The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in freshly hot mixed asphalt (HMA) can save on material costs, preserve energy, and protect the environment. Employing limited amount of RAP in the production of asphalt mixes can result in similar performance as normal mixtures. However, adding more RAP can reduce the HMA’s mixing efficiency and could make the asphalt mixture more susceptible to fatigue and low-temperature cracking. Vegetable oil can act as a rejuvenator and reduce the HMA deficiencies with a high RAP percentage. This study investigated the potential effect of two vegetable oils; namely soybean oil (SOY) and sunflower oil (SnF), as rejuvenators on the properties of asphalt binders that contain 40% of RAP binder. To determine the optimum dosage of the rejuvenators (SOY and SnF), the properties of the rejuvenated RAP binders were carried out by conducting the penetration, softening point, viscosity, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests. The test results indicated that vegetable oils could provide better fatigue and low-temperature cracking resistance with acceptable rutting performance. Furthermore, it is observed that, for the abovementioned properties, the addition of the 6%SOY and 3%SnF were more feasible in restoring the 40RAP binder to its original properties.

This study investigated the influence of innovative assessment on quality education in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted the correlation research design. The population for the study was made up of all the teachers in the senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The proportionate stratified simple random sampling technique was used to draw 300 teachers as the sample size of the study. The instrument for data collection was titled “Influence of Innovative Assessment on Quality Education (INAQE)” designed by the researcher. The instrument was validated by experts in instrument designers, Quality Assurance and Measurement and Evaluation. In the internal consistency of the instrument the RULON statistical technique was used. Five research questions were answered using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) while the five hypotheses were tested by transforming the scores to t-test statistics at 5% probability level. The results showed significant relationship between teachers’ innovative assessment of, for and as learning and quality education, teachers’ innovative assessment skills and quality education, teachers’ non-uniformity in the innovative assessment techniques and quality education, teachers’ innovative assessment of large class size and quality education. Consequently, recommendation such as teachers to employ the use of innovative assessment of, for and as learning, Federal and States ministries of education to commence the training of teachers on innovative assessment to enhance quality education.

The purpose of this study is to describe the influence of: the role of parents with independence, the role of parents with social behavior, parenting styles of parents with independence, parenting patterns with children's social behavior, social behavior with independence, the role of parents with independence through social behavior., and parenting style with independence through social behavior. The research sample consisted of 186 children aged 5-6 years in TK Gugus Kemuning, Central Banjarmasin District. The results showed: (1) that the role of the parents, the role of the parents and the independence, was in the high category, the parenting style of the parents tended to use democratic parenting and social behavior was in the medium category; there is influence; There is an influence of the role of parents on social behavior by; (2) There is an effect of parenting style on social behavior of 0.336; (3) There is an effect of the role of parents on independence of 0.288; (4) There is an effect of parenting style on independence of 0.258; (5) There is an effect of social behavior on independence of 0.218; (6) There is an effect of the role of parents on independence through social behavior of 0.119. (7) There is an effect of parenting style on independence through social behavior of 0.073.

A study was conducted for the isolation and identification of soil micro-flora in rhizosphere of B. racemosa (L.) Spreng and R. serpentine (L.) Benth. ex Kurz, trees from Western Ghats region of Uttar Kannada, Karnataka, India. Soil samples were collected from rhizosphere of B. racemosa and R. serpentine plants, during the months of February 2022. Soil microbes were isolated by using soil dilution technique. The total number of bacteria isolated from B. racemose and R. serpentinais rhizosphere is 2,666,600 and 4,461,160 per gram of soil respectively. The rhizospheric fungal isolates present in B. racemosa and R. serpentina plants is 3,281,200 and 1,946,200 per gram of soil respectively. In B. racemosa rhizosphere, the percentage contribution is Penicillium sp with 13.679%, In R. serpentine rhizosphere, the highest percentage contribution is Cladosporium sp., Trichoderma sp.with17.663% and 17.391% respectively. In rhizosphere of B. racemose, 19 different species belonging to 15 genera were isolated; among which Penicillium species is dominating over other fungal species isolated. In rhizosphere of R. serpentina, 18 different species belonging to 11 genera were observed; among which Trichoderma sp.is dominating over other fugal species isolates. The most frequently isolated fungi from the rhizosperes of B. racemosa and R. serpentine plants are Penicillium sp and Trichoderma sp.For the first time the rhizospheric micro-flora i.e., bacteria and fungi was reported from B. racemose soil sample collected from Western Ghats region of Uttara Kannada. For the first time the rhizospheric myco-flora was reported from R. serpentine soil samples collected from Western Ghats region of Uttara Kannada. All the bacteria and fungi isolated was new report to Wester Ghats region of Uttar Kannada, Karnataka, India.

