Wheezing happens when the airways are tightened, blocked or inflamed making a person's breathing sounds like whistling or squeaking. A study was conducted to identify the most probable risk factors for pediatrics bronchospasm. Hence, a total of 205 patients, aged below 6 years, from inpatient admissions at Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital, were enrolled. All children who presented with attacks of bronchospasm were clinically evaluated. It was found that 34.14% of the study group had a history of wheeze. Male patients and those of urban origin were more affected, (67.14%) and (74.29%), respectively. Wheeze was associated with prematurity, low birth weight and family history of asthma. There was an association of wheeze in first degree relatives (87.1% versus 32.2%) including children of those with asthma (64.3% versus 30.6%). Environmental factors and parental smoking showed clear difference from 50% to 12.8% respectively. Furthermore, overcrowding, atopy, persistent nasal snuffle, were all associated with wheeze. History of recurrent chest infection was found to be higher in those who had parental history of asthma (85.7% versus 39.8%). In conclusin, Family history and sblings asthma, parental smoking, atopy, overcrowding was risk factors of wheeze further studies are highly suggeste for further assessment

This study aims to determine the effect of government spending on education, health, and minimum wages on the Five Human Development Index in Southern Sumatra Province. The analytical tool used is panel data with the study period of 2007 to 2016 in five southern Sumatra Provinces namely Jambi, South Sumatra, Bengkulu, Lampung and Bangka Belitung. The results show that minimum wages are the most dominant variable and have a significant effect on the HDI. Whereas the other two variables, namely government spending in education and health do not significantly affect the HDI. Overall the HDI average is not much different and there is no discrepancy between provinces in Southern Sumatra from the range of 68 percent to 70 percent. However, of the five provinces in Southern Sumatra, there are two provinces with higher HDI figures than the others, namely Jambi Province and Bangka Belitung Province.

Graphene, a carbon, displays unique 2-D structures with preternatural physical, chemical and electronics properties that necessitated its applications in different fields of engineering systems. Among these applications, bioelectronics application of graphene has attracted an increasing interest over the last years. The advantages conferred by the physical, optical and electrochemical properties of graphene-based nanomaterial have contributed to the current variety of ultra-sensitive and selective biosensor and sensors devices, Nano electronics, super-capacitors, solar cells, batteries, flexible displays, hydrogen storage in electronics. This paper provides a review on graphene variant properties and their applications especially in bioelectronics

Several heterogeneity factors such as government policies on foreign trade, growth rate of economy, market size and cost of labour in emerging economies motivated this study. However, bulk of recent empirical cross country studies on FDI and economic growth in emerging countries have shown mixed results. Therefore, this study employs OLS technique to examine a comparative analysis of performance of FDI inflows in BRICS economies alongside with Singapore and Hong Kong in the last 27 years. Consequently, the findings from this analysis show that the principal determinant of FDI inflows in China is large market size, growth rate and GDP per capita growth. Meanwhile, only the market size is the principal determinant of FDI inflows in Brazil, India, South Africa, Singapore and Hong Kong and GDP per capita growth is an insignificant determinant of FDI inflows in both Russia and South Africa. This paper hereby recommends based on its findings that: the policy makers in Brazil, India, Russia Federation, South Africa, Singapore and Hong Kong should embark on policy measures that will facilitate a rapid expansion of the country`s market size. This in turn will have a positive multiplier effects on the growth rate and GDP per capita growth in their economies. However, policy makers in China should embark on policy measure that will ensure the sustainability of the market size of the economy.

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of lifestyle and price perceptions on purchasing decisions or guest decisions to stay at a hotel. The population is guests staying at the Patra Jasa Semarang Convention Hotel, with a sample of 98 respondents. The sampling technique in this study uses purposive sampling sampling method. The analytical tool of this study uses multiple linear regression where previously tested its validity and reliability. Test results show that lifestyle is proven to influence guest decisions in defense, and price perception has a positive influence on the decision to stay

