Etoposide is an anticancer drug that belonging to topoisomerase II inhibitors, it used to treat various human malignancies. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. The present study evaluated the possible protective potential of oral treatment of ginger oil (75&150 mg/kg body weight) three times weekly for 21 days against the genotoxic effects of etoposide oral administration (1mg/kg body weight) three times weekly for 21 days on bone marrow in male albino rat (Rattus norvegicus). Sixty adult male albino rats were used as the following, 30 rats (5 for each group) were prepared for DNA, evaluated the oxidative status in liver tissue (they were received the treatments for 21 days). The other 30 rats were used for chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow in addition to mitotic index in bone marrow (they were received the treatments for 72 hours only). Animals treated with etoposide showed DNA fragmentations on agarose gel electrophoresis and a significant increase in the percentage of bone marrow total chromosomal aberrations (TCA: 183.3±2.7) with significant decrease (P<0.01) in mitotic index in bone marrow (22.3± 2.25 ). Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide as indicators for oxidative stress showed an increase (2.42 ±0.05, 24.25 ±0.41) respectively, in contrast superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione showed decrease (P<0.01) with values (15.2 ±0.20, 5.42±0.31, 1.43±0.09) respectively, after etoposide treatment. While treatments with ginger oil (either 75 or 150 mg/kg b. wt.) normalize the oxidative status in liver tissues. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that ginger oil exerted a protective effect against genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by etoposide that may be due to its antioxidant effects. Consequently, we recommended that ginger oil can be suggested to be administrated as co-medicine in chemotherapeutic treatments of cancer