The testimony of witnesses as one of the most important proofs of a lawsuit is effective in both court and arbitration cases. This article examines the acceptance of witness testimony and its process in cyberspace, as well as how intuition is Challenge in Iranian law and some legal systems. In this article, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method. The authors intend to discuss the Hearing the testimony of witnesses in cyberspace arbitration comparatively in US, European and Iranian arbitration systems. And in continuation of the legal and judicial validity of this method of hearing testimony, as well as how to denial witnesses, and finally the opportunities and challenges in the process of hearing witnesses in cyberspace arbitration should be examined.

Glucose uptake by the Sertoli cells of the testes is essential for spermatogenesis. Diabetes mellitus (DM) alters the uptake and utilization of glucose by the testicular cells. This manifests as one of the causes of male subfertility/infertility in diabetes mellitus. With onset of complications even before diagnosis, especially in developing countries, there may be need for therapy beyond the standard therapy. Five normal and twenty diabetic male rats were assigned into groups as follows; normal control had five normal rats with access to food and water only. DM group had five diabetic rats with no treatment. DM and insulin group had five diabetic rats and given subcutaneous insulin twice daily. DM and zinc group had five diabetic rats and given 10mg/kg oral zinc. The final group had five diabetic rats and given both insulin and zinc as above. Treatments in all cases only commenced after fourteen days. Testes were harvested after ten days of treatment for assay. DM decreased both glucose and lactate in the testes. Insulin and zinc improved the uptake of glucose and its utilization as evident in increased production of lactate.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most ancient disease of mankind and is one the ten major cause of mortality worldwide particularly in developing countries. It is an infectious disease caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It usually affect the lungs but can also affect other organs of body. Inspite of various measures taken to eliminate the TB by Govt .of India by 2025. The trend of TB cases and drug resistant cases in India is very disturbing .The article is compiled with the objective to study the present status and challenges in India with special reference to Jammu and Kashmir.

Signet-ring cell carcinomas are malignant tumors that may affect the stomach and the colon, but extrahepatic bile duct localization is rare. Here we present a case (a 56-year-old Moroccan woman), without either pancreato-biliary mal-junction or liver disease. The patient had obstructive jaundice. Morphological studies by MRI and ERCP revealed a bile duct tumor obstructing the common bile duct and invading gallbladder and hepatic hilum. Pathological examination revealed a carcinoma containing signet-ring cells. The evolution was characterized by rapid disease progression; the patient died in about five months. The case of our patient is among the rare cases described in the mainly Asian literature, and the first case reported in North Africa.

