This study sought to establish the influence of principal‟s leadership styles on teachers‟ professional commitment in Kericho Sub-county, Kenya. Specifically the study endeavored to establish the influence of Principals‟ Democratic Leadership style on Teachers‟ Professional Commitment in public secondary schools in Kericho Sub-county. This research was informed by the situational leadership theory and descriptive research design was adopted to guide the study. The sub-county has 31 public secondary schools. In the 31 schools there are a total of 31 principals, 155 Heads of Departments and 400 Teachers. All the 31 principals were selected to participate in the study because the sub county has recorded a decline in KCSE performance in the last two years. Five (5) HODS‟ in charge of academics from each school were purposively selected because of their special complementary roles in the leadership and management of schools. Simple random sampling was used to select five subject teachers in each school, one from each academic department to participate in the study; also 3 sub county quality assurance and standards officers‟ were selected. Therefore a total of 344 respondents comprising of 31 principals, 155 HOD‟s, 155 subject teachers and 3 SCQASOs constituted the total sample size. Data was collected using questionnaires which were administered to principals, HODs and subject teachers while interview schedules were used to guide discussions with the SCQASOs. Validity of the instrument was determined by the supervisors, lecturers in the department of Education Kisii University. For reliability, a test re-test of the findings was calculated and a Pearson‟s correlation coefficient of 0.856 was obtained. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with aid of Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer program while the results from interviews were analyzed qualitatively and thematically. Results revealed that democratic leadership style was the dominant style employed by principals in Kericho Sub-County together with the democratic practices employed point to a leadership that recognizes ideals of democracy in management. Other practices, principals delegate tasks and assignments to staff members (M=1.94, SD = 0.923); Principals ensure that members of staff feel involved and relevant in decision making process (M = 2.10, SD = 1.075); The study recommended that there is need to consider blending the leadership styles since each has some contribution to make indirectly to learner performance. The researcher paid keen attention to research ethical issues and got the informed consent of the respondents and guarded against plagiarism and ensured confidentiality.

Access to education has been a global phenomenon since education has been viewed as a vehicle for economic and social development in society. In Kenya, access to education has been a challenge at all levels in our educational institutions ranging from primary to tertiary level. There is low access rate in boarding Secondary Schools in Nyamira North Sub County despite the fact that there is funding of education by the government through subsidy program. The study was guided by this objective: To evaluate the extent to which subsidized secondary education program had enhanced access to education in boarding secondary schools in Nyamira North sub-county. The area of study was Nyamira North Sub County that has a population of 43 Secondary Schools with 43 principals, 43 Deputy Principals, 43 Bursars, 646 class teachers, one sub-county Quality Assurance and Standards officer and one sub-county Education Officer. The study was done using descriptive research design and the following research instruments were used: Administering questionnaire, interviewing and use of content analysis. The study used purposive sampling for all the small samples except class teachers of 646 that was sampled at 30%. Additionally, simple random sampling method was used in collecting data. Validity of the research instruments was done by subjecting the instruments to the experts for verification and adjustment. The research instruments were also subjected to test and retest method for reliability purpose at significance level of 0.83.The instruments were piloted in three schools before they were finally rolled to all the schools and they were found to be valid and reliable. Data was collected after seeking a research permit from the ministry of education after the University gave clearance for data collection. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The main findings of the study was that 76.8% had disagreed that government subsidy had improved access to education in boarding secondary schools in Nyamira North Sub-county. The recommendation was to improve funding of subsidized secondary education program by having a special levy to finance secondary education programs in boarding schools fully. The researcher paid keen attention to research ethical issues and got the informed consent of the respondents and guarded against plagiarism and ensured confidentiality.