In the past two decades, sustainability has been a significant concern when planning cities. As a consequence of development occurring in cities, its essence to people is discounted. An example of this is Doha, Qatar‟s capital, which has undergone massive urban developments because of the post-WWII discovery and production of oil and gas. Doha‟s urban fabric has been transformed from a rational, people-based, and environmentally adapted design into zoning and transportation dependent planning. However, in the past few years, Doha has started to adopt sustainability-driven urban planning policies. For example, development of the new city Lusail has legislation and design regulations directed towards sustainable planning. Therefore, this research study is focused on the urban planning of a neighbourhood in Al Wakra, Qatar. The focus is on its relationship to the old city layout and the possible implementation of sustainability principles in present-day development in the area. The study also develops strategies and design that utilize sustainability principles. The study process includes a literature review, data collection, detailed site analysis, and exploration of present and historic plans for Al Wakra. Additionally, various alternatives that follow specific strategies are generated to identify a desirable approach for the neighbourhood. Furthermore, the strategies highlight actions needed to implement the development concept. As a result, the study generates an ideal approach for the further development of Al Wakra. Furthermore, the findings can act as a reference for similar developments with a comparable climate, surroundings, environment, size, and population.

Phyllanthus muellerianus is a large genus of the Euphobiaceae, is popularly known as ‘nvo nkwo’in Oghe traditional medicine. This species is used in the folk medicine for the treatment of sexually transmitted desieases. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify and spectroscopic characterize of sample GH3 from leaves of P. muellerianus. Sample GH3 from leaves of P. muellerianus was analyzed for their absorption, functional groups (CH, H, OH and NH) and 1H NMR resonance peaks (7.2 ppm and 6.7 ppm), resulting in the identification of benzopyran’s groups, suggesting 2H-1-benzopyran (chromene). The identification of benzopyran’s groups is here reported for the first time in P. muellerianus.

EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCP) is the phenomenon of a low platelet count due to EDTA-induced aggregation of platelets. Since the failure to recognize EDTA-dependent PTCP may result in incorrect diagnosis and inappropriate treatment, the recognition of this phenomenon is very important in managing the patient and giving correct treatment. We here by discuss about a case of, A 21 year old male admitted for fever for evaluation showed severe thrombocytopenia by automated 5 part Mindray analyser. Manual count and peripheral smear done revealed higher count and small platelet aggregates. Following which citrated sample was collected and manual counting done both showed similar values, low count in singles without aggregation when compared to EDTA sample. EDTA induced platelet aggregation was thus conformed.

The study on business ethics practices in organization: A key to sustainable development in selected banks in south east Nigeria was motivated by the need to provide solutions to the problem of sustainability and business ethics practices in organization: key to sustainable development in banking industry in south east Nigeria. The study set out to accomplish the two specific objectives from which appropriate research question and hypothesis were postulated. The study adopted survey design. The population of the study was staff of selected banking industries in Abia state, Anambra state, Ebonyi state, Enugu state and Imo state in South East Nigeria. A sample size of 337 staff was determine from the total population of 2148 population using Taro Yamani sampling technique. The hypothesis were tested using regression analysis with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. The major findings of the study were that ethical value has a significant positive effect on sustainable development of an organisation. There was a significant positive relation between customer loyalty and sustainability of an organization. The study recommended that the top management should invest in human capital in the area of modern banking system and that because of globalization on the job training has to gain way to out sourcing for best practices in global banking industry

Sacrum is a triangular bone formed by fusion of five sacral vertebrae. It is wedged between two hip bones. Its base articulates with 5th lumbar vertebra and apex with coccyx. Complete agenesis of the dorsal wall of sacrum was observed during one routine osteology tutorial. The same is presented. The sacral canal was completely open posteriorly due to non fusion of the laminae from S1 to S5. The sacral canal is formed by sacral vertebral foramina. The anterior wall of the canal is formed by fusion of the sacral vertebral bodies. The fused laminae, spines and ossified ligamenta flava form the dorsal wall. The sacral canal is triangular in cross section and contains cauda equina, filum terminale and spinal meninges. Duramater and arachnoid mater end at middle of sacrum (generally at the level of S2) while filum terminale is continuation of piamater till coccyx. Knowledge of variations in the dorsal wall of sacrum due to congenital factors is essential for anesthesiologists, surgeons and physicians to treat the related disorders. Study of the variation in anatomical features of sacral hiatus and dorsal wall of sacral canal is important with regards to its clinical application in caudal epidural anesthesia. Sacral approach to epidural space is reliable and effective means of blocking sacral nerves.

