This study aims to examine the influence of external and internal factors on the price of the company's coal mining subsector for the period 2015-2017. The independent variable used in this study consisted of exchange rate, coal prices, inflation, DER, and ROE. The research sample consisted of 18 coal mining subsector companies. The method of analysis uses panel regression analysis. The results showed that exchange rate and coal price partially had a significant effect on the coal stock price with a 95% confidence level, ROE partially had a significant effect on the coal stock price with a 90% confidence level, while inflation and DER has no significant effect. to the coal stock price. The exchange rate, coal prices, inflation, DER, and ROE simultantly influence the coal stock price, with a determination coefficient of 10.64%.

Fungal infections from the Candida have significant cause of blood stream infection. This is troublesome among those who have been hospitalized with serious underlying diseases or those who are immunocompromised. To know the prevalence and types of Candida species in blood stream infection and their antifungal susceptibility pattern. The study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, PDU Medical College, Rajkot from September 2015 to August 2016. Total number of samples are 207. Blood culture specimens were collected and processed for, culture on SDA and HCDA, Slide culture, Gram stain, Germ tube. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby Bauer method as per the CLSI guidelines. 58 (28.01%) Candida spp. [C. tropicalis (18), C. glabrata(14), C. gullermondii(12), C. parapsilosis(10), C. albicans(4)] were isolated from 207 specimens. Out of these, 203 (98.06%) from NICU/PICU and 4 (1.93%) from Skin ward, predominantly Males (57.97%). The isolates sensitivite to Voriconazole (100%), Fluconazole (98.88%), followed by Ketoconazole (73.03%) and Clotrimazole (68.62%). Maximum resistance observed to Amphotericin B, Nystatin, Miconazole, Itraconazole. Candidemia is major cause of mortality due to lack of antifungal therapy. Blood stream infections by Candida species have shown highest rates of inappropriate therapy among all BSIs. Strategies are needed to rapidly identify cases of candidemia who are already suffering from serious underlying disease and develop rapid diagnostic technology that widely available and cost effective. By knowing Antifungal susceptibility pattern, patients who are at increased risk for developing nosocomial candidemia should be treated early with empiric therapy that reduced unnecessary patient mortality.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the cephalometric skeletal and dental norm for orthognathic surgery for North Indian population using Burstone’s analysis and to test the hypothesis that there are racial and ethnic differences in cephalometric measurements between North Indian and Caucasians. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 young adults which consists of 66 males and 54 females, 18 26 years with well-balanced facial profile and minimum arch length discrepancies were chosen for the study. Lateral cephalograms with teeth in maximum intercuspation were recorded and analyzed with AutoCeph software. The mean values of cephalometric skeletal and dental variables of COGS (Cephalometrics for Orthognathic surgery analysis) analysis for North Indian males and females were compared with those Caucasians. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Statistical Analysis: The statistical difference in the values of parameters between males and females of North Indian population was analyzed using unpair ‘t’ test whereas the difference between the study population and Caucasians was analyzed using one sample t test. Results: All the cephalometric parameters were found significantly less except convexity angle, maxillary and mandibular dental proclinations, occlusal plane angle. Maxilla and mandible was found prognathic and greater chin prominence in North Indian population compared to Caucasians. Conclusion: Significant difference in the cephalometric characteristics were found between Caucasians and North Indian population. Gender and racial/ethnic differences should be considered for diagnosis and treatment planning for orthognathic surgery for North Indian population.

Background: Endometrial carcinomas accounts for 4-8% of all gynaecological malignancies. Over the past 30 years, many genes which cause cancer have been identified in endometrial carcinoma and hyperplasias. Recently, many studies have shown that the most frequently variable expression gene in endometrial carcinoma is PTEN (Phosphatase and TENsilon homologue) tumor suppressor gene which is mutated in about 30 - 50% of endometrial carcinomas. Identification of inactivated PTEN gene is a very important step in the early diagnosis of endometrial carcinomas and hyperplasias. This study was carried out to evaluate the expression of PTEN in the precursor lesions of endometrial carcinoma in peri-menopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 3634 samples of endometrial tissue were received in the department during the period of 5 years (Jan 2008 to Dec 2012). Of these formalin fixed and paraffin embedded 100 cases of endometrial hyperplasia from perimenopausal women with abnormal bleeding were retrieved and reviewed. PTEN immunohistochemical staining was done and analyzed. Results: Simple hyperplasia without atypia was the most common precursor lesion in perimenopausal women. PTEN expression was significantly higher in immunoreactivity and intensity in simple hyperplasia without atypia. Complex hyperplasia with atypia showed significantly lower immunoreactivity and intensity of PTEN expression. Conclusion: Our study recommends PTEN expression by immunohistochemistry, in all endometrial hyperplasias in the biopsy specimens which is a simple and cost effective technique when compared to other molecular studies.

