Today the sporting world has become extremely competitive. Every person who indulges in training for a sport will not necessarily achieve the top performance or become a champion. It is rightly said that the champions in the field of sports are born and then groomed in later life. Thus, the genetic endowment of a sports person cannot be neglected while selecting a talent. This paper shows the clear outline and nutshell of how the explosive training will support the Tribal Volleyball players' active participation. It is an empirical study to get an idea of the effect of explosive training.

Choriocarcinoma belongs to one extreme of molar pregnancy, the other end is hydatidiform mole. It is a fast-growing tumor that occurs in a woman’s uterus but can easily metastasize to the lungs, liver, and brain. The abnormal tumor cells start in the tissue that would normally become the placenta. Choriocarcinoma developed after a normal pregnancy in 1 in 50,000, miscarriages in 1 in 15,000, and complete mole 1 in 40. The tumor may mimic uterine fibroid, especially when it presents as a uterine mass (which is not the common presentation) posing an initial diagnostic dilemma, as seen in our patient. The patient was an 18years P0+1 whose last normal menstrual period was a year before presentation. She presented with a history of loss of 14-week conception, then followed by 11months history of abnormal scanty vaginal bleeding lasting 21-27 days monthly, the patient was found to be mildly pale but had stable vital signs, she had a uterine mass of about 22weeks size, abdominal ultrasound scan revealed uterine fibroid. In the process of investigation serum pregnancy test was done and was found to be positive, with markedly elevated serum beta hcg. We made an assessment of choriocarcinoma and we commenced her on chemotherapy, she received 4 courses but with no decline in beta HCG. She had a total abdominal hysterectomy and histology confirmed choriocarcinoma, serum beta HCG was then immediately noticed to decline, she had further chemotherapy, and the patient did well subsequently. Huge choriocarcinoma may be mistaken for uterine fibroid, hence a high index of suspicion for choriocarcinoma is important if a patient presents with a recent history of miscarriage, uterine mass, vaginal bleeding, and a positive pregnancy test.

Money laundering is the technique used to make significant sums of money earned illegally through drug trafficking, terrorism, or other major crimes that appear to have come from legitimate sources. Money laundering has a negative influence on the nation's economic and political stability, hence it must be strictly prohibited. As one of the most significant components of the financial system, it serves as the backbone of the money market and plays a vital role in raising funds for beneficial investments that advance economic growth in a nation. An effective and stable financial system is a requirement for the nation's overall growth.

In almost every criminal investigation, it is necessary to establish whether a particular person or persons may or may have not been present at the scene of a crime. In this regard, the application of forensic science plays a vital role in the criminal investigation to establish the identity of the offender. Like a fingerprint, the footprint of every person is unique and can be used to identify a person. It can help to link the suspect to a crime scene and the victim. Every individual's print contains friction ridges and other individual characteristics that are unique to that person. The present study aims to identify, analyze, and illustrate the individual characteristics of footprints of the tribal population in Jhargram District, West Bengal, India from a forensic perspective in a sample of 120 adult tribal people participants consisting of 60 males and 60 females. These tribal people live in deep forest areas and most of the people walk barefoot day by day. The footprints were collected using a footprint ink slab and white paper. Various identification characteristics feature were identified and recorded during analyses of the collected footprint from different parts of the foot, like, the number of toes, number of humps, phalanges marks, corn, pits, cracks, Crease marks, etc.

Innovation is a fundamental activity for product diversification and market expansion through the improvement of production processes and product quality. Understanding the causes that hinder innovation within organizations will allow the establishment of mechanisms to reactivate this important activity. With the aim of identifying the causes that hinder innovation in commercial and industrial organizations, the survey identified as CIS-4 was applied to 169 organizations in the state of Chihuahua, with 101 corresponding to organizations in the industrial sector and the rest in the services sector. The results showed cost as the main obstacle, followed by the knowledge factor. By applying the standard instrument for measuring innovation CIS-4, a comparison was made with the application to 20,747 companies in the countries of France and Italy, similarly obtaining cost as the main determinant hindering innovation. The results help us understand how innovation can be stimulated and supported.

