Cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC) is an important tool in rapid diagnosis of a varied spectrum of Hemoglobinopathies. The aim of the study was to detect hemoglobin variants and hematological parameters in a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai district of Western India. A total of 130 blood samples were examined on the Bio-Rad Variant CE-HPLC system by β-thalassaemia short program. The concentrations of the haemoglobin variants (%), retention times and the peak characteristics for all hemoglobin fractions were recorded. Blood indices were measured on an automated haematology counter. Out of 130 samples tested in different communities, 69 (53%) were found to have normal HPLC pattern and used as controls. Total 61 (47%) subjects were found to be hemoglobinopathies. Among those having hemoglobinopathies, 2 (3%) had β- thalassaemia major, 20 (33%) β- thalassaemia trait, 1(2%) HbE/β- thal, 2 (3%) Hb-SS, 14 (23%) Hb-S trait and HbS/β- thal respectively. The percentage of sickle-thalassemia double heterozygous subjects was 23% and their number was 22. Other variants were also found and their number was 8. Haemogram of all the study subjects with hemoglobinopathies were altered as compared to those of controls and anisopoikilocytosis, hypochromia, and abnormal red cell distribution width (RDW) were found in majority of cases. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was generally normal to very low. In conclusion, CE-HPLC was found to be a simple, rapid and reliable method for the quantification of HbF, HbA2, HbS and other hemoglobin variants for screening and confirmation of common hemoglobinopathies like sickle cell anemia, β- thalassemia. Abnormal hemoglobins as HbS HbA2 and HbF very common in our study. Scheduled caste had the highest prevalence of hemoglobinopathies