Most of the desert lands contain sandy soils, which include large areas in the world. The sandy or loam soils in Upper Egypt were placed under investigate of soil texture, and moisture content –in addition some chemical analyses. Where, had very low organic matter (mean= 0.28) with available total dissolved salts (mean= 0.53) and alkaline pH-value (mean= 9.00). The moisture content of samples was very low (mean= 2.59). All of desert soil samples (100% of the samples) proved to be contaminated by filamentous fungi. A total of 121 fungal species + 7 varieties of 32 genera were isolated and identified on the isolation medium (1% glucose Czapek’s agar) at 28°C, based on dilution plate method. The gross fungal count was 94.36 colonies/mg dry soil. Aspergillus (36 sp. + 4 var.) was the most dominant genus based on frequency (95% of the samples) and count (55.34% of total fungal counts). Penicillium (28 sp. + 1 var.) had the second place (70% of the sample and 26.83% of grass count). Ulocladium occupied the third place (22.5% and 3.18%). Acremonium was one of the dominant genera (4th place). It occurred in 20% of the samples examined and 1.61% of gross fungal counts. The dematiaceous hyphomycetes, in addition ascospore-forming fungi were dominant in rare frequency. Whereas, sterile mycelia were high in frequency (52.5% of the samples) and low count (1.99% of gross fungal count).

Inefficient and ineffective SCM in hospitals result in many consequences that may affect the quality of health services that are provided to patients. The implementation of an effective SCM practices required the existence of a set of factors that help and facilitate the successful implementation processes. These factors are known as Critical Success Factors (CSFs).This study aimed to identify the existed CSFs for effective SCM implementation in PSMC. The study population was all supply department's staffs and supply representatives from other departments who are involved in the SCM practices in (PSMC). A questionnaire was developed and distributed to collect data from the target population. The results showed that the existed CSFs included information sharing (63.9%). training and education on SCM activities (62%), communication (62%), organizational culture (58.3%), top management support (52.8%) and the recruitment standards for SCM staffs (47.2%). In addition, the results showed that there are two of the CSFs were not existed in PSMC. These CSFs are the using of a moderate IT applications (42.6%) and the adequate logistic information system (40.7%).From this study, it is recommended to provide the medical city with a moderated logistical information system, provide the medical city with moderated logistics technologies and software, implementing formal training on SCM practices, ensuring the applying of the recruitment standards which includes specific certificates for all new staffs and finally, developing a collaborative environment and using the cross functional teams that backed by the top management support.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), a popular herbaceous plant, has been generally used as a flavoring agent and herbal medicine for centuries. The main components of ginger rhizome are corbohydtrates, lipids, essential oils, terpenes and phenol compounds such as shogaol and gingerol. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion in terms of the clinical effects of ginger in all reported areas. Clinical applications of ginger with an expectation of clinical benefits are receiving significant attention. The consumption of the ginger rhizome is a typical traditional remedy to relieve common health problems. Ginger shows the wide range of pharmacological and biological potential in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, like colds, nausea, arthritis, migraines, diabetes, allergy and hypertension.

Background: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is a major public health issue in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria. Transfusion of red blood cells is an essential therapeutic modality in SCA. Repeated RBC transfusions can cause alloimmunization resulting in haemolytic transfusion reactions, transfusion refractoriness among other complications. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and specificities of immune erythrocyte alloantibodies among adult patients with SCA compared with healthy HbAA blood donors in Uyo, South-South Nigeria. Materials and Methods: All participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to obtain information on bio- data, blood transfusion history and other relevant SCA history. Antibody screening and identification were carried out using tube agglutination method with commercially made panel of cells. Results: A total of 160 subjects were studied. They were made up of 80 SCA patients and 80 healthy HbAA blood donors. Prevalence of red cell alloimmunization among multi-transfused patients with SCA was observed to be 11.3%. Alloantibodies identified were mainly against Rh antigens contributing 66.7% (anti-E 22.2%, anti-C 22.2%, anti-D 11.1% and anti-e 11.1%). Antibodies directed against Kell and Lutheran blood group antigens together constituted 33.3%. No antibody was detected in the controls. Advancing age (30 years and above) and ABO blood group were statistically associated with alloimmunization (P values of 0.043 and 0.013, respectively). Conclusion: Repeated blood transfusion is associated with the development of alloantibodies. Immunohaematologic tests in transfusion care of SCA patients should be improved to include extended red cell phenotyping and routine alloantibody screening and identification.

