlighted the interplay between obesity and cardiovascular comorbidities, such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and heart failure, in increasing the risk of sudden death. Conclusion: The results of this comprehensive review offer strong evidence that obesity poses a substantial risk of sudden death, with the risk rising as obesity severity increases. In those who have pre-existing cardiovascular problems and significant obesity, the relationship is very high. Subsequent investigations have to concentrate on improving comprehension of the correlation between obesity and unexpected mortality, as well as creating practical methods to lower this risk in medical settings.

The purpose of this study is to find out how the perception of price, process and quality of Product influences purchasing decisions with a case study of sharia KPR financing products in PT Bank Permata Syariah Business Unit. There was significant gap between target and sharia KPR finance realization achievement until August 2018 because the target was not achieved. In addition, the ranking of Bank Permata Syariah which is still far below shows that the contribution of KPR financing is not yet high. This is caused by many factors including the price / margin factor offered to customers who are still less competitive, the financing process and product quality that still need to be improved. The design of this research is explanatory. The samples taken in this study were the customers of Bank Permata Syariah in the South Tangerang Region who already had Sharia KPR financing and filled out questionnaires. They were taken by using the accidental sampling method with some specified criteria. The sampling technique was Purposive Sampling Method on 1504 of total population of customers of Bank Permata Syariah in the South Tangerang Region. By using the Slovin formula, 100 customers was obtained as samples. Analysis method of this research was qualitative method with Multiple Linear Regression as analysis tool, and helped by SPSS version 23.0. Before the analysis was carried out, the questionnaire instrument test was carried out with validity and reliability tests and classic assumptions. After that, it was analyzed by Multiple Linear Regression followed by a test of determination analysis (RSquare), partial hypothesis testing (t test) and simultaneous (F test) with a 5% error tolerance level. The results showed that there was an influence of price perceptions on purchasing decisions partially, the process of purchasing decisions partially, product quality on purchasing decisions partially and perceptions of price, process and product quality simultaneously influenced purchasing decisions for Sharia KPR financing products at Bank Permata Syariah

Plants have formed the basis of sophisticated traditional medicinal systems that have been in existence for thousands of years and continue to provide mankind with new remedies. The study of total ethanol extract of Shorea robusta oleoresin and Wrightia tinctoria bark investigated the antiallergic activity study by sheep (Capra hircus) serum and compound 48/80 induced mast cell degranulation method using ketotifen fumarate and antipruritic activity study by compound 48/80 method using chlorpheniramine maleate as standard. The results showed both plants are excellent candidates.

The fiscal policy reflects the state use of its economic programs, which includes revenues and expenditures in the best way. This is done by directing the state economic plans to determine the sources of income and how to spend them, and what are the most important spending trends such as wages of government employees and various service projects, to achieve the highest levels of economic balance. Economic growth represents the process of increasing real income in a cumulative and continuous manner over a period of time, where this increase must be greater than the rate of population growth. The aim of this paper is to review the research work conducted on fiscal policies and economic growth, noting that there are two types of fiscal policy; the first type is spending, while the second type is taxation. In addition, according to previous research, the relationship between fiscal policy and economic growth is not clear and consistent, where in some cases a positive relationship, while in others it may be a negative relationship. In this paper we will discuss the concept of fiscal policies, economic growth and the relationship between those two variables through some of previous research.

Youth often face difficulties in accessing sexual and reproductive health services. The main aim this study was to determine the utilization of youth friendly reproductive health services among secondary school going youths of Fort portal Municipality and ascertain factors that influence use of these services. A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on 250 secondary school youths in Fortportal Municipality. Sample size was determined by using Kish Leslie’s formula. Clustered sampling method was used to choose two (2) schools from each division of Fort portal Municipality; then respondents selected by consecutive sampling method. Data was analyzed using SPSS V.22. About half (53.2%) of the respondents were females and most of the study respondents (85.6%) were adolescents. Almost a third of the respondents (39.2%) were sexually active with 67.3 percent of them having unprotected sex. The study revealed that more than three quarters (79.2%) of the youths were poor users of youth friendly reproductive health services with sex education as the most utilized service (88.4%) and the least being use of contraceptives (20.3%). Age and availability of the services were the main determinants of utilization of these services. Adolescents utilized Youth friendly reproductive health services more than fellow older youths (P; 0.023 and P; 0.033 respectively). Availability of some Youth friendly reproductive health services in schools and health facilities influenced their utilization (P; 0.001 and P;0.013 respectively).Youth friendly reproductive health services are under-utilized by secondary school going youths. Youth friendly healthcare clinics should be operational in all schools and health facilities.

