This research sheds light on a Korean personality who had a prominent impact on Korean history, namely, the personality of singman Rhee, so that this research dealls with the study of his upbringing, and how he joined the independence club, then we showed his position on the protestant church and its teachings, and his political activity from 1904 to 1965.

Teachers’ job satisfaction has continued to be a call for concern in contemporary society and lack of passion is allege to be responsible for this situation. This study investigated the role of passion in the attainment of teachers’ job satisfaction. One research question guided the study. The correlational research design was used to determine the relationship between the two variables. The targeted population of the composed of 22,133 teachers and 904 principals from 904 schools. The sample constituted 379 respondents derived through the purposive and convenient sampling techniques. The instruments for data collection composed of structured questionnaire and an interview guide. Quantitative data were analyzed using the frequencies percentages mean and standard deviation while qualitative data were analyzed using the thematic analysis approach. Findings revealed that there exist a correlation between teachers’ passion and job satisfaction. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the government should promote teachers’ passion by adequately addressing teachers’ financial concerns because inadequate remuneration accounted for teacher’s inability to sustain their passion in teaching leading to low job satisfaction.

Choice of delivery is as important as getting pregnant for the first time. Delivery could be spontaneous vagina delivery (SVD) or caesarean section (CS). African culture believes in spontaneous vagina delivery which it cannot be compromised. This study is to evaluate the Preferred Method of Delivery Amongst Women of Reproductive Age in South-South, Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study involving 260 females who were within the age of 18 to 45 years. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to participants. Each participant had one questionnaire to fill appropriately and independently after instructions were given to them by the researchers. The study lasted for a period of 6 months. The study revealed that 51.4% of the participants have tertiary level of education, 43.8% had secondary level and 4.8% had primary level of education. 69.5% of the participants were married, 24.8% were single, 1.9% were cohabiting and 3.8% are widow.96.0% are Christian, 3.0% were Moslem and 1.0% were African Traditional Believers. 72.4% of the participants were pregnant and 27.6% were not pregnant. 97.1% of the participants have preferred method of delivery and 77.9% preferred spontaneous vaginal delivery and 22.1% preferred cesarean section. Also, the study revealed the reason why the most of the participants preferred spontaneous vaginal delivery as culture (13.6%), pride (11.4%), religion (20. 8%), cost (32.8%) and fear (16.8%).

The study was conducted to determine absorption of essential and non- essential trace minerals from poultry feed to poultry products. Poultry feed, liver, muscles and egg samples were collected from six poultry farms of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Mercury, Lead, Cadmium, Chromium and Iron were analysed in the samples using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometer. Iron, Lead and Chromium exceeded the permissible limits set by World Health Organization and National Research Council in Poultry feed. Lead was high in liver, breast muscles, thigh muscles, egg albumen and egg yolk. Chromium was found in feed, egg yolk, egg albumen and two (02) of the liver and breast muscle samples. Mercury was not detected in any of the samples. Liver contains significantly higher concentration of detected heavy metals as compared to thigh and breast muscles and egg yolk contained significantly high concentrations of Iron, Cadmium and Lead as compared to egg albumen. Standards requirements for feed manufacturers and poultry farmers should be maintained to monitor and mitigate routes of entry of contaminants in the food chain.

The purpose of this study was to analyse regional economic growth in 6 (six) provinces in Java. The research method uses descriptive analysis, with analysis tools using panel data. The results of this study are 1) Total population, education index and agricultural output have a significant effect while the consumption of electrical energy sources does not have a significant effect on the GRDP of the Province in Java Island; and 2) Unemployment rate, inflation rate, poverty rate and government expenditure have a significant effect on economic growth.

Background: Bordetella pertussis is the causative organism of an acute human respiratory tract disease known as pertussis – an endemic disease globally with reported cases in both developing and developed countries. This study evaluated the anti-bacterial potentials of the crab specie (Goniopsis pelli) extract on bordetela pertussis in Swiss mice. Methods: One hundred and twenty-two (122) animals (Swiss mice) were divided into five groups for the curative treatment study. Groups 1 and 2 were the normal and negative controls respectively, while groups 3 and 5 received (300mg/kg and 600mg/kg) of the extract and group 5 received 4000mg/70kg of erythromycin. Blood and kidney samples were collected on 0, 6th, 12th and 18thday for lipid profile analysis and kidney histological examination. Result: The result shows that Animals exposed to B. pertussis inoculum dose (5.0x105cfu/ml) without treatment caused a decrease in the plasma level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and an increase in the concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). However, treatment with Goniopsis pelli extracts reversed the observed effect thereby producing a gradual increase in HDL levels and decrease in triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL levels with no adverse effect on the kidney histology. Conclusion: Goniopsis pelli has the potentials of ameliorating lipid abnormalities and plays a therapeutic role in improving lipid profiles associated with the bacterial infection.