The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze: i) identification of the economic potential of the province on the island of Java; ii) a shift in the provincial economic sector on the island of Java. The research method uses literature with analytical tools using growth & share. The result of this research is that the potential economic potential in West Java based on the results of the analysis of growth & share, the most positions in the economic sector are in quadrant 4, meaning that growth is high and its contribution is low to Gross Regional Domestic Product. This means that it is still possible for these economic sectors to increase their role in the Gross Regional Domestic Product in each province. The shift in the economic sector in 6 provinces on the island of Java in general is the biggest contribution to the manufacturing industry sector.

This study demonstrates the renal features of wistar albino rats exposed to Mandragora officinarum leaf extract. Twenty-four (24) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups labelled A, B, C and D and kept in a well-ventilated room. Group A served as control and these rats were treated with distilled water. Rats in the groups B, C, and D were treated with 3 different doses of the sample (1.5, 3.5 and 5.0mL/KgBW) respectively. Samples were administered once daily for 14 and 28days consecutively. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment. Blood samples were collected into heparinized sample bottles for analysis. Serum urea and creatinine concentrations increased in a dose dependent manner at all durations of administration. This increase was significant for urea at the dose of 5.0ml/kgBW when administered for 14 days. This trend was present at all doses for 28 days of administration. Histology done showed normal kidney tissue architecture at all doses of 14days of administration. All doses in the 28 days group showed abnormalities of destroyed renal tubules, absent glomeruli and occluded bowman’s capsular spaces. This study demonstrates that long-term use of this leaf extract increases the risk of subacute kidney abnormalities.

Background: Multiple pregnancies are prone to be associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. The incidence of multiple pregnancies has shown a significant increase over the last decades. Aim of the Study: This study aimed to describe the maternal and perinatal outcomes in multiple pregnancies delivered in a tertiary care hospital, Bangladesh. Methods: This was a prospective observational study; 23 patients were enrolled and analyzed. The study conducted with 23 women with twin pregnancies, over 2 year’s months from January 2020 December 2021 in the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chittagong Medical College and Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Result: Out of 23 cases, 8 patients had intrapartum complications like PPH, mal-presentation, cord prolapse, low-lying placenta, and placental abruption. In this, 4(23.53%) had mal-presentation, and only one had PPH. These intrapartum complications were also categorized according to their chronicity. Mal presentations were seen in 23.53% of DCDA and 33.3% of MCDA with p=0.47. Both were not statistically significant, as shown in Table 4. These twin-specific complications were noted according to their chronicity. Discordant twin was seen in 11.76% of DCDA and 16.67% MCDA. Single IUD in 7.9% of DCDA. The complications and outcomes of the study population; more than 65% of patients needed NICU. In our study, we noted 4 perinatal death caused by intrauterine death, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, birth asphyxia, and respiratory distress. Conclusion: Majority of the multiple pregnancy is high risk one. So, all multiple pregnancies need early diagnosis, adequate antenatal, intra-natal and post-partum care to improve the outcome and should have mandatory hospital delivery.

Employee performance is a factor that will determine the success of a business entity at a regional government-owned bank (BPR). So it is essential to maintain employee performance so that the business continues to run according to its objectives. Usually, one factor that determines employee performance is the result of local government policies so that operations become more rigid. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors that influence the performance of local government-owned bank employees, including transformational leadership, organizational culture, and organizational commitment. This research was conducted on employees of local government-owned banks in West Java as many as 270 people spread throughout BPR. The analysis used is the Equation Model Structure with SMART PLS analysis tool. The results showed that transformational leadership is important in improving bank employee performance. statistics show a positive and significant influence. Then organizational culture is also a positive influence on employee performance. In addition, employee commitment is also another variable that has a positive effect on employee performance.

