International Dual Diploma Programs in undergraduate programs is one of the goals established by the internationalization of higher education institutions. Hence, each institution organizes itself in legal, administrative, teaching, political and financial terms in order to implement such a program. Objective: To report the experience of developing and implementing a Dual Diploma Program in undergraduate nursing programs in Brazil and Portugal. Method: Experience report. Results: An International Dual Diploma Program was established between the Undergraduate Nursing Programs of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Brazil and the Nursing School of Coimbra (ESenfC), Portugal. In Brazil, the process was initiated by the Coordination of the Undergraduate Nursing Program at UFSC, was considered by the university’s higher boards and by International Relations and Legal offices within the university. In Portugal, at the Nursing School of Coimbra, the International Relations Office together with the Technical-Scientific Council and the Office of the President of the ESenfC prepared the process. Two Brazilian students started attending the program in the second semester of 2018, after being selected through a public selection process. Conclusion: The program is in place and has proven to be feasible.

Nursing Managers hold a vital role in matching the vision of the institution with the vision of staff at the bed-side. Study Aim: Assess nursing manager's situational leadership style and nurses' work readiness levels. Study subject: nursing managers No=84 and 420 nurses. Setting: Assiut and Sohag Universities hospitals. Tools; consists of; 1) Personal data sheet, 2) Situational leadership styles questionnaire, 3) Work readiness scale validity and reliability were ensured Results: highest percentage of nursing managers at Assiut and Sohag universities hospitals utilize participative style (50% & 47.6%) respectively, meanwhile lowest percentage of them utilize delegative leadership style (4.8%, and 2.4%) respectively. Also the highest percentages of nurses at Assiut and Sohag Universities Hospitals had moderate work readiness level (54.8%, & 48.6%) respectively, followed by high work readiness level (38.1%, 28.6) respectively. Conclusions; this study concluded that; the majority of Assiut and Sohag Universities hospitals nursing managers not utilize situational leadership style. But only more than half of nursing managers at Assiut and less than half of nursing managers at Sohage utilize participative style, also highest percent of nurses work readiness levels were moderate. Recommendation: Condensed training for nursing managers must be done to enable nursing managers to utilize leadership styles that best fit with nurse's work readiness level.

Visual function is the most important sensory function of the human body; visual impairment is a common and debilitating health problem among elderly. It is affected elderly s’ daily life and leads to functional disabilities and other health problems. Thus: The aim of the current study was to assess relationship between visual impairment of elderly and their quality of life. Design: A descriptive correlational research design was adopted in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at outpatient clinics in Governmental Ophthalmic Hospital in Kafer El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt. Tools: Data were collected through interviewing elderly using two tools: I) Elderly Client Interviewing Questionnaire Tool which divided into two parts, 1st part: the demographic characteristics of the elderly and 2nd part: medical history and chronic disease. II) An Arabic Version of National Eye Institution Visual Function Questionnaires Tool (ARB-VFQ-25). Results: results revealed that, the main cause for visual impairment was cataract (84%). The highest mean score of subscale were vision health and color vision (66.13±34.67). A statistically significance correlation was found between visual impairment and quality of life among elderly (p= 0.012). Conclusion: Visual impairment is associated with significant reduction in different quality of life domains for the elderly. Quality of life becomes poor with increasing severity of visual impairment. Recommendations: the study recommended conducting a health education programs for elderly with visual impairment to promote their quality of life.

Multiple myeloma is a malignant hematological neoplasm which, primarily involving the bone marrow, but it has a potent extension towards other organs and to present with various clinical manifestations. Involvement of the stomach presenting with epigastric pain and vomiting is extremely rare. We report a case of a 73-year-old male presented at the Gastroenterology Unit with epigastric pain and uncontrollable vomiting. He was known to have a history of multiple myéloma and had previously been treated with a very good partial response. The patient underwent esogastroduodenoscopy witch revealed nodular gastritis without ulceration. Histopathological and immunological analyses showed diffuse atypical plasma cell infiltration with prominent staining for CD138 of the gastric mucosa. Relapsing multiple myeloma was diagnosed. This case illustrates a very atypical presentation of recurrence multiple myeloma and should be kept in mind in a patients with atypical gastric pain, especially those with a history of hematologic malignancy.