The strategy is a plan, implementation, and control in achieving long-term goals. Strategic management is an effort to achieve certain goals through the activities of others so that coordination is needed for the activities of planning, staffing, directing, and controlling in the long run. This study aims to develop a strategy for implementing the operational department procedures at the company PT "X" which has been standardized in the standard operating procedures integrated with computer programs. The research method used in this study is a qualitative analysis method trough interview, observation and documents. The result of analysis are operating procedures Standard of PT”X” are prepared in accordance with ISO 9001 requirements including: Control of Documents and Data (article 5), Process Control (article 9), Inspection and Testing (article 15), Identification and Product Traceability (article 18). The operating procedure standard of PT “X” is using: a. Job and activity, b. Format, c. Quality control. Standard of Operating Procedure for Marketing Division at PT. "X" consists of: Standard of Operating Procedures for Selling Consumer Shipping Services as follow: 1) Standard of Operating Procedures for Selling Consumer Services. 2) Standard of Operating Procedure for Making Shipping Services Cooperation Contracts. 3) Standard of Operating Procedure for Contract Cancellation. 4) Standard of Operating Procedure for Delay Fines. 5) Operational Standards Report Making Procedures and Performance Reporting Marketing Division. The Operating Procedure Standard of Document Management Divisipn as follow: 1) Standard Operational Procedure for Arranging the Decent Approval/Permit Document (SPB or letter of approval for shipping). 2) Standard of Operating Procedure for Document Management in the Transportation Department. 3) Standard of Operating Procedure for Port Document Management. 4) Standard of Operating Procedure for report making and performance document management division

Fermented milk products such as yoghurts can be produced without the addition of any stabilizers. However, some sedimentation of the milk solids would occur in the products (especially drink-type products) and has to be accepted, especially if the shelf-life of the product is more than one week. Sedimentation can, however, be avoided by the addition of stabilizer(s). Pectin has been established as a stabilizing agent in cultured milk products. However, the pectin used is majorly extracted from apple pomace and citrus peels. With the increase in production of processed fruit products, the amount of fruit wastes generated is increasing enormously. Large amount of these wastes poses the problem of disposal without causing environmental pollution. These wastes can be effectively disposed by manufacturing useful by-products from them and one such product is pectin. The peel of passion fruit, for example, constitutes about half of the fruit mass. Given the background of numerous studies which have been carried out on the extraction and characterization of pectin from tropical fruit sources, it is, therefore, necessary to formulate yoghurt stabilized with pectin from these sources and to evaluate its performance in yoghurt. The study was carried out to evaluate pectin extracts from jackfruit and passion fruit peels and their performance in yoghurt production.

This study aims to examine the direct influence of organizational culture (X1), leadership style (X2) and job satisfaction (X3) on the performance of principals (X4). The correlative descriptive quantitative research methods will explore information about organizational culture with leadership styles in achieving job satisfaction for high school teachers and staff on the performance of principals in Riau Islands Province. Variable data were obtained through the instruments of 35 variable items with Likert scales score in rank 1–5. Management of Islamic Education Institutions implements Organizational Culture with effective and efficient leadership styles. Supervision continues to be carried out by implementers of education, government, and end users, as an effort to improve the quality of national education and the quality of the quality of Indonesian society carried out in a sustainable manner. It utilized not only the science, the technology in advances but paid the attention to global challenges as well. The Islamic education management system is a coordinative, systematic and integrative process. The process starts with organizing planning, mobilizing, and monitoring. Based on the results of the variable calculation together affecting the performance of the principal (X4) obtained a value of 91% so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. It can be concluded that organizational culture, leadership style, and job satisfaction have a significant influence on the performance of the principal

Blood is a lifesaving resource; it can be infused to a needy patient from a healthy donor after proper screening and cross matching. Infected blood is also a source of transfusion transmissible infections particularly Hepatitis B & C, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Malaria and syphilis. Stringent screening of each blood unit donated reduces the prevalence rate up to some extent. The objective of this study is to know the seroprevalence of HBsAg among the blood donors in a tertiary care hospital. It is a prospective study done for 3 years between January 2016 and December 2018 with a sample size of 55,376 donors. The overall prevalence among the blood donors in this study was 3.58 % and is more among the replacement donors within the age group 18-40 years. To reduce the prevalence of HBsAg blood transfusion services should be stringent in selecting a donor; proper pre and post donation counseling should be given to the donor. Implementation of more sensitive tests such as NAT for HBV that detects HBV infection earlier during the window period will further decrease the risk of transfusion transmitted HBV and improve the blood safety.