The introduction of nanotechnology into our world has ushered in a slew of changes and provided a wealth of knowledge that has fuelled progress in many sectors of existence. Recent advances in nanotechnology have shown the importance of metal oxide nanoparticles due to their potentials in different sectors, particularly in nanomedicine and related biomedical fields. Metal oxide nanoparticles (MOx-NPs) such as titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs), copper oxide, silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and Iron oxide have gained a lot of prominence as a result of their unique properties. Metal and MOx-NPs based nanoparticles are being employed to create a novel antibacterial drug formulation, which is a revolutionary and ground breaking method to drug discovery and development. Different methods are employed for the synthesis of these nanoparticles of which green synthesis is found to be a better option. It involves the use of plant extracts which is a non-toxic solvent. Green materials offer a variety of advantages, such as low energy consumption and the capacity to operate under moderate operating conditions (such as pressure and high temperature) without the use of harmful chemicals or catalysts. Therefore, more research efforts should be geared toward the advancement of this important technology.

Fermentation processes have become a common practice for overproduction of amino acids nowadays as it is cheaper and easier than other processes for commercial production of methionine and other essential amino acids. Methionine is a sulfur-containing essential amino acid required in the diet of humans and other animals for normal growth and functions of the body. It is widely used in feed, pharmaceutical and food industries. The research was focused on fermentative production of Methionine by Bacillus cereus isolated from soil. Methionine was produced under optimized conditions (Temperature, pH, Incubation time and agitation rate) using one factor at a time (OFAT). Optimum methionine yield of (4.520 mg/mL) was obtained at temperature of 35oC, pH of 7.5, and agitation rate of 125 rpm and incubation time of 96 h using OFAT. Characterization of methionine produced using Bacillus cereus shows similar properties with the commercially produced methionine by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) which shows the amino and carbonyl group spectrum at 1640 cm-1 and 3257 cm-1 respectively. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed a band of methionine produced by bacillus cereus aligned with the commercial methionine.

Introduction: Hanging is a very common method of suicide in Bangladesh as well as around the globe. The rate of suicide cases by hanging is increasing daily in Bangladesh. Suicide by hanging means killing oneself intentionally by suspending themselves from an anchor point by a ligature or by jumping from a height with a noose around the neck. As hanging is a simple method that does not require any complicated techniques, and the materials are also easy to come by, many choose this as their suicide method. The objective of this study was to observe the demography of hanging cases, its distribution according to age group, sex, and common ligature materials used by victims, observe post-mortem findings, and in this way, try to identify the causes and develop the preventive measures that are essential to reduce death due to hanging. Methods: This was a retrospective study done on the basis of the 3rd copy of postmortem reports preserved at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Pabna Medical College Hospital, Pabna, Bangladesh from January 2018 to December 2018 for the period of 1 year with proper permission from the autopsy surgeon. Result: 72% of the suicide victims were female, and 53% of those 115 victims were married. Most of the victims were from the age group of 21-30 years. Marital disharmony was the biggest common cause. The commonly used ligature material was Orna (dupatta). Conclusion: The number of deaths by suicide is on a rise, and to reduce this, a well-designed program is needed. This can help identify the causative factors f suicide by hanging and could help in preventing suicide cases.

The increase in the population in a city and the development of development in all fields will result in increased water demand. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase the availability of clean water which will be useful for improving people's welfare. This research was conducted to examine more deeply related to access to clean water in slum communities by examining the problems 1) how much access to clean water and how to get clean water; 2) how much clean water is available; and 3) how much clean water is needed. The study was conducted in four villages in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia, namely Sawah Lama Village, Sukamenanti Baru Village, Kota Sepang Village, and Rajabasa Pemuka Village. Data were collected through a process of observation, interviews, and analysis of secondary data, such as village data, population numbers, and others. The data were then analyzed using triangulation techniques to obtain a comprehensive and valid picture. The results of this study indicate that the greatest need for clean water is found in the Sawah Lama village at 27,021.40 liters/day. Information was also obtained that the highest use of access to clean water was drilled wells with a user percentage of 84.37% in Sukamenanti Baru Village, 69.40% in Sawah Lama Village, 74% in Kota Sepang Village, and 100% in Rajabasa Pemuka Village. The availability of water based on calculations is still sufficient, but for Kota Sepang Village there is a shortage during the dry season.