Medicines plays a vital role in day-to-day life. Piling up of medicines in households leads to irrational use of medicines. This study aimed to investigate household medication taking behaviour, reasons of medicines storage in household, disposal practice of unused medication and determinacy of self- medication among family members. Study was carried out in Urban areas of North Karnataka by using interviewer administered questionnaire on 433 household participants. Data from the questionnaire were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. Among surveyed households, 412 households have at least one unused medication in household which were stored unsafe and in reach of children. Out of 433 study participants (54.5%) were males and (45.5 %) were females. The stored drugs found in household mainly belongs to five categories; Antihypertensive (25.6%), Anti-diabetic (20.6%), analgesics and antipyretics (14.1%), NSAIDs (11.5%) , Anti –biotics (10.2%) . Majority of the drugs (84.7%) were purchased on prescription .96.9% of them are throwing the unused medication in garbage. We found that a significant proportion of the medications were found in the Urban households and had stored unused medication in household for future use and none of those medicines are stored safely and the unused medications were not properly disposed too. Hence there is need to conduct a programme to create necessary awareness among the public regarding storage and safe disposal methods of unused drugs.

During radiological studies and surgeries, the branch architecture of the Axillary artery (AA) is crucial. Variations can complicate the interpretation of radiological data and cause unanticipated surgical complications. In the present situation, an uncommon collateral artery arose from the 1st part of the AA and gave rise to the lateral thoracic artery (LTA) and subscapular artery (SSA) before becoming the posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA). The SSA additionally gave rise to the thoracodorsal (TDA) and circumflex scapular arteries (CSA). For safe and effective surgical treatments and to prevent technical failures during catheterization and interventional procedures, it is essential to be aware of these anatomical differences.

We have conducted a research study that covers the period from 2000 to 2020, with the aim of constructing "autoregressive vectors" to investigate the interconnections between Education and Health in Spain. The purpose is to comprehend the advantages of investing in both fields for the betterment of society. Our team obtained data from the World Bank and conducted an analysis to examine the relationship between Education and Health in Spain. Our conclusions indicate that Education and Health are two critical factors that significantly impact the overall prosperity of society in Spain. Education has a strong impact on health as it enhances individuals' knowledge and understanding about health and wellness. On the other hand, health is essential for maintaining stability in education, as a healthy person is able to focus and perform well academically. The two are mutually dependent and have a positive influence on each other. A healthy individual is more likely to pursue education and have better opportunities, while education can result in better health outcomes through increased awareness and access to healthcare. Therefore, investing in both fields is crucial for ensuring a stable and thriving society in Spain. The positive relationship between Education and Health highlights the significance of investing in both fields to attain a higher quality of life for the citizens of Spain. We discovered that Education and Health are positively related in Spain and access to quality education has a positive effect on health outcomes. Good health is also necessary for individuals to perform well academically and complete their education, creating a positive feedback loop between Education and Health.

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the serious diseases that affect women’s lives. Fortunately, cervical cancer is a preventable and treatable disease; early detection has reduced its mortality and morbidity worldwide. Cervical cancer screening is a global public health concern. However, there are misconceptions, stigmas, and poor awareness associated with cervical cancer. This study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitude, practice and stigmas, and misconceptions associated with cervical cancer screening in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire that included demographic information about knowledge, attitude, practice and stigmas and misconceptions associated with cervical cancer screening. Results: The study collected data from 400 participants, with a female majority (81.8%). The majority of participants were married (65%), had an undergraduate degree (64%), and fell within the 31-50 age range (43.3%). The results showed that the majority of the participants had heard of a PAP test (61.3%), 58.8% of participants had misconceptions regarding cervical cancer screening. The association between education and knowledge of PAP tests was statistically significant (p=0.000). Conclusion: This study highlights the need for public health interventions to improve knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer screening in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The study recommends public interventions targeted to concern stigmas and misconceptions associated with cervical cancer screening.

Introduction: Up to 25% of healthy adults exhibit cutaneous colonization by Acinetobacter and are the most common Gram-negative bacteria carried on the skin of hospital personnel. They are opportunistic pathogens causes a number of outbreaks of infections but their predominant role is in intensive care units. Such infections are often difficult to treat because of widespread resistance to the major groups of antibiotics. Materials and Methods: Various samples were collected aseptically and transported immediately to the bacteriology laboratory. The pathogens were identified by standard laboratory procedures including Gram’s staining, motility, culture, colony characters and biochemical reactions. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby Bauer method as per the CLSI guidelines. Result: 128 (3.11%) Acinetobacter spp. were isolated from 4112 specimens. Out of these, 72 from general wards and 46 from ICU and 10 from opd. Males (59.37%) are predominant than females (40.62%). The isolates sensitivite to Meropenem (83.59%) followed by Pipracillin-tazobactum (66.41%), Tetracycline (58.59%). Maximum resistance was observed to Cefotaxime (93.75%) followed by Ceftazidime (92.19%) & Cefepime (89.06%). Conclusions: Acinetobacter are the “superbugs” of the modern hospital environment causing significant infections in specific patient populations, especially in patients of ICU which are prone to cause infections due to over use of broad spectrum antibiotics. Awareness to maintain good housekeeping, equipment decontamination, strict attention to hand washing, isolation procedures and control of antibiotic usage, especially in high-risk areas, appear most likely measures to control the spread of Acinetobacter spp. in hospitals.

