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Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (SJMPS)
Volume-5 | Issue-12 | 1159-1164
Original Research Article
A Comparative Evaluation of Continuous Wave and Pulsed Wave Diode Low Level Laser Therapy on Orthodontic Tooth Movement-A Split Mouth Study
Dr. Faisal Arshad, Dr. Shashi Kumar HC, Dr. Mansoor Pasha
Published : Dec. 30, 2019
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2019.v05i12.024
Abstract
Introduction: Low level laser therapy (LLLT) also known as photobiomodulation, is a treatment that uses low-level lasers or light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to change cellular function and is a clinically well accepted tool in shortening the duration of Orthodontic treatment which is beneficial to the orthodontists as long treatment duration is associated with increased risks of white spot lesions, gingival inflammation, decalcification and root resorption. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is reported to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. Both pulsed (PW) and continuous wave (CW) modes are available in LLLT devices, which provide with a wide range of therapeutic options. The relative influence of CW and PW on Orthodontic tooth movement has not been fully studied. So the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of CW & PW on the effect of OTM. Materials & Methods: This split-mouth design study was carried on 20 patients requiring extraction of first premolars in maxillary arch. Upper Left quadrant canine was irradiated to Continous wavelength (CW) LLLT and upper right quadrant canine was irradiated with Pulsed wavelength (PW) LLLT. Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (GaAlAs) semiconductor diode laser with a wave length of 810 nm was used in two different modes. Laser Irradiation and the Traction Force of 150gm was applied on reaching 19x25 stainless steel wire at various intervals T0, T3, T6.Digital vernier caliper was used on study models as well as direct intraorally to measure the rate of canine retraction at each interval. Results: Data was subjected to various statistical tests- Kolmogorov Smirnov test, student t-test, one way ANOVA test. The rate of canine retraction was 6.58 mm at T0 (starting point) to 4.61 at T6 (6 weeks interval) in continuous wave(CW) group ( p=0.0001) while in Pulsed wave (PW) group it was 6.56mm at T0 to 2.94 mm at T6 (p=0.0001). Conclusion: The rate of canine retraction was greater in the quadrant which was irradiated with pulsed wavelength (PW) as compared to continuous wavelength (CW). More rapid tooth movement was seen between 3-6 week intervals.
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