Introduction: The solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a rare disorder of the rectal wall and its course is chronic but always benign. The therapeutic management of SRUS remains a challenge and relies on a multidisciplinary management. The objective of our study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of SRUS in a Moroccan series. Materials and Methods: This is a monocentric descriptive retrospective study including all patients with SRUS in the Department of Hepato-Gastro-Enterology and Proctology "Médicine B" of the Ibn Sina University Hospital, over a period from January 2000 to August 2021. Results: A total of 26 patients were included with a mean age of 45 years [15-70 years] and a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.6. The most frequent clinical symptomatology was rectal bleeding found in all patients (100%), followed by anorectal pain (84.6%), bloody mucus evacuations (73.1%), chronic constipation (38.5%) and rectal prolapse in 34.6% of the patients at the proctologic examination. The low endoscopic exploration had detected mainly a single ulceration with clean bottom (50%), multiple ulcerations (20%) and a pseudo-polypoid aspect (15.4%). Histological examination of the biopsies taken from the ulceration and the periphery confirmed the diagnosis by showing the typical histological aspect of SRUS. The majority of our patients (77%) underwent anorectal manometry, which revealed anorectal dyssynergia and sphincter tone abnormalities. The therapeutic management was based on medical treatment in all patients, defecation rehabilitation "biofeedback" (53.8%) and surgical approach was considered in 19.2% of cases. Conclusion: The SRUS is an entity defined by its endoscopic and histological aspect, manifesting itself mainly by rectal bleeding. Recto-sigmoidoscopy and histology are the key to diagnosis. Treatment is primarily medical. Surgical treatment is indicated in case of failure of medical treatment or in case of occurrence of complications.

The purpose of this study is to describe the practicality of the mushroom material e-handout which was developed to train students' critical thinking skills. This study uses the R&D method with the ADDIE model. The stages of the ADDIE development model are carried out through 5 stages, namely Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The e-handout is written in a communicative language, equipped with pictures and illustrations that can attract students and contain critical learning activities. Small group test subjects were conducted on 9 students and field tests were conducted on 25 students. Data obtained from practicality instruments were analyzed descriptively. The results of student responses got a value of 90% with the criteria of strongly agreeing and the results of the implementation of 84% with very good criteria. This shows that the developed e-handout is practical for developing critical thinking skills.

Independence is one _ aspect necessary development _ developed since age early. The independence of children is not an innate trait but through their existence learning process and need trained since age early, influencing factors independence child consist from pattern foster from parents, secure attachment and children 's social interactions. From the results of initial observations and interviews, it can be concluded that the level of independence of children is still relatively low. Destination study this is for describe and analyze influence pattern foster parents secure attachment on children's independence through interaction social child. This research uses quantitative descriptive research with a total sample of 137 child group B in sub- district kindergarten North Banjarbaru. The technique of collecting data is by observing and distributing questionnaires. The techniques used in analyzing the data are multiple correlation techniques and path diagrams to show an overview of the relationship between variables according to the assumptions used. Research results show that: (1) Parenting pattern tend use pattern foster democratic, secure attachment, children's social interaction, and independence child included in the category height; (2) there is a positive and significant relationship between the pattern foster to social interaction; (3) there is a positive and significant relationship between secure attachment in the family to children's social interactions; (4) there is a positive and significant relationship between parenting pattern for children's independence; (5) there is a positive and significant relationship between secure attachment in the family towards independence child; (6) there is a positive and significant relationship between social interaction on children's independence; (7) there is a positive and significant relationship between parenting patterns through social interaction on children's independence; (8) there is a positive and significant relationship Among secure attachment through social interaction on children's independence. Conclusion: there are influence by partial and simultaneous from pattern foster parents secure attachment on children's independence through interaction social child. Should head kindergarten unit for together build positive communication _ moment communicate with teachers and parents for analyze development independence in children. This thing could conducted with open a sharing forum or swap opinion with teachers and parents about problem nor development child age early.