Parotid tumor is defined as a progressive and abnormal increase in the volume of the parotid due to an excessive multiplication of cells. The diagnosis of tumors is pre, per and postoperative. The treatment is mainly surgical. The objective of this work was to bring out the clinical, para-clinical and therapeutic aspect of parotid tumors. It was Mr D M of Malian nationality, 55 years old, admitted to the stomatology/maxillofacial surgery department of the Nianankoro Fomba hospital in Ségou for treatment of swelling of the right hemiface. The observation of this case relates to a 55-year-old patient who is compatible with the age group of the study conducted by E.S. Diom et al., The average age of the patients was 40 years with extremes of 5 years and 80 years [1]. Parotid tumors are mixed tumors. The latent nature of some of them sometimes makes us see long evolutions, voluminous forms which can evolve into cancerous forms.

Background: Good storage practice is fundamental to prevent the deterioration of medications and to ensure their quality and safeties are maintained. This case study focuses on maintaining proper storage conditions without risking degradation. Case Presentation: An incident occurred in a paediatric pharmacy in Al-Sabah hospital, Al-Sabah medical area, Kuwait, in September 2021; an 11-year-old child diagnosed with weakness in the gastroesophageal valve and a physician prescribed omeprazole suspension preparation as an oral dosage form for daily based using. After dispensing 30 bottles from the pharmacy, the patient's parent stored all quantities dispended at room temperature rather than refrigerated. However, the medication company stated that the patient or healthcare giver should refrigerate before and after opening the bottle. Due to this inappropriate storage practice, the suspension preparations deteriorated and spoiled. Conclusion: Inappropriate dosage practices are preventable by simple solutions. Preparing training and assessment programs for pharmacists is essential to focus on the importance of proper and complete patient counselling and to ensure that the patient or healthcare giver stores medications in special storage conditions. Moreover, creating a policy for dispensing drugs that require specific storage conditions, such as labelling medications with specific storage conditions with specific-coloured labels and dispensing cooling boxes for them.

Under the background of the construction of the new liberal arts, the traditional curriculum system for foreign language subjects cannot meet the market demand. The development space of foreign language majors is increasingly compressed, and the quality of graduates is generally declining. The situation of foreign language majors in universities with Industrial Features is even more difficult due to the weakness of their disciplines, the limited teaching staff and the lack of language learning environment. In this paper, we use literature research and questionnaires to explore the development of "foreign language +" courses in universities with Industrial Features with industrial characteristics, by adjusting course hours, diversifying course settings and offering cross-disciplinary courses. This article provides some ideas and suggestions for the development of foreign language courses and curriculum reform in universities with Industrial Features.

The objective of the present study is aimed to formulate and evaluate sustained-release Mebeverine hydrochloride capsules using the Pelletization technique. Mebeverine hydrochloride, an anti-spasmodic drug is highly water soluble with a half-life of 2h and is suitable to develop sustained action for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Mebeverine hydrochloride prolongs medication release in the GIT and, as a result, into the plasma, while reducing the frequency of drug administration, adverse effects, and patient compliance. Mebeverine hydrochloride were prepared by using polymers The drug-polymer and excipient compatibility was defined by the FTIR studies in the pre-formulation study. The calibration curve for the drug is plotted and checked the physicochemical properties. Six formulations (F1-F6) of Mebeverine hydrochloride pellets were prepared using different quantities of Ethylcellulose N 50 and other standard excipients. In vitro, drug release studies were performed for the pellets for 1.2, 4, 6, 8, and 12hrs. The optimized formulation F6 showed 76.8 % drug release after 12h showing that ethyl cellulose N 50 acts as a rate-controlling agent. The drug release of the chosen formulation follows first-order kinetics with a zero-order mechanism, according to absorption kinetics.

