Instagram poetry makes for a new and interesting genre, or rather a new sub-genre in literature according to Oliveira & Fazano (2020). In the radically transformed world of social media, poetic expression has also morphed into an emergent form. Instagram poetry democratizes the process of voice and allows poets to publish their poetry, and reach a greater audience with more of an impact. Pakistani poets are not far behind in incorporating this new form of poetry into their traditional modes of expression. Numerous young poets transpire on Instagram, incorporating their words into images to post on their feeds or in their stories. It becomes imperative to notice and hear these varied voices as well as examine and analyze their message. Bringing their poetry to the mainstream with the help of a thematic analysis, this study incorporates the Sociological Criticism theory to explore the prevalent themes. This study attempts to give Pakistani Instagram poets and their subjects the deserved exposure. Applying Belsey’s method of close reading Pakistani Instagram Poetry reveals some major themes across poems and a few minor themes that appear less often. One of the major and prominent themes, as revealed from the study, is the theme of ‘self-compassion’ with several minor themes under this larger ambit. A greater focus on self is possibly the new trend in the subgenre of Pakistani Instagram poetry but further comparative studies with Instagram poets of other nationalities need to be conducted to find out the most common themes in Instagram poetry worldwide.

Soot pollution, also known as black carbon, is a type of air pollution caused by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. In the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, it is a major environmental issue, largely due to the extensive oil and gas operations in the area. This abstract will discuss the causes, effects and potential solutions to soot pollution in the Niger Delta. The primary cause of soot pollution in the Niger Delta is the flaring of natural gas during oil extraction and production. The flaring of gas releases large amounts of black carbon into the air, along with other harmful pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. In addition, the use of old and poorly maintained diesel generators in the region contribute to the high levels of soot pollution. The effects of soot pollution in the Niger Delta are wide-ranging and severe. The most immediate impact is on human health, as exposure to black carbon can lead to respiratory problems, cardiovascular diseases, and even premature death. Soot pollution also has detrimental effects on the environment, such as damaging vegetation and contributing to climate change. It has been estimated that soot pollution from gas flaring alone emits the equivalent of over 72 million tons of carbon dioxide annually. There are several potential solutions that could help reduce soot pollution in the Niger Delta. One approach is to reduce gas flaring by investing in infrastructure and technologies that capture and utilize the gas rather than burning it. This would not only decrease soot pollution, but also provide a valuable energy source for the local communities. Additionally, promoting the use of cleaner energy sources and enforcing stricter regulations on emissions from industrial activities could also help mitigate soot pollution. In conclusion, soot pollution in the Niger Delta is a significant problem with detrimental impacts on both human health and the environment. It is caused by the flaring of natural gas during oil extraction and production and has far-reaching effects. The key to addressing this issue is investing in cleaner technologies and promoting sustainable practices to reduce gas flaring and other sources of soot pollution in the region.

This article provides a critical appraisal of the preventive procedures established under the OHADA Uniform Act on Bankruptcy Proceedings, enacted on September 25, 2015, which aims to facilitate the timely reorganization of distressed businesses and protect the interests of creditors. However, significant procedural and operational hurdles persist, including inefficiencies in the conciliation process, a lack of clarity regarding the roles of conciliators, and inadequate safeguards for stakeholder participation. By analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the current preventive measures outlined in the Uniform Act, this research highlights the need for reforms that enhance the effectiveness of the OHADA insolvency regime. Furthermore, the study makes sound recommendations aimed at improving these preventive procedures to ensure they better serve their intended purpose of promoting sustainable business recovery in OHADA member states. Ultimately, this research aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on enhancing corporate resilience in the face of economic challenges while providing actionable solutions to strengthen the existing framework.

Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) type 3 is a rare genetic disorder characterized by impaired bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules, leading to metabolic acidosis. Here, we present a case of a 6-year-old male Saudi child who was diagnosed with RTA type 3 associated with carbonic anhydrase deficiency. The patient presented with symptoms of metabolic acidosis, electrolyte abnormalities, and a family history of renal tubular acidosis. Laboratory investigations revealed metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, and hypophosphatemia, consistent with the diagnosis of RTA type 3. Genetic testing confirmed the presence of mutations in the CA2 gene encoding carbonic anhydrase II, corroborating the diagnosis of carbonic anhydrase deficiency. The patient was managed with oral alkali supplementation and electrolyte replacement therapy to correct acidosis and restore electrolyte balance. This case underscores the importance of recognizing the rare association between RTA type 3 and carbonic anhydrase deficiency, highlighting the role of genetic testing in diagnosis and personalized management strategies for affected individuals. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and optimize therapeutic interventions for this rare disorder.

Background: It is the duty of parents to ensure their children receive vaccinations. Consequently, the perspectives, understanding, and convictions of parents regarding vaccination play a vital role, as these factors affect their actions related to timely and complete immunization. Objectives: This systematic review thoroughly examined the latest literature concerning parents' awareness of children's vaccination in Arab nations. Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were systematically searched to include the relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was used throughout this systematic approach. Results & interpretation: This review encompassed fourteen studies involving a total of 13,082 parents, with 70.9% being mothers from Arab Countries. The level of knowledge regarding children's vaccinations among parents in Arab Countries was significantly influenced by factors such as the father's age, educational attainment, the employment status of mothers, and the type of family structure. It was observed that, Arab Countries, younger mothers exhibited a greater level of knowledge. Parents demonstrated a solid understanding and positive attitudes towards the seasonal influenza vaccine. However, while parents showed a reasonable level of knowledge about COVID-19 vaccinations, it was accompanied by some caution. Regarding HPV infection and vaccination, all participants reported low rates of vaccination and a limited willingness to vaccinate their children. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study underscore the importance of parental awareness concerning vaccinations and immunization in Arab Countries. Health authorities should intensify efforts to promote the advantages of vaccination while highlighting the dangers associated with delayed or missed pediatric immunizations.

Nano, Small and Medium size Enterprises in Nigeria are experiencing great challenges occasioned by fuel subsidy removal policy of Federal Government. The objective of this study is to examine the Impact of Fuel Subsidy Removal on the Performance of Nano, Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Balogun Market, Lagos Island, Lagos State, Nigeria. Survey research design was used. Population consists of 11,643 registered Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos state. Sample size of 387 Nano Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (NSMEs) was arrived with the use of Taro Yamani formular (1967). While the respondents were selected with use of simple random sampling technique. Questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents. Results of the findings revealed that Fuel Subsidy Removal affect both Logistics and overhead costs performance of Nano, Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Balogun Market, Lagos Island, Lagos State Nigeria. It was recommended that government should provide public transport at a reduced cost to Nano Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (NSMEs) in order to curb the effect of high logistics costs. Also, that government should implement good monetary policies that will reduce the high foreign exchange rates in order to reduce the overhead costs of Nano Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (NSMEs) in Nigeria.

Edwards syndrome, also known as trisomy 18, is a rare chromosomal disorder characterized by multiple congenital anomalies and significant developmental delay. We present the case of a 13-year-old female diagnosed with Edwards syndrome, highlighting the intricate clinical course and management challenges encountered in her care. The patient exhibited dysmorphic facial features, severe anemia, and neurological manifestations, including seizures and abnormal movements. Diagnostic investigations revealed severe iron deficiency anemia necessitating packed red blood cell transfusion, alongside antiepileptic therapy for seizure management. A multidisciplinary approach involving specialists from various disciplines facilitated tailored interventions addressing the patient's medical, nutritional, and developmental needs. Reporting and documenting cases of Edwards syndrome are vital for advancing understanding of the condition and optimizing clinical care practices. This case underscores the importance of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to care for individuals with rare genetic disorders like Edwards syndrome, aiming to optimize outcomes and enhance overall quality of life.

