Caecal diverticulitis is an uncommon condition in western countries and is often confused with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. A distinction between the two entities is almost made intraoperatively. The management of solitary inflamed caecal diverticulae is still controversial; it ranges from a conservative approach with antibiotics to a right hemicolectomy. We present a case of 27 year old female which presented to the emergency department with symptoms similar to acute appendicitis. However, a CT scan showed signs of perforated caecal diverticulitis, thus an ileocaecal resection was realized. Across our case and a literature review, we try to highlight the difficulty of a preoperative diagnosis of this rare clinical condition and to discuss essentially its surgical management