Female genital mutilation covers all interventions including the partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or any other lesion of the female genitalia that are carried out for non-medical reasons. They can be serious due to the occurrence of complications and sequelae. Our observation was a case of sequellar vaginal stenosisaftergenital mutilation performed 15 years ago. The discovery of the stenosis was linked to a difficulty in being able to consum mate his marriage. The diagnosis of stage III vaginal stenosis was suggested and disinfibulation associated with vaginal dilation was performed.

Background: It has been revealed that low serum magnesium (Mg) is often associated with insulin Resistance (IR), cardiovascular problems, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are known to have a high incidence of insulin resistance. Objective: To assess the effects of magnesium supplementation on insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted in the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from January 2021 to December 2021. A total of 74 women diagnosed of infertility with PCOS were included in this study. Eligible women who gave their informed consent were allocated into either group A: (Magnesium oxide) or group B (placebo) on the basis of a computerized generated table system allocated into two groups 37 patients (group-A) and 37 patients (group -B). Group A received magnesium oxide & group B received a placebo for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of treatment, both groups were advised to repeat biochemical assay for fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, serum testosterone & serum lipid profile at the follow-up visit. Results: Magnesium supplementation for 12 weeks among women with PCOS had favorable effects on waist circumference (changes from baseline in the intervention group: -0.76±3.1 vs. -1.7±1.8 cm in the placebo group) and BMI (-2.13±0.98 vs. -0.32±0.52 kg/m2) compared with the placebo group. Magnesium oxide led to a significant reduction in HOMA-IR (-1.49±0.95 vs. 0.09± 0.29) compared with placebo. Serum triglycerides was significantly decreased (-36.7±53.5 vs. 0.1±17.9 mg/d) in the magnesium group than placebo. HDL level was significantly increased in the magnesium group (2.3±5.9 mg/dl), while HDL level was decreased in the placebo group (-1.7±2.7 mg/dl). Significant mean change of total testosterone in magnesium group (0.43±0.35 ng/dL) than placebo group (-0.01±0.05 ng/dL). However, total cholesterol and LDL were also decreased in the magnesium group than in the placebo group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05) compared between the two groups. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence showing that magnesium supplementation resulted in reduced WC, BMI, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and testosterone levels in women with PCOS. Also, magnesium supplementation might increase serum HDL levels. Though there was a significantly increased pregnancy rate of magnesium supplementation than in a placebo group.

This study examined the effect of oil price volatility on federal government capital expenditure in Nigeria for the period 1993 to 2022 using secondary data from relevant government agencies. The study specifically examine the impact of Brent UK crude oil price volatility, OPEC spot rate crude oil volatility and West Texas Intermediate crude oil price volatility controlling the disruptions of oil subsidy, corruption and inflation on capital expenditure. The research employed an ex-post facto research design to produce results via Bounds test and Autoregressive Distributed Lag regression test. The long run estimate of the model report that Brent UK crude oil price volatility, OPEC spot rate crude oil volatility and West Texas Intermediate crude oil price volatility failed to report significant effect on the federal government capital expenditure in Nigeria. This shows that the oil price volatility is a short run phenomenon, that will fade out in short period, hence the reason for the high speed of adjustment of the error correction term. There is need for federal government in Nigeria to continually monitor crude oil international price and negotiate with OPEC on production output and quota. There is also need to monitor federal government’s capital expenditure pattern and revenues in critical revenue generating agencies. Federal Government should remain committed to sustaining fiscal adjustments by creating fiscal space for capital and infrastructural development.

Telemedicine and remote healthcare have become increasingly important in the healthcare landscape, but they present ethical implications surrounding equitable access to care and patient privacy. Policymakers, healthcare providers, and stakeholders must address these ethical dimensions and establish guidelines to promote responsible and ethical practices. Investments in broadband infrastructure, affordable technology access programs, and digital literacy education programs are potential solutions to bridge the digital divide and ensure equitable access to care. Telemedicine and remote healthcare offers advantages such as cost savings, convenient and timely access to care, and improved care coordination but require compliance with data protection laws and regulations to ensure patient safety and quality of care. Adequate time should be allocated to address patient concerns, and patients must be informed adequately about the limitations, benefits, and potential risks of remote consultations or monitoring to uphold patient autonomy and facilitate informed decision-making.