In this short communication, an integrated process concept for detoxification of chromium (VI) contaminated water with Polyaniline/MCC composite is proposed. The preparation of composite involved in-situ oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of MCC (a bio-based material); the industrially favorable and cost effective oxidant ammonium persulphate (APS) was used. Under the conditions studied, the preliminary results reflected that the proposed concept was quite effective in the detoxification of the model solution. It is worth expecting that the use of PANI-engineered cellulose fibers prepared using low cost oxidant may serve as an interesting alternative for industrial water treatment.

The endodontic preparation of curved and narrow root canals is challenging. Aggressive preparation of the root canal with rotary file systems may result in canal transportation and excess removal of dentine, a major reason for poor prognosis of root canal treated tooth. The purpose of the present study was to compare the canal transportation and centering ability of Rotary ProTaper Next (PTN) and HyFlex EDM file systems using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in curved root canals. Forty extracted human mandibular first molars were mounted on acrylic blocks. Specimens were divided into two groups: Group PTN (ProTaper Next) and Group HF (HyFlex EDM). Mesiobuccal canals were instrumented with ProTaper Next and HyFlex EDM rotary files. Pre-instrumentation and Post-instrumentation scans were performed using CBCT under similar conditions. Canal transportation, centering ratio and volume of the dentine removed were evaluated at 3 cross-section levels; 3-mm, 6-mm and 9- mm from the root apex. The data were statistically analyzed and the level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.Canal transportation was seen minimal with HyFlex EDM (0.021±0.009) at 3mm from the apex and maximum with ProTaper Next (0.028±0.021) at 9mm from the apex. Mean centering ratio was lower for HyFlex EDM to ProTaper Next at all levels. Both Pro Taper Next and HyFlex EDM systems shaped the canals with adequate centering ability and minimal canal transportation. Hyflex EDM better maintained canal centricity but the difference was not statistically significant.

The reference values of hematological markers currently used in Sudan have been obtained from researches on populations in developed countries and may not be applicable in Sudan. It has previously been shown that the normal hemoglobin level in Sudanese children is different from international values. The objectives of this study were to establish the reference ranges of white blood cells and differential count in healthy Sudanese adults. The present study included 1076 healthy Sudanese adults from both sexes and five states, with age range of 20 – 60 years. Clinical examination was performed, weight and height were measured, and BMI was calculated. Blood samples were obtained from brachial veins and drawn in EDTA tubes. WBCs and differential count were analyzed using Sysmex KX-21 automated hematology analyzer. SPSS version 25 statistical software was used for data analysis, P value < 0.05 was considered significant and 95% CI was accepted. The mean age of participants was 25.23±9.64 years. The median of WBCs count was 5×103/µL with reference range of (2.9-9.6× 103/µL). Neutrophils count was 2.3(1.7-3.1× 103/µL), while lymphocytes was 2.1(1.8-2.5× 103/µL). The median of WBCs was significantly higher in female [5.1 × 103/µL (range: 4.2- 6.3× 103/µL)] than male [5.0× 103 /µL (range: 4.0- 6.0× 103/µL)] (p <0.05). Our results showed that WBCs count was positively correlated with BMI. The count was found to be significantly higher in Red sea and Darfur states compared with the other states. The reference ranges of WBCs count in Sudanese are lower than the international one and should be used in Sudan

This case report concerns a patient, presented unusually with an ulcero proliferative parotid tumor; diagnosed histologically as polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma. (PLGA) Its rare association with a collision tumor of squamoid sebaceous carcinoma; arising from overlying adnexal elements is previously unreported. Controversies in the histological diagnosis of this entity; particularly in relation to its prognosis are emphasized and discussed, drawing comparison of similar tumors occurring elsewhere.

The trend of e-commerce has been catching up in the country with high rates of domestic and local companies using the e-business model to do business very different from the traditional way of doing business in India. This study is trying to Estimate and understand the consumer attitude and factors influencing their behaviour for choosing E-commerce sites and to succeed in those procedures and Find out new opportunities. The study is based in primary data collected by questionnaire on students of Aligarh Muslim University the study conclude that With the increasing middle class people and more disposable incomes, people are now shopping more frequently. Access to affordable internet and increasing number of smartphone users have resulted in more online buyers.