Malware analysis is critical to cybersecurity because it enables researchers and security professionals to better understand threats, their indicators of compromise, and then provide mitigating measures. This paper presents the comparative analysis of two popular malware analysis environments, i.e, Virtual Machines (VMs) and Containerized Environments (CEs). The team evaluated these platforms based on key factors such as isolation, resource usage, startup time, scalability, operating system support and emulation capabilities. Our findings reveal that Virtual Machines offer stronger isolation and better operating system emulation, while Containerized Environments provide faster startup time, better scalability and a lower resource overhead. This study provides a valuable insight for cybersecurity professionals seeking to choose the most suitable environment for malware analysis.

The ratification and domestication of international human rights instruments are used as indices to determine a state's commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights. The judge as part of the judiciary is one of the stakeholders to fulfil this task. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 and the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, everyone has a role to play in the realisation of human rights. Everyone should respect the role of those who work for the protection of human rights, through an independent judiciary, who are impartial, neutral, and independent in the promotion and protection of human rights. Article 37(3) of the Cameroonian constitution of 1996 as amended provides for the independence of the judge which constitutes part of the judiciary. This is to the effect that the President of the Republic shall guarantee the independence of the Judiciary. He shall appoint members of the bench and the legal department. Nevertheless, judges are partially independent in their role in the promotion and protection of human rights. This raises issues such as contradiction, inconsistency, and difficulties for the judges to play in the promotion and protection of human rights. This article is based on the hypothetical premise that the role of the judges in the promotion and protection of human rights in Cameroon is ineffective. It seeks to examine the effectiveness of the role of judges in the promotion and protection of human rights. Adopting the Doctrinal and comparative research method, the paper concludes that under article 37(3) of the constitution, judges are partially independent in their role in the promotion and protection of human rights. It is submitted that the provision of Article 37(3) should be revisited to ensure the independence of the judiciary and judges in particular in the promotion and protection of human rights. In addition, the judiciary must undergo a paradigm shift from complacent and disturbing judicial inertia to judicial activism.

The interplay between sleep quality and anxiety in adults has garnered significant attention in psychological and medical research, given the profound implications for mental health and overall well-being. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between these two constructs by analyzing current literature, integrating results from observational studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses. Poor sleep quality is often characterized by difficulties in initiating and maintaining sleep, reduced sleep duration, and non-restorative sleep. Such disturbances have been shown to exacerbate anxiety symptoms, contributing to a cyclical pattern where anxiety itself further impacts sleep quality. The review highlights various mechanisms underlying this relationship, including hyperarousal, rumination, and dysregulation of neurobiological pathways, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Numerous studies indicate that individuals with anxiety disorders report significantly lower sleep quality compared to their non-anxious counterparts. Specific anxiety disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder, have been identified as particularly associated with sleep disturbances. Interventions targeting sleep, including cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and pharmacological treatments, are discussed in relation to their efficacy in alleviating anxiety symptoms and enhancing sleep quality. Moreover, the review addresses the potential bidirectional nature of the relationship, suggesting that not only can poor sleep contribute to increased anxiety, but anxiety may also lead to long-term alterations in sleep patterns. Implications for clinical practice are presented, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive assessments that incorporate both sleep and anxiety evaluations. Finally, the review identifies gaps in the existing literature and suggests directions for future research, including the need for longitudinal studies and investigations into the biological underpinnings of this relationship. By synthesizing current findings, this review contributes to a deeper understanding of the association between sleep quality and anxiety, aiming to inform effective interventions and promote better health outcomes in adults.

Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a frequent vascular pathology, especially in elderly males. Horseshoe kidney (HSK), the most common renal fusion anomaly, presents a surgical challenge when associated with AAA. We report a case of successful open repair of a juxtarenal AAA in a patient with HSK. Case Presentation: A 68-year-old male with hypertension, diabetes, and active smoking was diagnosed with a 60 mm juxtarenal AAA and horseshoe kidney during routine imaging. The patient underwent elective open repair via a retroperitoneal approach. A bifurcated aorto-bi-iliac graft was placed. The right renal artery was reimplanted, and an inferior polar artery was revascularized using a saphenous vein graft. Discussion: HSK complicates AAA surgery due to anomalous renal vasculature and anteriorly located isthmus. Open repair allows precise revascularization and direct access to the aorta. Renal preservation strategies are crucial to reduce postoperative complications. Conclusion: Open surgical repair remains a reliable option in AAA with HSK when renal revascularization is necessary. Thorough preoperative planning and tailored reconstruction are key to achieving optimal outcomes.

