Bone marrow invasion in pediatric solid tumors is an essential area of research, as it has a significant impact on prognosis and treatment strategies. Bone marrow metastases occur when non-hematopoietic malignant cells infiltrate the bone marrow, often leading to severe hematological disorders and high mortality rates if not identified early. The mechanisms of bone marrow invasion involve tumor cells escaping into the bone marrow, forming micrometastases which can then take on aggressive forms. Bilateral bone marrow aspirates and trephine biopsies (BMAT) are essential for accurate classification, as discrepancies in results can occur. In addition to their progressive nature, pediatric solid tumors are characterized by a high metastatic potential, particularly in the bone marrow. This retrospective study analyzes a series of 52 cases of solid tumors with bone marrow invasion, diagnosed in the hematology laboratory and pediatric hemato-oncology unit (UHOP) of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez over a six-year period, from January 2016 to December2022. Evaluation of bone marrow involvement is a key factor in therapeutic orientation and assessment of response to treatment. The presence of bone marrow metastases is associated with a poor prognosis. The haematology-biology laboratory plays an essential role in detecting extra-haematopoietic cells suggestive of bone marrow metastases, over and above standard tests. Despite advances in our understanding of spinal cord metastases, challenges remain in early detection and effective treatment, necessitating ongoing research to improve outcomes for affected children. In this article, we review the epidemiology, molecular mechanisms, clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of bone marrow invasion in solid tumors in the pediatric population.

Virtual and augmented reality are both integrated into mixed reality, enabling users to interact with real or artificial environments based on their needs. Integrating mixed reality into dental loupes could reduce treatment time and minimize the need to constantly look away from patients to consult computer screens. This study aims to determine the impact of mixed reality adoption by examining digital screen usage in X-Guide navigated implant surgeries, and to evaluate whether newly adopted assisted reality for navigated implant surgeries reduces computer screen dependency. This retrospective analysis involves two oral surgeons with a total of 55 treated patients. Data from these practitioners will assess mixed reality implementation in dental loupes, measuring their interactions with digital computers based on the treatment type. All implant surgeries utilized X-Guide by X-Nav Technologies. Statistical analysis was conducted using two-sample t-tests to identify whether the usage of assisted reality glasses in implant surgeries reduces treatment time and computer usage. An ANOVA test revealed significant variance in computer usage, indicating that mixed reality benefits vary across oral surgical procedures. Two independent two-sample t-tests revealed a statistically significant 22.1% reduction in treatment time and an 66.7% reduction in computer usage in X-Guide implant surgeries utilizing assisted reality. The findings on computer usage indicated that oral surgery could benefit significantly from mixed reality adoption. Digital implant surgeries with mixed reality integrated loupes would be more advantageous for implant procedures by enabling hand interaction, a feature not available in the screen-mirroring assisted reality glasses used in this study.

Introduction: Hypertension is a leading global health issue, especially in low-income countries, and is strongly associated with dyslipidemia, a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite known associations, the specific relationship between lipid profiles and hypertension remains inadequately explored in local populations. This study aimed to assess the association between lipid profile components and hypertension among adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 participants (50 hypertensive and 50 normotensive individuals) at Sirat e Mustaqeem health care center, Karachi, from October to December 2024. Patients aged 30–60 years, with no prior antihypertensive treatment or chronic comorbidities, were enrolled using purposive sampling. Blood pressure was measured using standard procedures. Fasting venous blood samples were collected for lipid profile analysis, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-C, and HDL-C. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v21, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The study population included 65% males and 35% females. Most hypertensive patients exhibited elevated levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG, while HDL-C levels were comparable between groups. ANOVA analysis showed a significant association of cholesterol with BMI (F = 25, p < 0.05) and LDL levels (F = 20, p < 0.05). However, no within-group variability was observed, suggesting potential data homogeneity or recording issues. Conclusion: The findings suggest a significant association between dyslipidemia—particularly elevated TC, LDL-C, and TG—and hypertension. Routine monitoring of lipid profiles in hypertensive patients is recommended to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications.