Introduction: Amniotomy is an artificial rupture of the egg's membranes using a membrane piercer through the cervical opening of the uterus. It is an invasive method of induction and stimulation of labour that may increase the risk of complications during labour and early postpartum. Objective: to evaluate the impact of amniotomy on maternal and fetal outcomes during labor, delivery, and early postpartum. Methods: This was a case-control study with retrospective data collection over a period of 6 months from March to August 2017 at the maternity ward of the Gynaecological-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital in Yaoundé. Women who received amniotomy (exposed group) were compared to those who did not receive amniotomy (unexposed group). The data collected were entered and analyzed on Epi-info 3.5.1 and Statistical Package For Social Science SPSS 20.0 software. Comparison of variables was done using Chi-square (X2) and Fisher's exact test. The association between amniotomy and the different variables was measured using the relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). P < 5% was considered significant. Results: A total of 193 deliveries were recorded and divided into 110 cases of amniotomy and 83 spontaneous rupture of membranes. The frequency of amniotomy was 76.92% in our study. Maternal complications occurred in 38.2% of cases in the amniotomy group and in 32.5% of cases in the second group with a P value of 0.255 (not significant). Fetal and neonatal complications occurred in 13.6% of cases of amniotomy and 21.7% of spontaneous rupture of membranes during labour and 13 cases of amniotomy versus 11 cases of spontaneous rupture of membranes in the early post partum period. The difference was not statistically significant between the two groups for the occurrence of complications (P=0.410). Conclusion and recommendation: At the end of our study, it appears that amniotomy is very frequent in our environment, but its realization has no proven impact on the fate of the mother and the fetus.