Etiological factors leading to hyperbilirubinemia vary among different geographic regions. The present study was planned to study the pattern, causes, risk factors, treatment and outcome of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in a tertiary care setup from northern India. A retrospective cohort of jaundiced neonates seeking care for their illness at this tertiary care centre during formed the study population. All treated cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were analyzed and data on gender, gestation age, mode of delivery, blood group incompatibility, sepsis, parity and birth weight were obtained. The commonest cause of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was physiological jaundice (41.04%). Mean bilirubin values for pathological cases (18.11± 5.54 mg/dl) were higher than physiological jaundice (12.06 ± 3.59 mg/dl). Top three causes of pathological hyperbilirubinemia were ABO incompatibility (32.55%), Rh incompatibility (11.79%) and breast feeding (6.13%). Mean age of presentation with jaundice was three days. Majority (48.58%) of the cases had their total bilirubin levels equal to or below 15mg/dl. Almost all the neonates showed improvement with phototherapy and exchange transfusion. Hyperbilirubinemia is a commonly encountered problem in our NICUs. ABO and Rh incompatibility are mainly responsible for pathological jaundice. Phototherapy is found to be a safe and cost-effective way to manage neonatal jaundice.