Dupilumab, an interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor subunit blocking the function of T-helper 2 (Th2)-mediated cytokines is the first FDA biologic approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Several adverse effects have been associated with dupilumab with the emergence of case reports describing psoriasis and psoriasiform dermatitis as a potential side effect. Theories proposed in the pathogenesis of dupilumab induced psoriasis include a Th-1 overdrive based mechanism. Here, we report an additional case of psoriasiform dermatitis following dupilumab therapy in a young Middle Eastern male with a long-standing history of atopic nummular dermatitis.

Introduction: Annually physical inactivity attributes to 1.6 million deaths. Physical inactivity in college students is higher in developing countries compared to developed countries. There is a decline in physical activity as the age increases, this increases risk of NCDs like cardiovascular disease, Type 2 Diabetes, stroke. Aim: The present student was done with the objective of finding the level of physical activity among the university students in urban Chidambaram. Study setting and design: This is a cross-sectional study done among students studying in university. Materials and Methods: A total of 454 participants were included in the study, the level of physical activity was assessed using IPAQ-SF. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive and Analytical statistics were used. Analytical statistics was done using Chi-square test and binominal logistic regression. Results: Out of 454 participants, 108 (23.8 %) were physically active and 346 (76.2 %) were physically inactive. Among physically inactive, 107 (30.9 %) were males and 239 (69.1 %) were females. Females were 3 times physically inactive compared to males [odd’s ratio - 3.011 (95% CI 1.931 - 4.695)]. Binary logistic regression between levels of physical activity and significant factors showed females were 2.9 [95% CI (1.84 – 4.58)] physically inactive compared to males and this difference is statistically significant (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: The study shows that majority of college students lack physical activity, males are physically active compared to females. Females are less engaged in Vigorous physical activity compared to males.

Background: Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) of abnormal marrow stem cell with BCR-ABL1 fusion gene as a pathognomonic feature. In resource-poor countries, clinical and laboratory parameters were invaluable tools used in the diagnosis. However, the advent of GeneXpert technology was a paradigm shift in the detection of the fusion gene. Aim of the study: To highlight the clinical usefulness of geneXpert in the evaluation of clinical and laboratory features of newly diagnosed patients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu. Sixty-five BCR-ABL 1 positive consenting patients were evaluated using demographic, clinical and laboratory data. Data was analyzed using GraphPad Prism software version 9 with probability <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: A total of 65 patients with mean age 45.22 + 15.44 years were studied. Age group 39 – 49 were mostly affected 20 (30.8%) with Enugu State having the highest disease burden 20 (30.8%). Abdominal swelling was the most common presenting feature 57 (87.7%) while splenomegaly was the most common finding on imaging 60 (92.3%). Mean WBC and BCR-ABL1 were 207.37 + 87.57 x 109/L and 41.02 + 24.53% (IS) respectively (r = -180, P = 0.015). Majority of the cases were in chronic phase 56 (86.2%). Risk assessment of cases on presentation using Sokal and Hasford scores were statistically significant (t = 20.23, P < 0.0001), [CI = 1429 to 1739]. Conclusion: There was improved diagnostic yield of cases of CML using the molecular diagnostic technique.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease resulting from either a deficit in insulin secretion (type 1) or a function (type 2) that results in an increased level of glucose in the blood. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk for developing many serious complications including microvascular, macrovascular, decreased reproductive activity, and frequent infections. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the awareness level regarding DM risk factors, symptoms, signs, management, and complications in both the diabetic and the nondiabetic population. Method: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among the general population of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in 2019. A total of 24 questions from a pre-piloted questionnaire were interpreted into Arabic. The questionnaire contained a series of questions arranged in four parts: Assessing DM general knowledge, risk factors, symptoms, and complications. Result: This study included 1324 participants; 52.5% were female. The largest age range among the participants (41.5%) was 15–23 years, followed by the 44–53 (18.8%) year age group. Regarding the questions answered correctly: a total mean score achieved by the whole population was 13.9 ± 3.6 out of 19 points (73.9 ± 19.3%). The diabetic participants achieved higher scores than the nondiabetics in each category. Conclusion: The study found that the largest gap in knowledge regarding DM is in the knowledge of its complications. The role of health education needs emphasis at all levels starting with schools and universities. This is in addition to general public health education, distributing knowledge through brochures and social media.

COVID-19 associated infection is caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, the virus is single stranded positive sense binds with greater affinity to Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 present in human cells it is 30 kb pair long RNA genome which take over the host cell machinery, immune system of host cell with the help of accessory proteins leads widespread infection. COVID-19 contains structural protein spike, membrane, Nucleocapsid, and envelope. The epidemiology of COVID-19 is based on dynamics of RdRp, N, and E genes for diagnosis of COVID-19 and knowing the exact understanding of this infection. The protein RNA dependent polymerase (RdRp) is responsible which performs replication of virus in host cell. As there is not any homolog of RdRp is seen till now, so it can be a promising gene for COVID-19 associated diagnosis. There are mainly two techniques responsible for detection of COVID-19 associated infection one is immunological assay performed through antigen and antibody and other is molecular technique based of genome analysis real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). Among both of them more reliable is RT-PCR which is based on diagnosis of RdRp gene, N-gene, E gene. Envelope protein is involved in assembly, budding and pathogenesis of virus also perform viroporin and interacts with host cell and CoV proteins. Nucleocapsid protein is involved in forming complexes membrane of virus and its assembly this protein is also involved in increasing the transcription efficiency of virus, recent studies had revealed that N-proteins are the multifunctional protein. This review article aim is to reveal the functioning of all the three genes (N, E and RdRp) associated SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Drug-induced Galactorrhea associated with Hyperprolactinemia has been rarely reported with agents such as antidopaminergic, antiemetics, antidepressants etc. Galactorrhea related with Hyperprolactinemia is an unwanted consequence of the treatment in which there is an increased serum prolactin levels usually associated with an abnormal whitish fluid like secretion from the breast. We report a case of expressible Galactorrhea at multiple occasions in a 44-year-old female patient with Fibromyalgia and Vascular headache related to Fluoxetine, Amitriptyline, Flunarizine, Domperidone used at different intervals of treatment. This report highlights the mechanism of these drugs which induces galactorrhea and subsequent reduction in the side effect when the active drugs are withdrawn.

Bortezomib is an anticancer agent used for multiple myeloma in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs. Pneumonitis and pulmonary toxicity associated with bortezomib application has been reported in a series of cases associated with multiple myeloma. A 59-year-old male patient received 16 weeks of CyBorD regimen followed by first phase of RVD regimen and bortezomib biweekly resulted in partial remission. During the second phase of RVD regimen developed cough and whitish sputum. On high resolution computed tomography showed opacities on the lungs and diagnosed as bortezomib induced interstetial lung disease. He responded to the cortecosteroid therapy and respiratory symptoms subsided. This is a clinically proven bortezomib induced interstetial lung disease on retreatment with bortezomib for a patient with relapsed multiple myeloma.