This research aims to assess the amenability of Farin-Lamba cassiterite to the gravity concentrations techniques towards tin oxide production. The ore was subjected to fractional sieve size analysis, work index, and the concentration test to gravity method using the Wilfley shaking table and Spiral concentrator processing. Fractional sieve analysis of the crude sample was carried out at a sieve range of 500-63 µm towards liberation size determination. Five hundred (500) g each of Farin-Lamba cassiterite and Igbokoda silica sand was prepared by grinding to 100% passing 500 μm sieve towards work index determination and the gravity separation method was determined using the Wilfley shaking table and spiral concentration method. The fractional sieve size analysis carried out revealed that the Tin oxide-bearing mineral can be liberated at the particle size fraction of -180 + 125 μm. The work index alongside the energy expended in grinding the ore was found to be 9.980 Kwh/ton and 2.435 Kwh respectively. The chemical analysis of the ore concentrates revealed that the optimum yield was obtained at +125 µm assaying 62.74% SnO2 for Wilfley shaking table and 60.07% SnO2 for spiral concentration.

The Sarva Siksha Abhiyan (SSA) is a significant flagship initiative for elementary education that paves the way for a skilled labour force as well as for rapid economic and social advancement. The importance of elementary education for both human development and economic prosperity has frequently been underlined by a variety of economists and policymakers. As a result, it is crucial to assess the current state of primary education in India in order to assess how well SSA is working there after reaching nearly universal enrolment rates. The current study examines the effectiveness of SSA in relation to two key factors: Access and Quality. Only those access and quality indicators that are pertinent to elementary education in public schools are included. Due to the lack of pertinent data for upper primary education, only issues pertaining to basic education are examined in the current study.

Nigeria is endowed with landscapes and vibrant culture which promise immense tourism potential, yet legal hurdles and inadequate infrastructure hold the sector back. This paper argues that a multi-layered legal framework, tailored to Nigerian realities, can unlock sustainable growth. It explores how strategic legal interventions can attract foreign investment, safeguard consumer rights, empower vulnerable groups like tourists with disabilities, and foster community engagement. Technological solutions for visitor management and cultural preservation will also be discussed. By promoting responsible eco-tourism and revitalizing neglected heritage sites, Nigeria can harness its tourism potential, empowering both individual stakeholders and the nation as a whole. This research paper relies on the doctrinal method, using data collected from primary and secondary sources. The primary sources consulted are statutes and case law, while the secondary data are mainly books, journals, periodicals, and web-based materials.

Acromegaly is a rare disorder resulting from the excessive secretion of growth hormone (GH) and causing a specific form of cardiomyopathy. Until now, it has been widely recognized that individuals with acromegaly face an elevated risk of arrhythmias. However, high-grade atrioventricular blocks are a very rare complication of acromegaly. We report the clinical observation of a 75 years old acromegalic male presenting with high-grade atrioventricular block requiring permanent stimulation with a pacemaker.

The West African country called Niger is blessed with seven neighbouring countries which surrounded all its frontiers in spite of the fact that it is a landlocked country with no direct access to the sea. The rich natural resources like uranium attracted several Multinational Corporations (MNCs) to set up for the Exploration, Expropriation and Exploitation (3Es). Yet, the country remains one of the poorest and under developed for 63 years after independence but was crowned in the position of Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiatives (HIPC). Unfortunately for France as the main consumer of Niger’s resources through the use of pro-French leaders of the country, the 21st Century was not going to be the same as it recently happened in the previous four decades of the 20th Century. To that effect, a New Generation of West African Leaders (NGWAL) from Mali, Burkina-Faso and Mali individual decided to take the bull by the horns with main objective to overthrow Purported Pro- French Civilian Leaders (PPFCL) in order to end all the mechanisms and networks of neo-colonialism as impediments to National Development and Unity (NDU) which in turns fuelled periods of social unrest and political instabilities since the 1960s. Therefore, Niger was not left out in this neo-colonial dance of the third decade of the 21st Century as it happened in 2023 with strong sentimental feelings in favour of the suffering Nigeriens. The scrutinized of specialized sources of information enable us to use a historical approach with our findings that Niger is on good footing towards new structural developmental agenda without any single dictatorial prescriptions from the neo-colonial men of Western Europe.

Background: Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is a common complication, seen following 2-4% vaginal deliveries and 6% of caesarean sections. 35% of maternal mortality worldwide (1) and 38% of maternal mortality in India can be attributed to PPH. Material and Methods: Women who had B/L IIAL over a period of 1year 2021 at Dr. VVP Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were identified using hospital records and operation theatre registers. Clinical history, routine blood investigations, patient demographic data including age, parity, mode of delivery and surgical outcome with complications of procedure were noted. Results: A total of 30 PPH deliveries were conducted during the year 2021. most common indication for B/L IIAL was PPH, seen in 26 out of 30 cases (86.6%) followed by 3 cases of placenta accreta spectrum (1%) and 1 (0.3%) with gynecological complication. Of the 30 cases requiring B/L internal iliac ligation, 9 (30%) were primigravida, 3 (10%) second gravida and 18 (60%) multiparas with 2 or more prior deliveries. Of the 5 cases further requiring obstetric hysterectomy, 2 were second gravidas and 2 multiparas. Conclusion: The ligation of the internal iliac artery as a procedure to stop pelvic hemorrhage is not practiced as commonly as it should be. However, it is safe and effective method to control massive pelvic hemorrhage in experienced hands.