This study was carried out to examine the proximate and mineral contents of an edible mushroom, P.sajor-caju in Ekiti State, Nigeria at different stages of development. The mushroom was cultivated on sterilized wood shavings and the fruit bodies were harvested at four stages corresponding to 7, 21, 35 and 49 days after fruiting. The proximate and mineral contents of the mushroom were determined using standard methods. After forty nine days of fruiting, the contents (%) of moisture and crude fiber increased from 90.47 to 94.00 and 0.06 to 0.21 respectively while the contents of protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate and energy (kcal/100g) reduced from 1.21to 0.74, 0.1 to 0.08, 1.07 to 0.69, 7.09 to 5.97 and 32.33 to 25.71 respectively. The mushroom exhibited different variation patterns in their mineral contents with advancing age. The contents (mg/100g) of Mg, Fe and Cu decreased with age while that of K, P, Ca and Zn increased with age. Age had no effect on the content of Mn. This suggests that the recommended harvesting stages would be determined by the particular mineral deficiency being addressed. However, results of the proximate analysis suggest that the mushroom should be harvested early in order not to compromise the nutritional quality.

Eyelid scars usually aren’t thick, but they’re important because they inhibit the movement of small, delicate structures. For concerns, both cosmetic and functional, post-traumatic scarring of eyelids and periorbital area can pose a challenge for ophthalmologists. But the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) offers a versatile option for approaching this common problem. 5-FU injections given at the first sign of contracture can help minimize scar tissue and dramatically improve eyelid function. Given its proven and long-standing track record in oncology, off-label applications of 5-FU have expanded in recent years into orbital and adnexal efforts to modify keloids and hypertrophic scars.

Intestinal parasitic infections have been described as the greatest single globalcause of disease and illness.A survey of prevalence of intestinal parasites among the native Libyan people attending several health centers (governmental and private) in the city of Zawia. The study was designed to cover the period of 2010-2015. Stool tests from 12,850 patients was performed. 8950 specimens of the 12,850 examined were found to be infected with intestinal parasites. The infection rates were 69.6% among the native population. The rate of infection in females (65%) was higher than in males (34.9%). Overall, protozoa infections (92.4%) were higher thanhelminths infections (7.6%). Entamoeba histolytica (60.70%) and Giardia lamblia (31.73%) were the most common intestinal parasites identified. Among the helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichiuris trichiura and Hymenolepis nana were the frequentones. The high prevalence rate of intestinal parasitic infections among the local Libyan people clearly indicates that there is continuous ongoing transmission of various parasitic infections in the community.

The arrangement of vascular tissues differs in the root and shoots in angiosperms. The root has a solid triarch or tetrarch exarch xylem whereas the stems possess endarch xylem made of individual vascular bundles arranged in a ring form. A continuous flow of water and minerals is not disrupted in spite of this difference in the arrangement of xylem tissue in the two organs. This happens because of a transition region extending from the upper portion of the root, ending in either the hypocotyl or epicotyl where a gradual alteration in the arrangement of the xylem tissue occurs. The aim of the study was to investigate the extent of transition region and the structural anatomy of xylem in the transition region of three tropical legume species viz. Vigna radiata, V. unguiculata (red variety) and Cicer arietinum. Sequential transverse sections from the base of the root, hypocotyl and epicotyl were obtained from five day old seedlings of the three selected legumes, stained with safranin and viewed under the light microscope. Sections were digitally photographed. In all the three species studied, the transition region commenced a few millimeters below the soil surface. In Vigna radiata and Vigna unguiculata it ended in the hypocotyl region above the soil surface whereas in Cicer arietinum it ended in the epicotyl region. The beginning of transition region showed appearance of a pith in the center of the xylem core. Gradual widening of pith resulted in separation of xylem tissue. This was followed by reorientation of exarch to endarch xylem. A variation in the structural anatomy of xylem among the three species was also observed in the length of transition region and structural anatomy of xylem.

Possible Effect of Citrus Limon Juice and Tamoxifen on the Tumour growth mass Indices, Cell Proliferation, Cell Viability and Cytogenetic (Mitotic Index) of Sprague Dawley Rats Induced MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells was carried using, over one hundred and twenty Sprague dawley rats of 40 days old with average body weight 180-220g were divided into Ten (10) groups with 12 animals per group, group 1 was control, fed only with rat chow and water, group 2 was MCF-7 cell line induced Breast cancer rat alone (BCIR only), group 3 Citrus limon juice (CLJ) at 8.88%, Group 4 Citrus limon juicen (CLJ) at 17.32%, group 5 Citrus limon juice (CLJ) at 25.98%, group 6 was given 0.2mg/kg of Tamoxifen alone, group 7 (BCIR+ CLJ at 8.88%), group 8 (BCIR+ CLJ at 17.32%), group 9 (BCIR+CLJ at 25.98%) and group (BCIR+ 0.2mg/kg of Tamoxifen). Acute and sub – acute toxicity were carried out after the establishment of safety dose following determination of LD50, on the fresh Citrus limon juice, Tumour growth mass Indices were carrying out on weekly basis on the experimental rats, on completion of the administration of the treatments, animals were sacrificed, Blood was collected into Plain and hepariniced bottles simultaneously for Cytogenetic (Mitotic Index) analysis, Tumour tissues were also extracted, passaged and cells were cultured and analysed for Cell Proliferation and Cell Viability assays. Microscopically, it was revealed that DMSO at 1.5% was highly toxic to the MCF-7 cells and other components of media, meanwhile the Citrus limon juice at 8.88%, 17.32% and 25.98% showed minimum cell growth inhibition of MCF-7 cell lines and permit cell viability at 40%, 25% and 10% respectively without any effect on the media components. In conclusion, this study showed that Citrus limon juice posses anticancer activities and does not pose pathological conditions on the body during and after usage, hence it could be used as alternative therapy in the treatment of Breast cancer that are hormonal dependant in similar manner to Tamoxifen.