Background: Endometriosis affects approximately 6%–10% of women of reproductive-aged. Pain is the common symptoms associated with endometriosis and manifests as dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and/or dyschezia, can be debilitating. Aims and Objectives: To find out the association between type and degree of pelvic pain with the Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification system. Materials and Methods: Thirty women with endometriosis were studied in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Pain intensity was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and a score of 1-3, 4-6 and ≥7 is classified as mild, moderate and severe pelvic pain. Disease was staged as per the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) classification system in grade I to Grade IV and pain severity was compared. Results: Mean age of study cohort was 30 ±5.75 years. Majority of the women with endometriosis were in stage III (36.66%), stage IV (30%) and stage II (23.33%). Distribution of type of pain across the ASRM stages was insignificant (p >0.05). Distribution of visual analogue scale for pain with ASRM Staging was statistically significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: We did not find any association between type of pain and ASRM stages however severity of pain has a significant association with ASRM stages.

Context: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are also known as chronic diseases, because they tend to be of long duration. Detection, screening, treatment and palliative care, are the key components of the response to NCDs. Aim: To know the prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in rural and urban districts of Etawah. Setting and design: It is a community based cross sectional study among person aged between 25-64 years residing in the rural and urban areas of district Etawah. Methods and material: WHO STEPS approach was used. Statistical analysis: The collected data was analysed using SPSS Inc. version 23.0, Chicago. Results: In the study almost half of the subjects were males. Prevalence of current tobacco users, alcohol users, insufficient use of fruits and vegetables and physical inactivity were found 42.4%, 22.0%, 92.8%, 51.1% in rural areas and 25.4%, 19.8%, 84.8% and 54.9% in urban areas respectively. Prevalence of included overweight, obesity, increased waist circumference, raised systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found 32.2%, 11%, 26.1%, 14.8% and 19.7% in rural areas and 42%, 21.2%, 49.2%, 14.4%, 18.9% in urban areas respectively. Prevalence of self-reported diabetes and hypertension in rural areas were 2.27%, 9.47% and in urban areas 4.92% and 10.98% respectively. Conclusion: Healthy lifestyle changes should be encouraged in order to reduce modifiable risk factors.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Financial Services Authority's circular letter number 14 / SEOJK.03 / 2017 concerning the health level of regional government-owned banks through a comparative analysis between Bank DKI Jakarta (“Bank DKI”) and Regional Development Bank Jawa Tengah (“BPD Jawa Tengah”) in 2017, the soundness level of PT BPD Jawa Tengah before implementation (2016) and after implementation (2017) and the soundness level of Bank DKI before implementation (2016) and after implementation (2017). The method used in this study is RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, Capital), while the long-term goal is modeling the financial performance strategy of the Regional Development Bank. The results of this study shows that the comparison of the performance of Bank DKI and PT BPD Jawa Tengah in 2017 are not significant difference; the comparison of the performance of PT BPD Jawa Tengah are not significant difference for 2016 and 2017, but the comparison the performance of Bank DKI for 2016 and 2017 are significant difference. The implementation of Circular Letter Number 14 / SEOJK.03 / 2017 regional development banks period 2016 (before) and 2017 (after), shows that the assessment of financial performance of PT BPD Jawa Tengah are not significant difference, however the assessment of financial performance of Bank DKI are significant difference. In 2017 after the implementation of Circular Letter Number 14 / SEOJK.03 / 2017 the results shows that the comparison of the performance of PT BPD Jawa Tengah and Bank DKI are not significant difference.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracyclin antitumor antibiotic closely related to the natural product daunomycin. The most dangerous side effect of DOX is cardiomyopathy leading to congestive heart failure. This study aimed to investigate the cardiotoxicity of DOX by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK-MB) enzymes, and troponin I level in serum, and measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the heart muscle tissue. Sixty BALB/c male mice were used in this study. Except for mice in the control group, each mouse was implanted subcutaneously with 0.2 ml of the ascites fluid containing 1x106 Ehrlich carcinoma cells (ECCs) into the right thigh of the hind limb of a mouse. The total period of the experiment was 49 days (7 days before and 42 days after tumor inoculation). Mice were randomly divided into three groups (20 mice per each group) as follows: Group 1: Control group, in which mice received an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 0.2 ml normal saline once weekly on days 0, 7, 14, 21 (for 21 days). Group 2: Solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) control group, in which mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 ml normal saline once weekly on days 0, 7, 14, 21 (for 21 days) starting one hour after tumor inoculation. Group 3: DOX group, in which mice received DOX (4 mg/kg, i.p.) once weekly on days 0, 7, 14, 21 (for 21 days) starting one hour after tumor inoculation. The results of this study showed that, treatments with an intraperitoneal injection of DOX lead to increase of myocardial infarction markers as serum LDH, CK-MB enzyme activities, and Troponin I level. MDA increases in cardiac tissue homogenate in treated mice with DOX. It can be concluded that DOX treatment of male mice inoculated with SEC Tumor induced a myocardial infarction. Therefore, cancer patients treat with DOX should be checked the serum LDH, CK-MB enzyme activities, and Troponin I level during treatment to avoid myocardial infarction.