Dental complications are the main health problems worldwide and can cause harmful and irreversible loss to general human health. Therefore, there is a need to treat these problems. Most of the techniques for the prevention of these oral diseases are costly and lengthy; therefore, there is a need to introduce some effective, low-cost, and easy methods or medicine to deal with oral health issues. The combined mixture of extracts from T. chebula and A. nilotica proven to treat sore throat and ulcers of the mouth. Eucalyptol is one of the main compounds in the essential oil used for the preparation of an endodontic solvent and mouthwash. The important components present in the rhizome of the turmeric plant which can be used for the treatment of oral complications are essential oils (turmerones) and curcuminoids. Plant-based extracts can be used to prepare several types of mouthwash, toothpaste, and gel due to the presence of anti-microbial activities and a large number of beneficial compounds. This review paper aims to find the role of medicinal plants and their properties for the effective treatment of oral diseases in dentistry.

Background: Central Nervous System tumours are diverse group of neoplasms affecting brain and spinal cord and are graded from WHO grade I to IV from less to more severity. The incidence of CNS tumours has increased in recent years in both developed and developing countries. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 CNS cases were studied and evaluated from July 2014 to July 2016 in the Department of Pathology, K S Hegde Charitable Hospital. Patient’s data was retrieved from the records. The operated specimen was histopathologically evaluated and diagnosis of CNS tumour was made with WHO grading. The data collected was analysed using statistical tools by SPSS software version 21.0. Results: The study group consisted of 100 cases of CNS tumours. Intracranial tumours accounted for 84% and spinal cord tumours were 16%. The age distribution of the patients with CNS tumours ranged from 21 days to 78 years with mean age of 47.16 years. Males (59%) were commonly affected with male to female ratio of 1.44:1. Adults (93%) were more commonly affected than paediatric age group. In the study period from July 2014 to July 2016, a total of 7800 specimens were received in histopathology, among which 100 CNS tumours were encountered. Majority of them were in WHO grade I (66.67%). Local invasion and recurrence was seen in 22.2% (4 cases each). Metastasis (6 cases) (6%) was equally distributed between brain (50%) and spinal cord (50%).They were WHO Grade IV. The primary of the metastatic tumours to brain encountered were from breast, renal cell carcinoma and colon. Metastasis to spinal cord was from lung carcinoma and plasmacytoma. 20% were WHO Grade II and remaining 7.33% was WHO Grade III. Conclusion: The incidence of metastasis to CNS has been increasing in recent years. A general awareness of clinical manifestations of CNS tumours, along with usage of advanced radiological techniques lead to early precise diagnosis and proper management.

Milk is an excellent source of proteins, fats and carbohydrates along with minerals and vitamins. It is the balanced diet for all age groups. In Pakistan consumption of milk is increasing day by day. Milk from different animal sources has quality and nutritional differences. Pasteurization found to be increased the milk quality and shelf-life stability by reducing microbial load. The objective of study is to evaluate the differences among the raw and pasteurized milk in terms of safety and microbial distribution. The proximate and quality analysis including moisture, crude protein, crude fat, total soluble solid, pH, acidity, lactose composition, solid-not-fat (SNF) and specific gravity were done for the milk samples. The microbial tests were performed for Total Plate Count and Total Coliform Count before and after pasteurization process. The collected data was analysed statistically to estimate the level of significance. Pasteurized milk of buffalo showed high value for pH 6.65, lactose composition 5.964, crude fat 7.974%, crude protein 6.453%, SNF 6.672%, Total solids 12.646% while pasteurized cow milk showed low value as compare to buffalo milk samples as pH 6.60, lactose composition 4.732, crude fat 4.744%, crude protein 4.353%, SNF 6.128%, Total solids 10.872%. Total Coliform count (TCC) for raw and pasteurized milk of cow was 3.320 CFU/ml and 1.2600 CFU/ml respectively, whereas for buffaloes it was 2.604 CFU/ml and 1.0900 CFU/ml respectively. In case of TPC it was 2.834CFU/ml and 1.132 CFU/ml for raw to pasteurized milk of cow while it was 2.0320 CFU/ml and 1.0720 CFU/ml in buffaloes. Result revealed that pasteurized milk is safer to use and pasteurized milk has low microbial count as well as authenticity in safety and quality when compared with unpasteurized milk.