This study aims to find out the acceptance of early adult women post-divorce. To see the stages of self-acceptance in respondents of this study using the theory of Kubler Roos (1969). The results of the study show that both respondents have the characteristics of individuals who have self-acceptance of having a positive picture of themselves, can manage and tolerate with frustration and anger, can interact with others without hostile criticism, and can regulate emotional state. At the level of acceptance, there is a similarity in the respondent's acceptance process. Although the first respondent was easier and fast-paced in the self-acceptance process compared to the second respondent. This difference is because the first respondent gets good social support from the family, especially from the first respondent, the first respondent's mother always motivated and embraced the first respondents to get out of the problem of first responders divorce, in contrast to the second most dominant respondent receiving social support of the second respondent's friends because the second respondent's family did not give much support to the second respondent to be able to rise from her divorce. This study also relates to the theory of resilience where resiliency is defined as a dynamic process involving positive adaptation to difficult circumstances (Luthar et al, in Naufaliasari 2013).

The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of PT. Bank CIMB Niaga Tbk by implementing the RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, Capital) method, and comparing the financial performance of PT. CIMB Niaga Bank in 2016 and 2017. The method used in this study is RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate e Governance, Earning, Capital), while the long-term objective is modeling the financial strategy assessment of Foreign Owned Bank. The results is The financial performance of Bank CIMB Niaga had not significant difference in financial performance between 2016 and 2017.

Comparative exergo-economic analysis of a simple and modified cycle gas turbine power plants was carried out in this work, using a GE MS5001 gas turbine located at Trans Amadi in Rivers state, Nigeria as a case study. The simple cycle plant was modified to have an intercooler, regenerator and a reheater with one additional compressor and one additional turbine. Energy, exergy and exergo-economic analyses were carried out on both plants. The net output of the GE MS5001 gas turbine is 26.90MW, and its fuel is natural gas with heating value of 50MJ/kg. The simple gas turbine cycle has an efficiency of 30.4% while the modified gas turbine cycle has an output power and efficiency of 44.67MW and 48.0% respectively. The exergy efficiency of the simple cycle is 22.6% while that of the modified cycle is 43.0%. The highest exergy destruction rate was in the combustion chamber in both cycles and accounted for 90% of exergy destroyed in the simple gas turbine cycle and 43% and 36% in the combustion chamber and reheater of the modified cycle plant. The economic analysis carried out showed that the total purchase equipment cost was higher in the simple cycle plant because of the high pressure ratios the compressor and the turbine operate in the simple cycle compared to the modified cycle. The cost of producing electricity for the simple gas turbine cycle was 10.18$/GJ while that for the modified gas turbine cycle was between 7.3339$/GJ and 7.7969$/GJ. The cost of electricity from the modified cycle is thus cheaper. All the exergo-economic parameters favour the operation of the modified cycle.

Background: The size of the kidney can be considered as an important indication for Congenital anomalies and in many clinical signs. Aim: to study the morphological and morphometric parameters of human kidneys in Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods: Fifty formalin fixed kidney specimens (Right-25; Left-25) obtained from cadavers with age range 55-60 years were utilized from the Department of Anatomy, Santhiram Medical College, Nandyal to study the morphological and morphometric parameters of human kidney specimens. The morphometric parameters like length, width, thickness and weight of the kidneys were measured and recorded. Results: The means of length, width, and thickness of the right kidneys were7.63+1.039, 3.93+0.431, 2.62+0.373 whereas left kidneys were 7.68+1.004, 3.96+0.426, 2.58+0.396 in the present study. The mean weight of the right kidney was 126.92+24.923 whereas the mean of left kidney weight was131+24.363 in the present study. The morphometric parameters like length, width, thickness, and weight were more in left kidney compared to right kidneys. The higher morphometric values were noted in the male kidney specimens when compared to female kidney specimens in the present study Conclusion: Morphometric parameters have a significant role in size, vascular diseases and congenital anomalies of human kidneys and possess greater clinical importance.