Ovarian pregnancy accounts for 2 to 3% of ectopic pregnancies. It is independent of other usual extra uterine pregnancy risk factors. Its physiopathology remains unclear; it can evolve until the second trimester or even term. The diagnosis is difficult; it is often made perioperatively and confirmed by histology. Despite the progress of medical treatment, surgery remains the best way for therapeutic management. We report a case of paucisymptomatic ovarian pregnancy successfully managed at the Moroccan Military Field Hospital in the Zaatari Camp with a literature review

Hepatitis E is due to hepatitis E virus which causes the inflammation of the liver. It is the most common type of the virus among hepatitis A, B, C and D. Hepatitis E is virus that cause the millions of the infection in year. It is more acute in the pregnant women. It is so lethal and dangerous for those women. Hepatitis E is virus that is the major cause of the illness and is a reason of the major disproportionation of the death especially in the pregnant women. Hepatitis E is a most common types among all the types of the hepatitis A, B, C and D. It is mostly found in the Asia, Northern and Central Africa. There are the many reason through which it spreads. There are the many treatments are available for hepatitis E. But some are the use of the clean water. Use the food that is clean and there is no contamination in the food.

A new field of biomedical science, known as tissue engineering, applies the principles of biology and engineering to the development of functional substitutes for tissues and organs. The influence of Keratinised Mucosa dimension around implants on the soft and hard tissue health. The purpose of this case report is to understand the importance of healthy tissue around the implants for long term success and how biomimetic materials like PRF Membrane can be incorporated in treatment plan as an important modality in selected cases.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and Machiavellianism on Malaysian and international university students. The sample population consisted of 755 students (352 international and 403 local students) that were selected through multi-phase clustering at a Malaysian university. The instruments used were the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO FFI), Mack IV, and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Data was analysed by means of two-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The outcome of the two-way ANOVA showed that neuroticism, agreeableness, and overall mental health and its subscale were significantly different between male and female students. A strong correlation was found between mental health, neuroticism, and Machiavellianism in both groups. According to the regression analysis, neuroticism held the highest effect on students’ mental health in both groups.

Maxillectomy is one of the most common procedures performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Various classification systems exist in literature to describe the surgical defect, left behind after maxillectomy. Success in Maxillofacial defects depends on the principles of facial harmony, retention, durability, tissue compatibility & tolerance. The Velopharynx is tridimensional muscular valve located between the oral and nasal cavities, consisting of lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls and the soft palate & controls the passage of air. Cleft palate is the most common cause of velopharyngeal insufficiency. Velopharyngeal insufficiency may take place when the velopharyngeal valve is unable to perform its own closing, due to lack of tissue or lack of proper movement. Treatment options include surgical correction, prosthetic rehabilitation & speech therapy; though optimal results often require a multidisciplinary approach for the restoration of anatomical and physiological defects. This article is a case report of the treatment procedure done for a young patient with cleft palate and velopharyngeal insufficiency.

Background & objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common disorder of ovarian pathology in women of reproductive age group Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia may play an important role in pathophysiology of PCOS. To estimate fasting plasma glucose, plasma insulin levels, insulin resistance and lipid profile in obese and non obese female infertile women with PCOS. To study the association between insulin resistance, lipid profile and obesity in female infertility in PCOS. Methods: 30 obese infertile women diagnosed by ultrasonogram as PCOS and with a BMI> 30Kg/m2attending Gynecology OPD at Narayana medical college and hospital were taken as cases. 30 age matched non obese infertile women with a BMI<30Kg/ m2 were taken as controls. Results: In our study the fasting glucose, fasting plasma insulin values and insulin resistance was significantly elevated among cases when compared to controls (P value <0.001). The Mean ± S.D values of LDL cholesterol were elevated in cases when compared to controls (P value <0.001). Interpretation & conclusions: This clearly shows the importance of screening for dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in Indian Women with PCOS. Hence periodic monitoring of lipid profile and B.P specially for obese PCOS patients may be advised.