The existence of human resources in an organization is a valuable asset for the organization itself. Civil Servants (PNS) or now called the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) as human resources in government become the backbone of the government in running the government. In accordance with Law No. 39 of 2008 concerning the State Ministry, it is stated that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is one of 3 (three) ministries that cannot be dissolved by the President. Thus the position of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has a significant role in the government. So with these conditions, it is important for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to have human resources who are committed to remembering their actions not only in the country but giving Indonesia's image to the international world. The objectives of this study are to find out and explain the effect of career development (x1) and compensation (x2), on job satisfaction (y1) to organizational commitment (y2) in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The sample of this research is the employee of general secretariat of foreign ministry by employing descriptive statistics and data analysis technique using SmartPLS version 3.2.7 as the research methodology. The research reveals that career development, compensation, and job satisfaction have positive effect to the organizational commitment, both partially and simultaneously. Partially, only career development has insignificant effect to the job satisfaction, while the remaining variables have significant effect.

This work evaluated the palm oil biomass waste as a source of renewable energy for electric power generation. Nigeria was once the largest producer of Oil Palm products, but since has been relegated to the back ground by Malaysia and some other countries and needs to revitalize its palm oil industries. Electricity regeneration in Nigeria has also been highly politicized and still at shortfall to its teeming population demand. This situation invariably requires revamping through exploitations of alternative energy sources. This work was carried out at Presco Nigeria Ltd which owns palm plantations from where we obtained our oil palm empty fruit bunches for this research. The result obtained from this work shows that 896 kg of empty fruit bunches produced 1.7 MW of power though lower than that of the same mass of methane, it is proving to be by far more cost effective, easier to maintain and run. The research also reported that oil palm empty fruit bunch has more calorific value than other oil palm biomass resources. Placing this research finding with others in literature indicates that the quantity of the biomass is directly proportional to the amount of energy produced.

Education intends to promote such values and improve people’s capacity that sustains environment and development issues of any countries. Education helps to create awareness, welfare attitudes, skills and behaviour as well as a sense of ethical responsibilities among the people. Education has different levels such as primary, secondary, higher secondary and university education. Among these, university or higher education is one of the fastest growing parts of the education system. In these contexts, higher education should be standard, welfare and sustainable development oriented. One of the key aims of higher education is to anticipate the needs of the economy and prepare highly skilled workers to make it competitive. This is especially important for a developing country like Bangladesh. Because, it is badly needed to build up our human capital, and higher education can play vital role in this regard that promotes to the growth of economy, achieve and sustain a high-quality workforce. But higher education is now globalized and in many ways commercialized affair. As a result, quality of higher education is ignored, and business attitude prioritized, especially in the context of third world countries. As a developing country, in Bangladesh, this scenario is more vulnerable.

Humor, as a universal language phenomenon, is an important part in people‟s daily life, which can improve human relations, bring pleasant feeling to people. A sitcom, short form for a situation comedy, consists of a large quantity of humors, and is one of the best carrier forms of humor. Friends is one of the most successful American sitcoms. Love Apartment also enjoys great popularity in China. Under the theoretical framework of speech act theory, this paper analyses the similarities and difference of humorous speech acts in these two famous sitcoms and explores the reasons behind the difference and aims to help the audience have a better interpretation of the sitcoms.

Lung cancer is most common malignancy and is the first cause of death in Iraq. To assess the progression free survival (PFS), and to describe the role of maintaining pemetrexed drug. Retrospective study conducted in Oncology Teaching Hospital /Medical city complex. The period from January 2014 to June 2017. A total of forty seven patients with non-small cell lung cancer, treated by chemotherapy enrolled. Patients assessed for age, gender, histopathological subtypes, first line chemotherapy protocol and progression free survival. The progression free survival was 18.6 months with (95% Confidence Interval (CI)). The progression free survival for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were 19.6, 9.8(months). The maintenance pemetrexed showed a better Progression free survival than other patients. Patients with adenocarcinoma histology have better Progression free survival than other subtypes

This paper aimed at carrying out a failure analysis on a typical gas pipeline in Niger Delta, Nigeria. The research analyzes the causes of failure of an existing pipeline which conveys 35MSCF/D of natural gas from the processing plant of marginal oil and gas field to a power generating station, 14km away. Non Destructive Testing (NDT) procedure, specifically, Ultrasonic Testing method was used to carry out the failure analysis on the pipe specimen. The pipeline thickness gauging alongside the flaw detention procedures carried out showed that the pipeline failed integrity test, therefore unfit for its intended purpose. The overall result shows that the major causes of the pipe failure are metallurgical/weld defect as well as corrosion along the welded line. The parameters obtained were used to compute the failure model for the pipeline.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the significant promotion mix factors that have an effect on the outstanding lending decision and formulate a suitable strategy for Indonesia Exim bank. The type of research used is correlational research and if based on data type is quantitative research. The population of this research is the debtors from Indonesia Exim bank in the Medan region from 2012 to 2016, totaling 30 companies. Data analysis in this research uses multiple linear regression model. In the process of data processing, the authors are assisted using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) data processing application. The results have found that advertising, personal sales, public relations, and direct sales simultaneously have an influence on lending decisions. Partially, advertising and public relations have a significant influence on loan decisions, while personal sales and direct sales have no significant effect on lending decisions