The aims of the research are to investigate the effect of gable orientation on the artificial ventilation used, and the intensity of artificial ventilation used which is effected by orientation gable. To achieve the aims of the research, mix research method was used in which both qualitative and quantitative research method was used to obtain the more valid, comprehensice and objective findings of the research. The techniques of collecting the data were literature study, observation in which and the instruments of the research used were the data from literature study, questionnaire with likert scale. After the data found, this research showed that the number of orientation of the roof will affect the ability of roof itself to withstand the heat in order not to increase the consumption of artificial artificial excessively based on both the orientation of both ideal and unideal direction at houses laid in Jasari Park Residence Medan. Then, based on a questionnaire using Likert scale, the roof orientation in residential areas shows that North-South and East-West has completely greater intensity in using the artificial ventilation than the roof orientation towards Southeast-Northwest and Southwest- Northeast. This condition occured because this orientation of the roof surface of the building and the sides of the wall are not only higher, and it absolutely reinforce the roofs that are facing in front of the orientation of the sun.

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a major health concern worldwide with a significant morbidity and mortality in addition to the economic burden. Oxidative stress, induced from exposure to various pollutants, with the resultant inflammation contributed to the pathogenesis of HE. This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of rosemary ethanolic extract on thioacetamide (TAA) induced HE. Methods: Rats used in this study were divided into three groups: control group, TAA group received intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of TAA twice weekly for 12 weeks, rosemary treated group received i.p injection of TAA twice weekly and oral daily dose of rosemary ethanolic extract for 12 weeks. Results: The results revealed an obvious state of oxidative stress in liver and brain as evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels and lowered reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Additionally, the concentration and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) indicating a significant inflammatory response. On the other hand, co-treatment with rosemary extract exhibited a significant improvement antioxidant capacities and inflammatory status of liver and brain. Moreover, the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) as fibrotic markers were analyzed proposing a possible anti-fibrotic activity of rosemary. Conclusion: it can be concluded that rosemary extract provide a powerful ameliorating effect against TAA induced HE owing to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and possible anti-fibrotic activities of its constituents.

Cervical Spondylosis (CS) is a unrelieved degenerative stipulation of cervical spine resulting neck pain, sub occipital pain, vertigo, shoulder pain, numbness in upper limbs and abridged assortment of movement of neck. The incidence of Cervical Spondylosis was 13% in the 3rd decade and 5% in the 4th decade. It is the most universal rising problem in today’s epoch with inadequate assortment of Allopathic system. The signs of Cervical Spondylosis concur with Manyastambha in Ayurveda. Consequently the current case study planned to spotlight on assesses the result of Nasya with Karpasthyadi Taila for 7 days and Baluka Sweda for 7 days subsequently in Cervical Spondylosis and a considerable effect was established in the symptoms.

The intention for this paper was to find out if emotional intelligence is used as a requisite skill for pastoral leadership effectiveness especially within the churches of Southwest Nigeria, where there are some persistent and prevailing conflicts encountered in some churches between pastors and church members. Six research questions were raised to guide the study to which answers are given based on the findings of the study. The study adopted a descriptive research design. Out of a total of 900 Pastors, 120 were selected randomly. The instrument used to collate data was a self-designed questionnaire which benefitted from literature. The reliability of the instrument was done, and a coefficient value of 0.90 was obtained and hence, adjudged the instrument to be reliable. Findings revealed that 72% of the respondents attested that emotional intelligence is used as a requisite skill for pastoral leadership effectiveness within the churches of Southwest Nigeria. Pastors in South-West Nigeria are in a good way acquainted with the concept of emotional intelligence as they know about how it operates with them and demonstrate on a high level the essential competencies of emotional intelligence identified in Pastors of the churches in Southwest, Nigeria which is self –awareness competencies, self-management competencies, social awareness competencies, social skills competencies and relationship management competencies. It was revealed that there is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and effective pastoral leadership. It was recommended that, for the church leadership to achieve and meet up with the expectation, it is expected that the awareness and exhibition of emotional intelligence are essential in ensuring a conflict-free leadership.

