Saudi Journal of Medicine (SJM)
Volume-6 | Issue-12 | 401-409
Original Research Article
Clinical Profile of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
Dr. Shish Mohammad Sarkar, Dr. Julekha Khatun, Dr. Mohammed Mirazur Rahman, Dr. Ahmed Imran Kabir, Dr. Md. Sohel Rana
Published : Dec. 17, 2021
Abstract
Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is an uncommon illness of uncertain aetiology that arises between one month antepartum and five months postpartum in women without preexisting cardiac disease. This condition is associated with certain demographic features. There is no data on PPCM prevalence or risk factors in Bangladesh. Clinical characteristics and risk factors for PPCM are the focus of this investigation. Objective: A description of the symptoms and signs associated with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy and to find out the risk factors (advanced age, multiparity, multiple gestation, obesity, preeclampsia and chronic hypertension). Materials and Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study, carried out in Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Gynecology and Obstetrics of Rajshahi medical college hospital, Rajshahi during the period from 01 June 2015 to 30 November 2015. A total n=30 patients meeting selection criteria were included in this study. Results: Total 30 patients were included, 17(56.7%) primigravida and 13(43.3%) patients were multigravida. Nine patients (30%) presented during pregnancy and 21(70.0%) after delivery. All patients presented with heart failure and three (6.7%) were complicated with ventricular tachycardia (VT) at presentation. LV systolic dysfunction was present in all (100%) patients. Two patients had LV clot, and thromboembolic stroke occurred in another 3 patients. Echocardiography was repeated after 2 months and in 22(73.3%) patients LV functions recovered to near normal. All patients were discharged in stable condition. Conclusion: Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a disease in which predominantly left ventricular dysfunction occurs in the peripartum period in previously healthy woman. Advanced maternal age, low socioeconomic status, elderly primi gravida and previous abortion play as major risk factors. The clinical course varies between complete recovery to end stage heart failure. Women presented early with moderate left ventricular dysfunction show a very good outcome.