This study investigates the relationship between Greenwashing and Financial Manifests of Food and Beverages Manufacturing Firms in Rivers State Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to investigate the influence of corporate-level greenwashing and product-level greenwashing on profitability of the firms. The study adopted the quasi-experimental research design which employed the cross-sectional survey design. The choice of this survey approach is because it will scientifically look at the situation on ground and will empirically analyse it to get result that can be attributable to the accessible population. Based on the research questions, a questionnaire was designed and one hundred (100) copies were distributed to the customers of the food and beverages manufacturing firms who constituted the population of the study, the researchers purposively administered ten (10) copies each to customers of the ten (10) food and beverages manufacturing firms selected for this study. After data cleaning, a total of ninety-two (92) copies of the distributed questionnaire were retrieved. These copies were analysed and the hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient with the aid of SPSS Version 23.0. The result revealed that; there is a weak positive relationship between the dimensions of greenwashing adopted in this study and profitability of the food and beverages manufacturing firms in Rivers State. The study concluded that greenwashing is not healthy for the financial manifests of the food and beverages manufacturing firms in Rivers State. The study consequently recommends that; companies should focus on sustainable development and limit the occurrence of greenwashing. For companies, greenwashing will bring temporary benefits in a short period of time; Government departments and regulatory agencies should establish a sound regulatory mechanism to scientifically manage the greenwashing behaviours of companies.

Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare, indolent lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the accumulation of abnormal lymphoplasmacytic cells in the bone marrow. These cells produce excessive amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM) protein, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, bleeding problems, and increased susceptibility to infections. In recent years, biclonal gammopathy, defined as the presence of two distinct monoclonal proteins in a patient’s blood or urine, has been increasingly recognized in some WM patients. For instance, Nakazaki et al., (2010) reported cases of WM with coexisting non-IgM gammopathy, specifically IgG.

Introduction: Rubella can pose serious risks to pregnant individuals, especially during the first trimester, as maternal infection may lead to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Despite ongoing vaccination efforts, cases of rubella infection persist among women of childbearing age. This study aims to assess rubella susceptibility, vaccination coverage, and associated risk factors among pregnant women at Al-Wazarat Healthcare Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 12 months, enrolling 300 pregnant women aged 18 to 45 years through convenience sampling. Demographic information, obstetric history, rubella vaccination status, prior infection, and laboratory data on rubella-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were collected from medical records. Results: The mean age of participants was 32.0 years, and 134 (44.7%) had given birth five or more times. Overall, 252 (84%) reported having received a rubella vaccination, although 153 (51%) had unknown vaccination timing. IgM positivity (n=70; 23.3%) indicated recent infection, while 241 (80.3%) tested positive for IgG, suggesting prior exposure or successful immunization. Documented vaccination was significantly associated with lower infection rates (p=0.011), age (p=0.0001), and congenital abnormalities (p=0.004). Conclusion: Although vaccination uptake was high, recent infections and incomplete vaccination records highlight ongoing vulnerabilities to rubella and CRS. Improved immunization tracking, comprehensive antenatal screening, and targeted education for both patients and healthcare providers may reduce rubella susceptibility and safeguard maternal and child health.

This study investigates the multifaceted factors influencing the quality of training for non-physical education majors in the field of physical education. By employing a mixed-methods research design that integrates quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, the research examines internal and external determinants, including curriculum misalignment, inadequate facilities, outdated teaching methodologies, and student as well as lecturer attitudes. Drawing upon established theories such as Self-Determination Theory [1] and Constructivist Learning Theory, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and barriers that hinder effective training outcomes. The findings reveal that discrepancies between institutional expectations and practical needs, along with limited resource allocation and motivational deficits, significantly impact the overall quality of education. Based on these insights, the paper proposes targeted strategies to enhance teaching practices, optimize learning environments, and foster intrinsic motivation among students, thereby contributing to a more effective and equitable educational framework.