Background: Basic Life Support (BLS) / Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) are an important part of emergency Medical care. Aims and objective: This study was done among Dental practitioners, to know their knowledge and perceptions about BLS, as they are going to face such situations in future, as Doctors. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among Dental Practitioners. The awareness about recent guidelines of American heart association (AHA), BLS, and factors associated which include Profession, gender, previous BLS training and updated with Highlights of 2015 were assessed by using a self-administered structured MCQ questionnaire. Statistical Analysis: The descriptive analysis was run to find the proportions of various parameters. Significant results were considered at 5% level of significance. Results: Our participants were aware of BLS, showed positive knowledge and attitude toward it, with the statistically significant p value.Conclusion: By introducing BLS regularly in the Academic curriculum and by routine hands-on workshops, all the health-care providers should be well versed with the BLS skills for effectively managing the life threatening emergencies. Repeated training would increase their confidence.

For a long time, the Rohingya crisis has been a long debated issue between Myanmar and Bangladesh. Recently, the same issue got an influx and major attention of nations and international organizations as millions of Rohingya refugees fled to Bangladesh. This paper aims to highlight this form a very close range. The authors went to the Rohingya refugee camps located in Cox‟s Bazar and collected data though direct interview with the refugees. In addition to that, information from different published sources like media, websites and articles were collected to write this paper. At the end, the authors urged international communities to help solving this crisis. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of research in this issue. The authors are expecting that this article can be used as the base paper for further research in Rohingya issue

Management of radial head and neck fractures involves precontoured plate fixation.Proper plate fixation by determination of safe zone helps in restoration of normal mobility and function at radio ulnar and elbow joint. Aims and objectives of present study includes :1) To estimate bending radius of neck head curvature in the safe zone (BR), 2) Types of curvature classified as flat profile, low concave curvature and marked concave curvature at safe zone and 3) To estimate the differences in parameters between right and left radii. Results: Mean bending radii at safe zone was 25.66±9.64 and 29.97±10.40 in right and left side respectively. There was significant difference in values of bending radii between right and left sides. Low concave curvature was most prevalent type of curvature. Conclusion: Estimation of bending radii at safe and its morphology can help in reducing impingement and help in reducing postoperative complications.

In recent times, a number of countries faced major cracks and divisions (religious, ethnical and geographical) with less than a decade war/instability but with regards to over four decades of wars and instabilities, the united and indivisible Afghanistan face researchers and social scientists with valid questions that what is the reason behind this unity and where to seek the roots of Afghan national unity, despite some minor problems and ethnic cracks cannot be ignored?. Most of the available studies on nation building process or Afghan nationalism have covered the nation building efforts from early 20th century and very limited works are available (mostly local narratives) had touched upon the nation building efforts prior to the 20th. This study goes beyond and examine major struggles aimed nation building along with the modernization of state in Afghanistan starting from late 19th century. Reforms predominantly the language (Afghani/Pashtu) and role of shared medium of communication will be deliberated. In addition, we will talk how the formation of strong centralized government empowered the state to initiate social harmony though the demographic and geographic oriented (north-south) resettlement programs in 1880s and how does it contributed to the nation building process.

This study aims to analyze the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of the financial accounting capabilities of the RPTRA management in Meruya Selatan Village, build a simple cash report system and implement cash reports to empower RPTRA business activities carried out by the Meruya Selatan Village team in order to improve the economic quality of the micro sector and increase in family income need to be supported by the recording of simple financial data but can provide information about the source or receipt of funds and the allocation or use of funds along with the remainder or balance of funds. The stages of this activity are (1). Data collection, (2). Data analysis, (3). Establish a simple cash report system. (4). System implementation and training. The research method used is qualitative analysis using the SWOT method and building a simple cash report system. The result of study are (a) Standard Operating Procedure of Cash Transaction are (1) Cash receipt and payment transaction.(2) Recording on cash receipt and payment voucher.(3). Posting cash receipt and cash payment, (3) Cash Report (Cash Ledger) (4) Archive. (b) Standard Operating Procedure of Bank Transaction are (1) Bank receipt and payment transaction.(2) Recording on bank receipt and payment voucher.(3). Posting bank receipt and cash payment ,(3) Bank Report (Bank Ledger) (4) Archive.