A study of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Perimenopausal Women in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Abstract
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is a very common presenting symptom in the Gynecology department in all age groups. It is very significant in peri and postmenopausal age group because of the risk of malignancy is higher as the age advances. We in the present study tried to evaluate the clinical and pathological correlations in patients visiting our tertiary care hospital with symptoms of AUB. Methods: This Prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences [PIMS], Nagnoor, Karimnagar. N=60 patients that were included for the study. In the follow up n=7 patients were lost hence there was the n=53 number of patients who were included in this study. All the patients underwent the detailed history and complete clinical examination, required investigations like hysteroscopy, USG, computerized tomography (CT scan) and histopathological examinations were performed for the specimen from endometrial biopsy, D&C, cervical biopsy, or hysterectomy with or without salphingoophrectomy for the diagnosis in this study. Results: In the present study the most common pathological diagnosis was fibroids n=17 (32.07%), Dysfunctional uterine bleeding and Adenomyosis in n=8 (15.09%). Endometrial hyperplasia n=7 (13.20%), carcinoma cervix in n=5 (943%), and carcinoma endometrium in n=3 (5.66%), Endometrial metaplasia, endometrial polyps, and infections were found in n=1 cases each total n=3 included in the others. Similarly, the diagnosis of DUB was made in n=8 cases out of which n=5 were in the age group 40 - 45 years, n=2 in the age group 46 – 50 years and n=1 in the age group 51-55 years. Endometrial hyperplasia was found the total of n=7 cases out of which n=4 were in the age group 40 - 45 years, n=1 in the age group 46 – 50 years and n=2 in the age group 52 - 55 years the other distribution of cases according to age group. Conclusion: The patients presenting with AUB in peri and postmenopausal age group should be comprehensively analyzed including history, clinical examination, USG, and pathological examination. Benign lesions of endometrium and myometrium were the most common causes of AUB in our study. The incidences of cancers were greater with advancing age in this study