Arbitration, the contractual alternative of dispute settlement, though it has scored greater efficiency and become a venerable mode of dispute settlement in this business world; it has been encumbered by court intervention, nowadays. Court intervention is appropriate and justified almost in all jurisdictions in different degrees and contexts. However, unless its justifications, instances, and extent are well stipulated and fettered under national arbitration law, unwarranted interventions could restrain arbitration proceedings so that parties’ whished benefits and interests remain in vain. Therefore, this article is going to deal with rationalities, instances, and the extent of court intervention in arbitration proceedings. In doing so, it strives to divulge the extent of court intervention under international and Ethiopian arbitration laws. For this, the article uncovered that Ethiopian arbitration law is exposed to unwarranted and inimical court intervention in arbitration proceedings. There are premature court interventions and broader judicial review circumstances under the Civil Procedure Code and the Civil Code of Ethiopia. Underscoring the existence of the higher extent of court intervention instances, this article also tried to pinpoint solutions calling for an optimal extent of court intervention in arbitration proceedings. In doing so, parties can have a fair degree of autonomy and freedom guaranteeing and underpinning an efficient arbitration system. Last, as a way forward, the article has also called, including ratification of the New York Convention (1958), modification of the Ethiopian arbitration law in light of the modern arbitration laws from the international arbitration laws, foreign jurisdictions, and arbitration rules of renowned arbitral institutions.

Background: Doxorubicin is used for treatment of solid tumors blood cancers, however, its cardiotoxicity, cardiomyopathy, and congestive heart failure, are the major limitation of its use. Doxorubicin treatment induces inflammation in various cancer cell lines. Exposure urothelial cells to doxorubicin (DOX) show an increase in IL-1β and prostaglandin E2, similarly, studies have shown that high IL-8, TNF-α and NFκB. This study aimed to investigate the effects of doxorubicin treatment of inflammatory and prooncogen mediators in heart muscle and tumor tissue. Methods: Sixty BALB/c male mice were used in this study. Except for mice in the control group, each mouse was implanted subcutaneously with 0.2 ml of the ascites fluid containing 1x106 Ehrlich carcinoma cells (ECCs) into the thigh of the hind limb. Mice were divided into three groups (20 mice per group) as follow: Control group, in which mice received an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 0.2 ml normal saline once weekly on days 0, 7, 14, 21 (for 21 days), Solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) control group, in which mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 ml normal saline once weekly on days 0, 7, 14, 21 (for 21 days) starting one hour after tumor inoculation, DOX group, in which mice received DOX (4 mg/kg, i.p.) once weekly on days 0, 7, 14, 21 (for 21 days) starting one hour after tumor inoculation. Results: administration of DOX to ECCs-bearing mice resulted in a significant increase in cardiac tissue IL-6 level by 4 folds compared to the control group and subcutaneous implantation of ECCs resulted in a significant increase IL-6 in tumor tissue. Administration of DOX to ECCs-bearing mice resulted in a significant decrease in tumor tissue IL-6 and TNF-α levels. SEC group showed a significant increase in tumor tissue SphK1 activity compared to the control group and administration of DOX ECCs-bearing mice resulted in the non-significant effect on the tumor tissue SphK1 activity. Conclusion: Treatment with DOX, leads to increase in inflammatory mediators as, IL-6 and TNF-α, in cardiac muscle tissue amelioration of these parameters in tumor tissue. SphK1 enzyme activity was increased by tumor induction.

Background and Aim: Anemia is a common and serious complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite the use of erythropoietin, anemia of CKD can be resistant to therapy. Hepcidin is the main iron regulatory hormone; increased hepcidin production during chronic inflammation interferes with iron absorption, prevents iron recycling leading to hypoferremia and iron-restricted erythropoiesis. Our study aims to evaluate the role of serum hepcidin in predicting the response to erythropoietin (EPO) therapy in children with CKD on regular hemodialysis. Subjects and methods: a cross sectional comparative study included 40 children with CKD on regular hemodialysis who received EPO therapy for at least 3 months and 40 age and sex matched healthy children. Assessment of anemia and iron profile before and after 3 months of EPO therapy and was correlated to the serum level of hepcidin. Results: in comparison to healthy controls, CKD children have significant anemia and high hepcidin level. CKD children have CKD children with high hepcidin level have significant lower hemoglobin and impaired response to EPO therapy in comparison to those with normal hepcidin level (P-value <0.005). There was significant negative correlation between serum hepcidin level and HB, HCT and iron level in children with CKD. Conclusion: children with CKD on regular dialysis have higher hepcidin level that interferes with the response of anemia to EPO therapy suggesting functional defect in iron utilization among those children