Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology (SIJAP)
Volume-2 | Issue-03 | 102-107
Original Research Article
Study of Styloid Process in Dry Human Skulls: Identification of Sex from Interstyloid Distance in Central India Region
Dr. Abhilasha M. Wahane, Dr. R. A. Nandanwar
Published : March 30, 2019
Abstract
Introduction: The styloid process is a cylindrical bony projection extending from petrous part of temporal bone. It lies in
front of the stylomastoid foramen and projects downwards, forwards, and slightly towards the medial side. Many
important neurovascular structures are adjacent to it. Due to morphological variations of styloid process these structures
may be compressed. Abnormal elongation of styloid process may pose threat to anaesthetist while performing intubation.
Methods: Study was carried out on 100 (65 males, 35 females) adult dry skulls. The measurements taken ie. styloid
process length, and interstyloid distance of the skull between the tip and base. All the parameters were measured using a
digital Vernier caliper in millimetres on both the sides. Results: We found mean length of styloid process in males on
right side 22.70 mm and on left 22.16 mm. In females, it was 22.30 mm on right and 21.28 mm on left side. The
interstyloid distances of skull at the base and the tip of the styloid processes were noted. The mean distances at the base
and the tip were 75.26 ± 0.3752 mm and 69.14 ± 0.3493 mm respectively in male, those in female were 72.15 ± 0.6525
mm and 67.00 ± 0.5043 mm respectively. The differences between male and female were statistically significant at the
base (P<0.05) and at the tip (P<0.05). Although no statistically significant difference was found in length of styloid
process between males and females. The occurrence of elongated styloid process was not associated with the gender. By
this study it can be said that the styloid process can be utilised for the sex identification by measuring the interstyloid
distance at the base or the tip of these processes. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that the styloid process
can be utilised for sex identification by measuring the interstyloid distance at both the base and the tip of these processes.
Neurovascular structures which lie within the territory of styloid process may be compressed due to its anatomical
variation. This data may be useful for clinicians, surgeons, radiologists, anaesthetists and anatomists as an academic
interest.