Cloud computing is a widely recognized innovative technology that has influenced various organizations including SMEs. It has emerged as one of the most debated themes among industrialists and technocrats worldwide to keep them abreast in the competitive environment. This research employs a comprehensive literature review to analyze research theories and frameworks, data collection methods, cloud-based services, and especially key adoption determinants of cloud computing services by SMEs. By analyzing the TOE framework this study has found a strong bond among the three elements that are technological, organizational, and environmental of this framework. The key determinants that played a major role in the adoption of cloud computing services by SMEs were: relative advantage, top management support, technical readiness, and competitive pressure.

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a significant neuropsychiatric complication of liver disease, causing substantial global morbidity and mortality. Advances in our understanding of HE pathogenesis have led to the development of new management strategies. Documenting the disease profile, precipitating factors, and prognostic indicators is crucial, given the need to widely apply these new strategies. Objectives: This study aims to assess the immediate prognosis, identify presenting features, and categorize patients based on the Child-Pugh Class at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Department of Medicine at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January to December 2010 aimed to assess the immediate prognosis of HE, determine its presenting features, and categorize study subjects based on the Child-Pugh Class. Sixty-six patients with chronic liver disease and HE were included in the study. Comprehensive data were collected through detailed history-taking, physical examinations, and investigations that adhered to the inclusion criteria. Results: The study cohort included 42 male and 24 female patients, with the majority (69.7%) falling within the age group of 30-60 years, with a mean age of 47.29 (±13.5). Most patients presented with grade II HE (40.9%). Hepatitis B, C, or both were positive in 63.6% of cases. Confusion was the most common presenting feature due to encephalopathy (53.0%). A majority of patients (62%) were in Child Class C. Electrolyte imbalance (54.4%), and constipation (34.8%) were the most common precipitating factors. 74.2% of patients survived, while 25.8% succumbed to the condition. Conclusion: Hepatic encephalopathy is a well-recognized complication of chronic liver disease, predominantly presenting with mental confusion. Despite many patients presenting with severe encephalopathy (Child Class C), the immediate survival rate was deemed satisfactory. The study underscores the importance of early hospitalization, identification of precipitating factors, and timely treatment in improving outcomes for this fatal condition.

This is the case of a 63-year-old female patient admitted for management of a liver mass discovered incidentally on imaging. The patient presented with weight loss and prutitus, and on clinical examination had collateral venous circulation and scraping lesions. Abdominal ultrasound coupled with Doppler showed a hepatic tissue mass with left-sided portal thrombosis. Hepatic MRI confirmed the diagnosis and also revealed SBC with infiltration of the left and median hepatic veins. Liver biopsy confirmed diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)in cirrhotic liver. Etiological work-up for prothrombotic factors and cirrhosis was negative. The patient was a candidate for palliative treatment. But our dilemma: is this a case of primary or secondary BCS?

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a significant contributor to maternal mortality, with early identification of risk factors being crucial for proactive management. This study explores the potential of mid-trimester maternal serum β HCG levels as a predictive marker for hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Objective: The primary objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical utility of second-trimester serum β HCG levels in predicting the development of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Methods: The study, conducted from June 2020 to July 2021, recruited pregnant women aged 13-20 weeks who were normotensive and non-proteinuric. Data from 100 respondents were collected, with 50 in each group (Group A with β HCG > 35000 m IU/ml and Group B with β HCG < 35000 m IU/ml). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0, and the significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Group A had a significantly higher proportion of hypertensive disorders compared to Group B (38% vs. 10%, p < 0.001), with Group A being more than five times as likely to develop hypertensive disorders (cOR = 5.5, 95% CI: 1.862, 16.344). Serum β HCG levels in respondents with hypertensive disorders (Mean = 60626.88 m IU/ml) were significantly higher than those who were normotensive (Mean = 32812.18 m IU/ml, p < 0.001). Sensitivity was 79.17%, specificity was 59.21%, and positive and negative predictive values were 38% and 90%, respectively. Conclusions: Mid-trimester serum β HCG levels are an efficient non-invasive predictor of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. With its high sensitivity and negative predictive value, this cost-effective test can aid in the early identification and proactive management of at-risk pregnancies.